Shin gwajin jini na baya-bayan nan ya nuna cewa matakin cholesterol ɗinka ya ɗan yi yawa? Shin ka ji ɗan tsoro da damuwa lokacin da ka ga cewa matakin "mummunan cholesterol" ko LDL ɗinka ma ya yi yawa? Idan haka ne, likitanka zai iya ba ka umarnin fara shan nau'in magani na 'Statin'. Don haka a yau, bari mu yi magana a takaice game da 'Statins', waɗanda suke da mahimmanci ga mutane da yawa.
To, menene waɗannan 'Statins'?
A taƙaice dai, 'Statins' wani nau'in magani ne da likitoci ke rubutawa don rage yawan sinadarin cholesterol a cikin jinin mutum, musamman ma "mummunan" cholesterol.
Idan muka yi magana game da cholesterol, koyaushe muna jin labarin nau'ikan biyu, ko ba haka ba?
1. LDL (Ƙarancin Lipoprotein Mai Yawan Yawan Kitse): Wannan shine abin da muke kira "mummunan" cholesterol . Ka yi tunanin jijiyoyin jininka a matsayin bututun da ke ɗauke da ruwa. Abin da wannan LDL cholesterol ke yi shi ne yana taruwa kamar mai a cikin bututun, yana rage hanyar da jini zai iya kwarara a hankali. Wasu nau'ikan 'statins' na iya rage wannan mummunan cholesterol da kashi 50% ko fiye.
2. HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein): Wannan shine abin da muke kira "kyakkyawan" cholesterol . Yana ɗaukar mummunan cholesterol wanda ya taru a cikin jijiyoyin jini kuma yana kai shi hanta don a cire shi daga jiki. Kamar mai tattara shara ne.
Statins ba wai kawai suna rage mummunan cholesterol na LDL ba, har ma suna taimakawa wajen rage triglycerides, wani nau'in kitse a cikin jini, kuma suna ƙara ɗan ƙaramin matakan cholesterol na HDL mai kyau.
Ana rubuta waɗannan magunguna sau ɗaya a rana, a lokaci guda. Wasu magungunan statin suna aiki mafi kyau idan aka sha da daddare. Wannan saboda jikinmu yana samar da ƙarin cholesterol da dare. Duk da haka, wasu sabbin magungunan statin suna aiki daidai idan aka sha su a kowane lokaci na rana. Likitanka zai yi maka bayani game da wannan.
Ta yaya wannan maganin yake aiki a cikin jiki?
Wannan labari ne mai ban sha'awa sosai. Ka yi tunanin cewa hantarka ita ce babbar masana'antar da ke samar da cholesterol. A gaskiya ma, kashi 75% na cholesterol da jikinmu ke buƙata yana samarwa ne a cikin hanta. Sauran kuma yana fitowa ne daga abincin da muke ci.
Don haka, hanta tana da wani enzyme wanda yake da mahimmanci ga wannan tsarin samar da cholesterol. Ana kiransa da `HMG-CoA reductase`. Maganin `Statin` yana aiki kamar mai tsaron ƙofa, yana toshe enzyme `HMG-CoA reductase` daga isa ga hanta. Sannan hanta ta rasa wani abu da take buƙata don samar da cholesterol. Sakamakon haka, adadin cholesterol da hanta ke samarwa yana raguwa sosai. Shin kun fahimta?
A taƙaice dai, 'Statin' magani ne da ke rage yawan mummunan cholesterol a cikin jini ta hanyar hana samar da cholesterol a cikin hanta.
Me yasa muke buƙatar 'Statins'?
Babban dalilin shine rage haɗarin kamuwa da bugun zuciya da bugun jini.
Kamar yadda na fada a baya, idan mummunan cholesterol ya karu a cikin jini, yana taruwa a bangon jijiyoyin jini. A fannin magani, muna kiran wannan 'Atherosclerosis' . Cholesterol da ke taruwa ta wannan hanyar ana kiransa 'plaque'. Wannan yana rage sararin da ke cikin jijiyoyin jini kuma yana hana kwararar jini.
Ka yi tunanin me zai faru idan jijiyar da ke samar da jini ga zuciya ta toshe haka? Zuciya ba ta samun iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki da take buƙata. Wannan yana haifar da bugun zuciya. Kuma idan wannan 'plaque' ya fashe a cikin jijiyar da ke samar da jini ga kwakwalwa kuma ya sami gudan jini, yana haifar da bugun jini.
Statins suna rage cholesterol, wanda hakan ke rage haɗarin waɗannan yanayi masu haɗari.
Waɗanne nau'ikan 'statins' ne aka fi amfani da su?
Akwai nau'ikan magungunan 'statins' da dama. Likitanka zai rubuta maka nau'in da ya fi dacewa da kai, idan aka yi la'akari da yanayin lafiyarka, matakin cholesterol, da sauran abubuwa.
| Sunan gama gari na 'Statin' | Sunayen Alamomi Na Yau Da Kullum |
|---|---|
| Atorvastatin | Lipitor®, Caduet® |
| Rosuvastatin | Crestor®, Ezallor Sprinkle® |
| Simvastatin | Zocor®, Vytorin® (tare da ezetimibe) |
| Pravastatin | Pravachol® |
| Lovastatin | Mevacor® |
| Fluvastatin | Lescol® |
Wani lokaci ana samun 'statin' a cikin kwayar magani ɗaya tare da wani magani. Misali, wani magani mai suna ezetimibe tare da simvastatin.
Wanene aka ba da shawarar shan 'Statins'?
Likita zai rubuta maka statin bisa ga haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya gaba ɗaya. Wannan ya dogara da abubuwa da yawa, ciki har da shekarunka, jinsi, tarihin iyali, da kuma ko kana shan taba. Yawanci ana ba da shawarar Statins ga waɗannan mutane:
- Ga waɗanda ba za su iya rage yawan cholesterol ɗinsu ba (musamman matakan LDL sama da 190 mg/dL) duk da abinci da motsa jiki .
- Ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon suga da kuma tsakanin shekaru 40-75, waɗanda ke da matakan LDL cholesterol sama da 70 mg/dL.
- Ga waɗanda suka riga sun kamu da ciwon zuciya, bugun jini, ko cutar jijiyoyin jini ta gefe (PAD) .
- Ga mutanen da ke tsakanin shekaru 40-75 waɗanda ke da matakin LDL sama da 70 mg/dL, waɗanda ke cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya.
- Idan wani a cikin iyali (iyaye, 'yan'uwa) ya taɓa samun ciwon zuciya tun yana ƙarami kuma yana da yawan cholesterol.
Akwai wani illa ga wannan?
Wannan matsala ce ga mutane da yawa. Gaskiya ne cewa, kamar kowace magani, statins na iya samun illa. Amma abu mafi mahimmanci shine yawancin mutane ba sa fuskantar wata illa. Ko da ƙananan illolin da ke faruwa za su ɓace yayin da ake ci gaba da maganin.
| Sakamako mara kyau | Bayani |
|---|---|
| Illolin da aka saba gani (yawanci ba su da tsanani) | |
| Ciwon tsoka da haɗin gwiwa | Wannan shine mafi yawan rahotannin illa. Yana iya jin kamar ciwo na gaba ɗaya. |
| Ciwon kai | Ƙaramin ciwon kai na iya faruwa. |
| Matsalolin tsarin narkewar abinci | Tashin zuciya, kumburin ciki, amai, ko maƙarƙashiya na iya faruwa. |
| Ba kasafai ake ganin mummunan sakamako ba (yana buƙatar shawarar likita) | |
| Lalacewar hanta | Alamomi kamar launin rawaya na idanu (jaundice), fitsari mai duhu, da kuma gajiya mai tsanani. |
| Rhabdomyolysis | Wannan yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba . Alamomin sun hada da ciwo mai tsanani a cikin maƙogwaro, rauni, da kuma fitsari mai launin baƙi. |
| Ƙara yawan sukari a jini | Wannan haɗarin zai iya ƙaruwa kaɗan a cikin waɗanda ke cikin haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon suga. |
Muhimmi: Idan ka fuskanci wata illa, kada ka daina shan maganinka da kanka. Abu mafi kyau da za ka yi shi ne ka yi magana da likitanka game da shi. Za ka iya magance matsalar ta hanyar canza nau'in statin da kake sha ko kuma ta hanyar daidaita yawan shan.
Akwai mutanen da bai kamata su sha magungunan statin ba?
Eh. Ba a ba da shawarar shan Statins ga mata masu juna biyu, uwaye masu shayarwa, da kuma mutanen da ke da wasu cututtukan hanta masu tsanani ba. Ya kamata ku kuma gaya wa likitanku game da duk wani magani da kuke sha. Ruwan 'ya'yan itace, musamman ruwan inabi da rumman, na iya hulɗa da wasu magungunan statin, don haka ku tambayi likitanku game da hakan ma.
Me zai faru idan ka daina shan maganin?
Da zarar ka daina shan statin, matakan cholesterol dinka suna komawa inda suke. Wannan yana nufin cewa hadarin kamuwa da bugun zuciya da bugun jini zai sake karuwa. Don haka yawanci magani ne na tsawon rai.
Lokacin da za a ga likita nan take
Idan kun fuskanci ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun yayin shan statin, nemi shawarar likita nan da nan.
- Idan kana jin zafi mai tsanani ko rauni a tsokoki ko gidajenka.
- Idan kana da ciwon jiki tare da zazzaɓi .
- NakuIdan idanunka ko fatarka suka yi launin rawaya (jaundice).
- Idan fitsarinka ya yi duhu kamar ruwan ganyen shayi .
A irin wannan yanayi, ya fi kyau a je sashin kula da gaggawa na asibiti (ETU).
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Statins rukuni ne mai tasiri sosai na magunguna waɗanda ke rage mummunan cholesterol (LDL) kuma suna rage haɗarin kamuwa da bugun zuciya da bugun jini.
- Wannan maganin yana aiki ta hanyar dakatar da hanta daga samar da cholesterol.
- Ko da kuwa kana shan statin, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka ci gaba da cin abinci mai kyau da motsa jiki. Kada ka ɗauka cewa kawai saboda kana shan magani, za ka iya cin duk abin da kake so.
- Idan ka fuskanci wata illa, yi magana da likitanka ba tare da ka daina shan maganin ba.
- Kada ka daina shan statin ba tare da shawarar likita ba, domin hakan zai sake ƙara haɗarin lafiyarka.
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