Shin kun taɓa ɗaukar rahoton gwajin jini, kun duba kalmomin da ke ciki, kuma kun yi tunani, "Menene wannan?" Ɗaya daga cikin kalmomin da kuke gani a waɗannan rahotannin shine hemoglobin. Haka kuma, A1C gwaji ne da kuke ji tabbas lokacin da kuke magana game da ciwon suga. Duk waɗannan suna gaya mana abubuwa da yawa game da lafiyar jikinmu. Don haka a yau, za mu yi magana game da hemoglobin da gwajin A1C ta hanya mai sauƙi da za ku iya fahimta.
Menene ainihin haemoglobin?
A taƙaice dai, haemoglobin wani furotin ne na musamman da ake samu a cikin ƙwayoyin jininmu masu ja. Yana kama da 'sabis na isar da sako' wanda ke aiki a cikin jikinmu.
Babban aikinsa shine tattara iskar oxygen da ke shiga huhu lokacin da muke numfashi sannan ya kai shi ga kyallen jiki a ko'ina cikin jiki. Haka kuma yana ɗaukar iskar carbon dioxide da ake samarwa a cikin waɗannan kyallen zuwa huhu don a fitar da su lokacin da muke fitar da su. Wannan haemoglobin shine abin da ke ba wa jininmu launin ja.
Kwayar halittar haemoglobin ta ƙunshi sarƙoƙi huɗu na furotin. Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan sarƙoƙi yana da wani ɓangare da ake kira 'heme' wanda ke ɗauke da ƙarfe. Kwayoyin iskar oxygen suna zuwa suna haɗuwa da wannan ɓangaren da ke ɗauke da ƙarfe. Wannan yana nufin cewa idan jikinka ba shi da isasshen ƙarfe, jikinka ba zai iya samar da isasshen haemoglobin ba. Sannan ikon ɗaukar iskar oxygen a cikin jiki zai ragu.
Menene ma'anar ƙarancin haemoglobin da yawansa?
Adadin sinadarin haemoglobin da jikinmu ke buƙata ya dogara ne da abubuwa da yawa, ciki har da shekaru, jinsi, da kuma lafiyar jiki gaba ɗaya. Misali, mutanen da ke zaune a yankunan tsaunuka, wato, tsaunuka masu tsayi, suna da ɗan ƙaramin matakin haemoglobin fiye da waɗanda ke zaune kusa da matakin teku.
Ana auna Hemoglobin a cikin gram a kowace deciliter (gm/dL). Matakan lafiya na yau da kullun sune kamar haka:
- Maza: 14.0 zuwa 17.5 gm/dL
- Mata: 12.3 zuwa 15.3 gm/dL
Yanzu bari mu ga abin da zai faru idan waɗannan matakan suka canza.
| Matsayi | Dalilai da Alamomi |
|---|---|
| Ƙarancin Hemoglobin | Yawancin lokaci muna kiran wannan yanayin da anemia . Akwai manyan dalilai da yawa da ke sa hakan ya faru:
Manyan alamomin: gajiya akai-akai, faɗuwa, gajiya, ciwon ƙirji, jiri. |
| Babban Hemoglobin | Wannan yawanci yana faruwa ne saboda ƙarancin iskar oxygen a jiki na tsawon lokaci (hypoxia). Yana iya faruwa ta hanyar:
Manyan alamomin: ciwon kai, hangen nesa mara kyau, jiri, kurajen fata, haɗarin toshewar jini. |
Muhimmi: Idan matakin haemoglobin ɗinku ya yi ƙasa ko ya yi yawa a cikin rahoton, kada ku firgita, amma ku ga likitan ku don gano ainihin dalilin.
Yanzu bari mu yi magana game da gwajin A1C.
Idan ana maganar haemoglobin, ɗaya daga cikin muhimman gwaje-gwajen da suka shafi shi shine HbA1c, ko kuma kamar yadda muka sani, gwajin A1C. Wannan gwaji ne mai mahimmanci don gano Ciwon Suga da kuma ganin yadda mutumin da ke fama da ciwon suga yake sarrafa cutarsa.
Menene gwajin A1C ya gaya mana?
Ka yi tunanin matsakaicin bugun ƙwallo na ɗan wasan kurket na tsawon kakar wasa ɗaya. Ba za ka iya sanin ko ɗan wasa ne mai kyau ko a'a ba bisa ga gudun da yake ci a wasa ɗaya. Amma idan aka yi la'akari da matsakaicinsa na tsawon kakar wasa ɗaya, za ka iya fahimtar ƙwarewarsa sosai.
Gwajin A1C iri ɗaya ne. Maimakon duba matakan sukari na jininka a rana ɗaya, wannan gwajin yana nuna yadda matakan sukari na jininka suke a cikin watanni 2-3 da suka gabata .
Yaya wannan yake aiki?
Sugar (glucose) da ke cikin jininmu yana manne da haemoglobin da ke cikin jajayen ƙwayoyin jininmu. Yayin da matakan sukari na jini ke ƙaruwa, adadin sukari da ke manne da haemoglobin shi ma yana ƙaruwa. Tunda matsakaicin rayuwar jajayen ƙwayoyin jinin yana kimanin watanni 3, wannan gwajin yana ba da kyakkyawan hoto na matsakaicin matakan sukari na jini a cikin watanni 3 da suka gabata.
Matakan A1C da ma'anarsu
An bayar da sakamakon A1C a matsayin kashi (%). Ga abin da waɗannan sakamakon ke nufi.
| Kashi na A1C (%) | Ma'ana |
|---|---|
| Kasa da kashi 5.6% | Al'ada - Ba ka da ciwon suga. |
| 5.7% zuwa 6.4% | Ciwon suga - Kana cikin haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon suga. Wannan gargaɗi ne! |
| 6.5% ko fiye | Ciwon suga - An tabbatar kana da ciwon suga. |
Yaushe matakin A1C zai zama mai haɗari?
Idan matakin A1C ɗinka ya fi kashi 9%, to yana da matuƙar haɗari . Yana nufin cewa ciwon suga ba shi da ƙarfi kwata-kwata. Wannan yana ƙara haɗarin samun matsaloli masu tsanani kamar rashin gani, gazawar koda, lalacewar jijiyoyi (cututtukan ciwon suga), cututtukan zuciya, da bugun jini.
Yaya za a iya daidaita matakan A1C da haemoglobin?
Lokacin da ake kula da waɗannan cututtukan guda biyu, yana da mahimmanci a gano ainihin dalilin. Likitan ku zai yi gwaje-gwajen da suka dace kuma ya rubuta muku mafi kyawun magani.
Idan haemoglobin ya yi ƙasa:
Cin abinci mai wadataccen sinadarin iron yana da matuƙar muhimmanci.
- Heme Iron: Naman sa, kaza, kifi (misali tuna), jatan lande, da sauran nama.
- Ba ya ƙunshe da sinadarin iron a cikin abincin shuka: alayyafo, lentil, waken soya, dabino, zabibi, da 'ya'yan kabewa.
- Muhimmin shawara: Idan ka ci abinci mai sinadarin iron mai wadataccen abinci mai dauke da bitamin C (lemu, lemu, tangerines, tumatir, guava), shan sinadarin iron a jiki zai fi inganci.
Idan matakin A1C ya yi yawa:
Likitoci gabaɗaya suna ba da shawarar cewa mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari su kiyaye matakan A1C ɗinsu ƙasa da kashi 7%. Don yin wannan:
- Kula da abinci: Kiyaye abinci mai ɗauke da sitaci (carbohydrates) (shinkafa, burodi, dankali, alewa). Ki ci abinci mai kyau. Ki daina shan abubuwan sha masu sukari gaba ɗaya.
- Motsa jiki:Ka yi motsa jiki mai matsakaicin ƙarfi, kamar tafiya, na tsawon akalla mintuna 30 kowace rana. Motsa jiki yana inganta ƙarfin jiki na amfani da insulin.
- Magani: Yana da mahimmanci a sha magungunan da likita ya rubuta a lokacin da ya dace kuma a cikin adadin da ya dace.
Kada ka manta, kada ka yi ƙoƙarin yin ko ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan da kanka. Yi magana da likitanka game da duk wani canji da ka yi wa salon rayuwarka da abincinka.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Hemoglobin wani furotin ne da ake samu a cikin ƙwayoyin jinin ja wanda ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen a cikin jikinmu.
- Ƙarancin ko yawan haemoglobin na iya zama alamar rashin jini, don haka yana da mahimmanci a nemi shawarar likita.
- Gwajin A1C yana nuna matsakaicin matakin sukari a cikin jininka a cikin watanni 2-3 da suka gabata.
- Idan matakin A1C ya kasance tsakanin 5.7% - 6.4%, to ciwon suga ne. Idan ya kai 6.5% ko sama da haka, ciwon suga ne.
- Abinci mai kyau, motsa jiki, da magunguna da likitanka ya rubuta maka na iya taimakawa wajen kiyaye matakan haemoglobin da A1C masu lafiya.
- Idan kana da wasu tambayoyi game da sakamakon gwajin jininka, kada ka yi jinkirin tambayar likitanka.
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