Shin kana damuwa game da karuwar sinadarin hormones na maza a jiki? Bari mu yi magana game da hyperandrogenism!

Kana damuwa game da wasu canje-canje a jikinka? Wataƙila dalilin shine ƙaruwar adadin androgen, wani nau'in hormone na maza, a cikin jiki. Wannan yanayin a likitanci ana kiransa hyperandrogenism . Kada ka damu, za mu yi magana game da wannan a sauƙaƙe, ta hanyar da za ka iya fahimta.

Mene ne ainihin hyperandrogenism?

A taƙaice dai, yawan sinadarin androgen yana nufin cewa jikinka yana ɗauke da sinadarin androgen da yawa, wani nau'in sinadarin jima'i. Androgens suna da mahimmanci ga balaga, lafiyar haihuwa, da kuma girman jiki.

Yanzu duba, hormones sinadarai ne a jikinmu. Suna kama da manzanni. Suna tafiya ta cikin jini suna gaya wa gabobinmu, tsokoki, da sauran kyallen jikinmu abin da za su yi da kuma lokacin da za su yi.

Ana samar da Androgens a jikin kowa. Amma maza sun fi samar da su. Mata suna samar da kusan kashi ɗaya cikin goma sha biyu na adadin da ke jikin namiji. Testosterone shine babban sinadarin androgen.

Ana samar da Androgens ta hanyar ƙwai a cikin maza da kuma ƙwai a cikin mata. Waɗannan hormones kuma ana samar da su ta hanyar glandar adrenal da ke saman kodanmu. Suna kuma taimakawa wajen mayar da androgens masu rauni zuwa waɗanda suka fi ƙarfi a wurare kamar nama da fata.

Alamomin wannan yanayin, wanda ake kira hyperandrogenism, na iya bambanta dangane da shekaru da jinsi. Akwai dalilai da dama da ka iya haifar da hakan, kuma akwai magunguna don magance shi.

Shin hyperandrogenism da PCOS iri ɗaya ne?

Mutane da yawa suna tunanin cewa hyperandrogenism da polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) cuta ɗaya ce. Duk da cewa akwai dangantaka ta kud da kud tsakanin su biyun, ba iri ɗaya ba ne.

Hyperandrogenism muhimmin siffa ne na PCOS. PCOS rashin daidaiton hormonal ne wanda ovaries ke samar da hormones na maza da yawa. Yana shafar mata.

Don haka, kodayake PCOS shine sanadin yawan shan ruwa a jiki, akwai wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da shan ruwa a jiki. Hakazalika, PCOS yana da wasu alamu, kamar kumburin ovarian, ban da alamun shan ruwa a jiki.

Su waye suka fi kamuwa da wannan ciwon? Yaya aka saba kamuwa da shi?

Hyperandrogenism na iya shafar kowa - yara ƙanana, manya, ko kowa. Duk da haka, ya fi yawa a cikin mata masu shekaru haihuwa .

Tsakanin kashi 5% zuwa 10% na mata masu shekaru haihuwaWannan yanayi yana shafar mutane. Wannan yana nufin wannan ba abu ne mai wuya kamar yadda kuke tsammani ba.

Wannan yanayin ba shi da yuwuwar shafar samari da maza manya.

Menene alamun wannan?

Alamomin hyperandrogenism sun bambanta dangane da jinsi da kuma ko kun taɓa yin balaga.

Amma ga wani muhimmin abu da za a tuna. Ko da kuna da waɗannan alamun, matakan androgen na jinin ku na iya zama na yau da kullun. Wannan saboda kowace daga cikin waɗannan alamun na iya samun wasu dalilai. Haka kuma, ko da gwajin jini ya nuna cewa matakan androgen ɗinku suna da yawa, ƙila ba ku da wata babbar alama.

Abu mafi mahimmanci shine idan waɗannan alamun suka bayyana ba zato ba tsammani da sauri, ya kamata ku ga likita da wuri-wuri, domin a irin waɗannan yanayi, dalilin na iya zama ciwon da ke ɓoye sinadarin androgen.

Yanzu bari mu ga yadda wannan ke shafar mutane daban-daban.

Ga 'yan mata (kafin balaga)

• Ƙwayar da ta girma .
• Kuraje da fata mai mai.
• Girman gashin jiki da ba a so (hirsutism) . Wannan yana nufin cewa "gashin launin ruwan kasa mai haske" ana maye gurbinsa da gashi mai kauri da kauri a wurare kamar lebe na sama, haɓa, ƙirji, ciki, da baya.

Ga yara maza (kafin balaga)

• Azzakari mai girma .
• Girman gashi da wuri ko kuma ya wuce gona da iri a yankin da ke da alaƙa da hammata.
• Zurfafa muryar.

Ga tsofaffin mata

• Kuraje da fata mai mai.
• Girman gashin jiki ba tare da so ba ( hirsutism) .
• Zagayen jinin haila na wata-wata mara tsari.
• Wahalar samun 'ya'ya (rashin haihuwa) .
• Asarar gashi ta hanyar maza ( androgenic alopecia) .

Ga manya maza

Yadda wannan ke shafar maza manya ya dogara ne akan ko ƙarin hormones ɗin sun fito ne daga glandar adrenal ko kuma daga wani abu da aka ɗauka a waje (kamar allurar steroid ta anabolic ). Idan androgens daga glandar adrenal suka ƙaru, maza manya ba za su lura da wani babban canji a jiki ba. Duk da haka, yana iya rage aikin ƙwai kuma yana sa ya zama da wahala a haifi yara.

Me yasa hakan ke faruwa? Menene dalilan?

Ana samar da hormones na Androgen ta hanyar kwai, glandar adrenal, da ƙwayoyin kitse a cikin mata, da kuma ta hanyar ƙwai da glandar adrenal a cikin maza.

Akwai wasu hormones da dama da ke shafar samarwa da sakin waɗannan androgens. Misali , hormone luteinizing (LH) da hormone adrenocorticotrophic (ACTH) . Duk waɗannan hormones ɗin suna fitowa ne ta glandar pituitary.

Idan ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin waɗannan gabobin, ko ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan hormones, bai yi aiki yadda ya kamata ba, hyperandrogenism na iya faruwa.

Akwai manyan dalilai da dama na wannan:

• Ciwon kwai na Polycystic (PCOS) - Wannan shine mafi yawan sanadin.
• Ciwon Haihuwar Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) .
• Cutar Cushing .
• Ciwon daji da ke fitar da sinadarin Androgen.
• Wasu magunguna.

Yanzu bari mu dubi kowanne daga cikin waɗannan dalilan dalla-dalla.

Ciwon kwai na Polycystic (PCOS)

A tsakanin matasa da tsofaffi mata, PCOS shine babban abin da ke haifar da ci gaba da yawan shan taba bayan balaga. Tsakanin kashi 80% zuwa 90% na mata masu fama da ciwon suga suma suna da PCOS .

A cikin PCOS, ovaries suna samar da ƙarin androgens saboda yawan LH da insulin (hyperinsulinemia). Bugu da ƙari, ƙaruwar matakan insulin kuma yana hana hanta samar da furotin da ake kira Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) . Wannan yana ƙara matakin testosterone kyauta a cikin jini.

Haihuwar adrenal hyperplasia `(CAH)`

Ciwon hawan jini na adrenal (CAH) rukuni ne na cututtukan kwayoyin halitta da ke shafar glandar adrenal.

A cikin CAH, maye gurbi na kwayoyin halitta yana haifar da ƙarancin wani enzyme da ake kira 21-hydroxylase , wanda ke taimaka wa jiki wajen samar da hormones. A cikin mutane da yawa da ke fama da CAH, wannan ƙarancin enzyme yana sa glandar adrenal ta samar da ƙarin wasu hormones, kamar testosterone.

Babban abin da ke haifar da hyperandrogenism a cikin mata masu fama da hyperandrogenism shine non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia . Wannan yanayi ne da ƙarancin enzyme 21-hydroxylase ya ragu kaɗan. Wannan yanayin yana shafar kusan kashi 2% na mata masu hyperandrogenism.

Cutar Cushing

Cutar Cushing wani nau'in cuta ne da ake kira Cushing syndrome . Ciwon Cushing wani yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba wanda ke faruwa idan jiki yana da sinadarin cortisol da yawa (wanda kuma hormone ne).

Cutar Cushing tana faruwa ne sakamakon wani ciwon daji da ba shi da ciwon daji a cikin glandar pituitary. Wannan ciwon yana fitar da sinadarin ACTH (hormone adrenocorticotropic) wanda ke ƙara yawan cortisol.

Yawan ACTH yana sa glandar adrenal ta fitar da sinadarin androgens da yawa, wanda shine ke haifar da hyperandrogenism.

Ciwon Cushing yana da wasu alamomi:

• Alamun miƙewa masu launin shunayya a ciki.
• Ƙara nauyi cikin sauri a fuska, ciki, da kuma wuya.
• Hawan jini.

Idan kana da irin waɗannan alamu, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka ga likita da wuri-wuri.

Ciwon daji da ke ɓoye Androgen

Wasu ciwace-ciwacen glandar adrenal, ko ciwace-ciwacen da ke cikin kwai ko ƙwai, na iya haifarwa da kuma fitar da androgens. Wannan yana sa matakan androgen na jiki ya fi yadda aka saba. Yanayin hyperandrogenism da waɗannan ciwace-ciwacen ke haifarwa sau da yawa yana da matuƙar tsanani kuma yana zuwa ba zato ba tsammani .

Yawan shan giya, wanda ciwace-ciwacen ovarian ko adrenal ke haifarwa, ba kasafai yake faruwa ba. Yana shafar kusan kashi 0.2% na mutane. Duk da haka, idan kwatsam ka fara samun alamun yawan shan giya, ka nemi likita nan da nan.

Wasu magunguna

Wasu magunguna kuma na iya haifar da hyperandrogenism. Manyan magunguna da ke haifar da hakan sune:

• Steroids na anabolic-androgenic (waɗannan nau'ikan testosterone ne na roba, waɗanda wasu 'yan wasa ke amfani da su ba daidai ba don haɓaka aiki).
• Progestins na roba (waɗannan magunguna ne da ke haifar da canje-canje a cikin mahaifa kuma ana amfani da su don abubuwa daban-daban).
• Magungunan hana farfadiya ( magungunan hana farfadiya ).

Yaya ake samun wannan? (Gano cutar)

Idan ke mace ce kuma kina zargin kina da hyperandrogenism, likitanki zai yi miki gwajin jiki ya kuma duba alamun kamar girman gashi da ba a so. Za su kuma yi miki wasu tambayoyi game da tarihin lafiyarki:

• Shekarun da nono ke fara girma.
• Shekarun da gashi ke fara bayyana a yankin sirri.
• Shekaru a farkon haila.
• Kana cire gashi (aski, ko an cire gashi ta hanyar laser)?
• Shin kun taɓa amfani da magungunan anabolic steroids ko testosterone ba tare da takardar likita ba?
• Abubuwa kamar sau nawa jinin al'ada ke zuwa, kwanaki nawa yake ɗauka, da kuma yawan jinin da kake zubarwa.

Idan likitanka yana zargin kana da hyperandrogenism, zai yi odar gwajin jini don duba wasu matakan hormones. Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya taimakawa wajen gano cutar.

Wadanne irin gwaje-gwaje ake yi?

Idan kuna da alamun hyperandrogenism, likitanku zai iya yin odar gwaje-gwajen jini kamar haka:

• Jimlar testosterone: Wannan yana auna jimlar adadin testosterone a cikin jinin ku. Wannan matakin na iya ɗan fi girma a cikin mata masu PCOS. Idan ya yi yawa sosai, yana iya zama ƙari a cikin ovaries ko ƙwai.
• Ba a haɗa wannan sinadarin testosterone da wani sinadari ba. Wannan ƙaramin adadin sinadarin testosterone ne. Wannan matakin kuma ana iya ƙara shi a cikin mata masu fama da cutar PCOS.
• Androstenedione : Wannan sinadari ne na steroid wanda ba shi da wani tasiri na androgen a jiki. Duk da haka, galibi yana aiki a matsayin matakin tsaka-tsaki wajen samar da testosterone da estrogen a jiki. Idan matakansa sun yi yawa, PCOS na iya kasancewa.
• Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) : DHEAS wani sinadari ne na jima'i da glandar adrenal ke samarwa. Saboda haka, yana nuna kyakkyawan yanayin samar da sinadarin androgen. Yana da kyau ga mata masu PCOS su sami ƙaramin matakin DHEAS. Idan ya yi yawa sosai, yana iya zama alamar ciwon daji.
• 17-hydroxyprogesterone : Auna matakin 17-hydroxyprogesterone a cikin jini gwaji ne na asali don duba kasancewar hyperplasia na adrenal na asali wanda ba na gargajiya ba ne, yanayin da ke ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da hyperandrogenism.

Tunda akwai wasu dalilai da ke haifar da alamun hyperandrogenism, likitanku zai ba da umarnin wasu gwaje-gwajen jini don kawar da waɗannan dalilai.

Bugu da ƙari, ana iya yin gwaje-gwajen hoto kamar waɗannan don gano dalilin hyperandrogenism:

• Gwaji na duban ƙugu don duba ko akwai cysts na ovarian (wata alama ta PCOS) ko wasu lumps.
• Domin duba ciwon da ke cikin glandar adrenal , ana yin gwajin CT scan (Computed tomography - CT) ko MRI scan (Magnetic resonance imaging - MRI) .

Likitoci suna da nufin rage samar da sinadarin androgen daga cikin kwai ko kuma glandar adrenal, rage yawan sinadarin androgen da ake samu, da kuma toshe tasirin sinadarin androgen.

Duk da haka, mutanen da ke fama da hyperandrogenism yawanci suna neman shawarar likita don magance manyan alamun, kamar girman gashi da ba a so, kuraje, da kuma rashin daidaituwar haila.

Menene hanyoyin magance wannan?

Maganin hyperandrogenism ya dogara da dalilin. Misali:

• Ana iya sarrafa hyperandrogenism na adrenal ta amfani da ƙananan allurai na corticosteroids .
• Idan akwai ciwace-ciwacen da ke cikin ovaries, thicles, ko adrenal gland, za a iya buƙatar a cire su ta hanyar tiyata. Ga matan da suka fara yin menopause ko kuma waɗanda suka daina haila, waɗanda ke da matsanancin hyperandrogenism, ana iya buƙatar tiyatar oophorectomy (cire ovaries ɗaya ko duka biyun) .
• Idan hyperandrogenism ya faru ne sakamakon maganin da kake sha, likitanka zai ba da shawarar dakatar da maganin ko kuma ya canza zuwa wani magani daban.

Magungunan hana shan sigari suma magani ne da aka saba amfani da shi wajen magance yawan shan sigari. Suna toshe tasirin androgens, kamar testosterone.

Akwai nau'ikan magungunan antiandrogen da dama:

• Magungunan hana haihuwa ta baki/kwayoyin hana haihuwa da ke ɗauke da ethinyl estradiol (estrogen) da progesterone masu hana androgenic: Misalan sun haɗa da ƙwayoyin da ke ɗauke da cyproterone acetate (misali Diane®-35), drospirenone (misali Yasmin®, Yaz®) ko dienogest (misali Valette®). Waɗannan na iya magance kuraje, girman gashi da ba a so da kuma rashin yin al'ada.
• Spironolactone (Aldactone®) : Wannan maganin hana androgen yana magance kuraje da kuma girman gashi da ba a so wanda hormones ke haifarwa.
• Cyproterone : Wannan maganin yana taimakawa wajen magance PCOS, rage matakan testosterone, da kuma rage samar da mai da ke haifar da kuraje.

Maganin bayyanar cututtuka

Mutane da ke fama da hyperandrogenism na iya neman magani musamman don alamun su:

• Kuraje : Maganin kuraje sun haɗa da magungunan shafawa, maganin rigakafi na baki kamar tetracycline , antiandrogens (gami da maganin hormones, magungunan hana haihuwa), da kuma magungunan isotretinoin .
• Hirsutism (girman gashi mara so) : Mata da yawa da ke fama da hirsutism suna amfani da hanyoyi kamar kakin zuma, aski, da cire gashi ta hanyar laser. Haka kuma suna iya shan magungunan hana haihuwa.
• Ba a cika yin al'ada ba : Mata za su iya amfani da hanyoyin hana haihuwa na hormones don daidaita zagayowar al'adarsu.

Idan waɗannan alamun ba su amsa maganin da aka saba ba saboda rashin daidaiton hormonal, likitanka zai iya la'akari da magungunan antiandrogen masu ƙarfi.

Ba za a iya hana wannan ba?

Abin takaici, babu wata hanya bayyananna ta hana hyperandrogenism.

Babu wata hanya da aka tabbatar da za a iya hana PCOS, wadda ita ce babbar hanyar da ke haifar da yawan hawan jini. Amma za ka iya ɗaukar ƙananan matakai don rage alamun cutar. Misali, cin abinci mai gina jiki,Motsa jiki na yau da kullun da kuma sarrafa nauyin ku na iya taimakawa wajen rage tasirin PCOS da hyperandrogenism.

Me zai faru nan gaba? (Hasashen)

Yawancin cututtuka da ke haifar da hyperandrogenism suna buƙatar magani na tsawon rai. Wani lokaci, mata masu fama da hyperandrogenism saboda PCOS za su rasa nauyi mai yawa kuma PCOS ɗinsu zai tafi. Duk da haka, yawancin mutane za su buƙaci magani na tsawon rai don rage alamun hyperandrogenism.

Alamomin hyperandrogenism na iya shafar darajar kanka da lafiyar kwakwalwarka. Idan waɗannan alamomin suna sa ka ji damuwa, damuwa, da/ko baƙin ciki, yana da mahimmanci ka nemi taimako daga likitan tabin hankali ko mai ba da shawara.

Yaushe ya kamata in ga likita?

Idan an gano kana da hyperandrogenism kuma kana shan magani don hakan, za ka buƙaci ganin likita akai-akai don tabbatar da cewa maganinka yana aiki yadda ya kamata.

Idan hyperandrogenism yana shafar lafiyar kwakwalwarka, yana da mahimmanci ka ga likitan tabin hankali ko mai ba da shawara don taimako.

A ƙarshe, saƙon kai gida:

Hyperandrogenism cuta ce da ta zama ruwan dare a tsakanin mata. Alamominta na iya sa ka ji kunya da rashin jin daɗi. Amma ka tuna, ba kai kaɗai ba ne, kuma ana iya magance wannan matsalar. Yi magana da likitanka game da zaɓuɓɓukan magani. Haka kuma, idan yana shafar lafiyar kwakwalwarka, ka tabbata ka ga likitan tabin hankali ko mai ba da shawara. Kula da lafiyarka shine abu mafi mahimmanci.

Hyperandrogenism , Androgen, Testosterone, PCOS, Hirsutism, Kuraje, Rashin daidaiton hormonal, Lafiyar Mata, Rashin daidaiton hormonal