Mu kasance cikin koshin lafiya kafin mu yi rashin lafiya. Bari mu koyi daidai game da Kula da Rigakafi!

Shin yawanci kana zuwa wurin likita ne kawai lokacin da kake rashin lafiya? Ko kuma kana sha'awar hana rashin lafiya kafin ma ta faru? Wannan batu na biyu shine abin da muke kira 'Kula da Rigakafi'. A fannin magani, ana kiran wannan da 'Rigakafi'. A taƙaice, wannan yana nufin kulawa da shawarwarin da za mu iya samu don kasancewa cikin koshin lafiya da kuma rage haɗarin kamuwa da rashin lafiya.

Wannan kulawar rigakafi ba iri ɗaya ba ce ga kowa. Takamaiman gwaje-gwaje da jiyya da kuke buƙata za su dogara ne akan abubuwa da yawa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:

• shekarunka
• Tarihin lafiyarka (misali, cututtuka da suka gabata, tarihin iyali, da sauransu)
• Ko kai namiji ne ko mace
• Matsayin lafiyar ku a yanzu

Ta hanyar la'akari da duk waɗannan ne za ku yanke shawara kan wace irin kulawa ce ta rigakafi ta fi dacewa da ku.

To menene wannan kulawar rigakafi?

Duk muna buƙatar waɗannan ayyukan kulawa ta rigakafi a lokuta daban-daban a rayuwarmu. Ka yi tunanin, waɗannan abubuwa suna da mahimmanci tun daga ƙuruciya har zuwa tsufa. Ga wasu misalai:

• Ziyarar lafiya ta shekara-shekara
• Gwaje-gwajen jini na yau da kullun
• Magungunan rigakafi
• Gwaje-gwajen cutar kansa
• Rigakafin lokacin daukar ciki
• Kula da ido na rigakafi
• Kula da lafiyar hakori na rigakafi

Yaya muhimmancin ziyarar lafiya ta shekara-shekara?

Ko da kana cikin koshin lafiya, yana da muhimmanci ka ga likita akai-akai. Wannan shine abin da muke kira "ziyarar lafiya." Wannan yana bawa likitanka damar kula da lafiyarka gaba ɗaya. Sau nawa ya kamata ka je duba lafiyarka zai bambanta dangane da shekarunka.

Ka yi tunanin, yaro ɗan shekara 20 zai iya yin irin wannan gwajin lafiya sau ɗaya a kowace shekara uku. Amma, ga mutum ɗan shekara 50, yawanci kyakkyawan ra'ayi ne a yi irin wannan gwajin kowace shekara.

A wannan lokacin, likitan iyalinka (likitan kula da lafiyarka na farko - PCP) zai duba:

• Tsawo da nauyi
• Hawan jini
• Yawan bugun zuciya
• Aikin numfashi
• Zafin jiki `(Zafin jiki)`
• Idanu, kunnuwa, hanci, makogwaro da fata

Da wannan bayanin, likitanka zai iya ƙirƙirar tsarin lafiya wanda ya dace da kai. Don haka, kada ka rasa waɗannan duba lafiyar, ko?

Mu kare kanmu daga cututtuka ta hanyar alluran rigakafi!

Allurar rigakafi muhimmin bangare ne na kulawar rigakafi (prophylaxis). Suna iya kare mu daga cututtuka da cututtuka da aka saba gani. Waɗannan alluran rigakafin sun haɗa da:

• Allurar rigakafi ga yara:Musamman ma, alluran rigakafin da ke cikin jadawalin rigakafin yara da Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafi (CDC) ta ba da shawarar. Waɗannan alluran rigakafin suna taimakawa wajen kare cututtuka kamar tarin fuka, polio, kyanda, ƙuraje, rubella, da kuma ƙwayar cutar papilloma ta ɗan adam (HPV), wadda ke haifar da ciwon daji na mahaifa. Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a ba wa jaririnku waɗannan alluran rigakafin akan lokaci.
• Allurar rigakafi ta manya: Misalai sun haɗa da allurar mura da allurar rigakafin COVID-19. Akwai wasu alluran rigakafi da aka ba da shawarar dangane da shekarunka da lafiyarka. Yi magana da likitanka game da waɗannan.

Gwaje-gwajen Ciwon daji

Yanzu, ciwon daji wani abu ne da mutane da yawa ke tsoro. Amma wasu nau'ikan ciwon daji sun fi sauƙin magancewa kuma suna da yuwuwar warkewa idan aka gano su da wuri. Shi ya sa muke da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen farko da ake kira "Gwajin Ciwon daji." Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafi (CDC) ta ba da shawarar yin gwajin wasu nau'ikan ciwon daji akai-akai.

Ciwon nono

Yana da mahimmanci mata su yi gwajin mammogram akai-akai tun daga shekara 40. Waɗannan suna duba matsalolin da ke cikin nono. Idan kana cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansar nono, ƙila ka buƙaci fara waɗannan gwaje-gwajen tun kana ƙarami.

Idan wani a cikin iyalinka ya taɓa kamuwa da ciwon nono, kar ka manta ka gaya wa likitanka game da shi.

Ciwon daji na mahaifa

Duk wanda ke da cutar mahaifa ya kamata ya fara yin gwajin cutar tun yana da shekaru 25. Ana ba da shawarar a yi gwajin HPV duk bayan shekaru biyar da kuma a yi gwajin Pap duk bayan shekaru uku har sai ya kai shekara 65.

Ciwon daji na hanji (colon)

Masana sun ba da shawarar a yi gwajin colonoscopy bayan kowace shekara 10 , daga shekara 45 zuwa 75. Idan wani a cikin iyalinka ya taɓa samun irin wannan ciwon daji, za ka iya buƙatar yin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da wuri kuma akai-akai.

Ciwon daji na huhu

Masu shan taba, ko kuma waɗanda suka taɓa shan taba, ya kamata su yi la'akari da yin gwajin cutar kansar huhu kowace shekara. Wannan yana amfani da na'urar CT (Computed Tomography) don neman ƙari ko rashin lafiya a cikin huhu.

Likitan ku zai iya ba da shawarar wasu nau'ikan gwaje-gwaje, musamman idan kuna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da wani nau'in ciwon daji. Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen sun haɗa da:

• Sami ƙarin bayani game da nama na nono ta amfani da gwajin 'MRI na Nono (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)'.
• Gwajin jini mai suna `CA-125` yana duba wasu cututtukan daji, kamar su ovarian, fallopian tube, ko kuma pancreas cancer.
• Gwajin PSA don ciwon daji na prostate.

Waɗannan kawai jagorori ne na gabaɗaya, ko ba haka ba? Yi magana da likitanka don gano ainihin gwaje-gwajen da kake buƙata da kuma lokacin da ya kamata ka yi su.

Muhimmin kulawa ta rigakafi a lokacin daukar ciki

Ciki lokaci ne na kulawa ta musamman. A wannan lokacin, ƙila za ku buƙaci gwaje-gwaje don abubuwa kamar:

• Rashin jini
• Rashin jituwa tsakanin Rh factor
• Ciwon suga na lokacin daukar ciki
• Hawan jini a lokacin daukar ciki
• Cututtukan Urinary Tract (UTIs)
• Syphilis

Wasu muhimman matakan kariya yayin daukar ciki sune:

• Bitamin kafin haihuwa
• Ilimin shayarwa da shayarwa
• Gwajin Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
• Duban dan tayi na transvaginal
• Shawarar kwayoyin halitta

Duk wannan don lafiyarki ne da kuma ta jaririnki.

Kada ka manta da kula da idanunka!

Lafiyar ido wani bangare ne na lafiyarka gaba daya. Domin kiyaye kyakkyawan gani, kana bukatar a dinga duba idanunka akai-akai. Sau nawa ya kamata a yi maka wadannan gwaje-gwajen zasu bambanta dangane da yanayinka, don haka ya fi kyau ka nemi karin bayani daga likitan idonka.

Ya kamata mu kiyaye lafiyar haƙoranmu ma?

Wani muhimmin ɓangare na kula da lafiyayyen hakori shine kiyaye lafiyar hakori. Waɗannan abubuwan zasu iya taimakawa wajen hana matsalolin lafiyar baki faruwa tun farko:

• Gwajin Hakori: Likitan haƙori zai iya duba lafiyar haƙoranku da dashenku a wannan lokacin. Idan akwai wata matsala, magani da wuri zai iya hana manyan matsaloli tasowa.
• Tsaftace Hakora: Tabo da tartar suna taruwa a haƙoranku, wanda hakan zai iya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da raunuka da cututtukan dashen hakori. Tsaftace haƙora akai-akai yana cire waɗannan abubuwa masu cutarwa daga saman haƙoranku.
• Gwaje-gwajen cutar kansar baki: Yawancin likitocin haƙora suna kuma duba cutar kansar baki a duk lokacin ziyara. Suna neman alamun cutar a cikin bakinka da kewaye.
• Ilimin tsaftace baki: Likitan haƙori ko likitan tsaftace hakori zai iya koya muku yadda ake goge haƙoranku da kuma goge hakora yadda ya kamata, don ku iya kiyaye lafiyar haƙoranku da dashenku a tsakanin ziyara.

Kada ka jira har sai ka ji ciwon hakori kafin ka je ganin likitan hakori, ko?

To yaushe ya kamata a yi waɗannan gwaje-gwajen kula da lafiya?

Fannin likitanci yana ci gaba da bunƙasa, haka nan kuma jagororin kula da lafiya na rigakafi. Likitan ku shine mafi kyawun mutum da zai iya tambaya game da gwaje-gwaje da jiyya da kuke buƙata, da kuma lokacin da za ku yi amfani da su. Zai yi la'akari da shekarun ku, tarihin lafiyar ku, da yanayin da kuke ciki a yanzu don ba ku shawara mafi kyau.

Shin waɗannan inshora ce ta rufe su?

Shirye-shiryen inshora da yawa suna biyan ayyukan kiwon lafiya na rigakafi ba tare da ƙarin kuɗi ba. Duk da haka, ainihin ɗaukar nauyin na iya bambanta dangane da dalilai kamar shekarunka. Don haka yana da kyau ka tuntuɓi kamfanin inshorar ka don gano ainihin cikakkun bayanai game da shirin ka.

A ƙarshe, abubuwan da za a tuna (Saƙon Ɗauka Gida)

Yawancin mutane suna ganin likita ne kawai lokacin da suke rashin lafiya. Duk da haka, ganin likita ko da lokacin da kake lafiya zai iya rage yawan lokacin da kake rashin lafiya. Kula da rigakafi yana taimaka wa likitanka ya fahimci lafiyarka gaba ɗaya kuma ya ba da shawarar magunguna da suka dace da kai.

Ko kai ƙarami ne, ko sabuwar uwa, ko kuma babba da zai shiga wani shekaru goma na rayuwa, kulawar rigakafi na iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da wasu cututtuka.

Gaskiya ne cewa ba za ka iya hana komai ba. Amma, waɗannan abubuwan da ake kira ''Prophylaxis'' ko kulawar rigakafi suna ba ka mafi kyawun damar kasancewa cikin koshin lafiya da kuma rayuwa mai kyau.

Don haka, maimakon jira har sai ka yi rashin lafiya, yi magana da likitanka a yau ka koyi game da kulawar rigakafi da kake buƙata. Zai taimaka maka sosai!

Kula da Rigakafi, Rigakafi, Kula da Rigakafi, Duba Lafiya, Allurar Rigakafi, Gwaje-gwajen Ciwon Daji, Rayuwa Mai Kyau