E aʻo kākou e pili ana i kou pepeiao. (Pepeiao) - He mea nui ia no ko kākou lohe a me ke kaulike!

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i ke ʻano kupaianaha o ka hana ʻana o ko kākou mau pepeiao? ʻAʻole lākou he mau ʻāpana ʻelua wale nō ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ko kākou poʻo, he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi lākou o ko kākou kino e kōkua iā kākou e lohe a mālama i ko kākou kaulike. E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia i kēia lā, no ka mea, he mea nui loa ka mālama ʻana i ko kākou mau pepeiao i ke olakino.

He aha nā hana nui o ka pepeiao? E kahaha auaneʻi ʻoe!

ʻElua mau hana nui a ko kākou mau pepeiao: ka lohe ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ke kaulike . He mea nui kēia mau mea ʻelua i ko kākou ola o kēlā me kēia lā, ʻeā?

Pehea e hana ai ka lohe?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, eia ka mea e hana ʻia:

1. Komo nā nalu kani i kou pepeiao waho, hele ma ke kahawai pepeiao, a pā i ka eardrum (tympanic membrane) . A laila haʻalulu ka eardrum.

2. Hoʻoili ʻia kēia haʻalulu i ʻekolu mau iwi liʻiliʻi loa ma ka pepeiao waena - a mākou e kapa nei hoʻi he ossicles . Hoʻonui iki kēia mau iwi ʻekolu i ke kani a hoʻouna aku i ka pepeiao o loko.

3. I loko o ka pepeiao o loko, aia nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi e like me ka lauoho e hopu ana i nā haʻalulu leo. I kekahi manawa ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he stereocilia . Hoʻololi kēia mau ʻāpana i nā haʻalulu leo ​​i nā hōʻailona uila.

4. ʻO ka hope loa, hele kēia mau hōʻailona uila ma nā olonā nerve i kou lolo, kahi e unuhi ʻia ai lākou he kani. ʻAʻole anei he mea kupaianaha?

Pehea e kōkua ai ka pepeiao i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaulike?

Ua manaʻo anei ʻoe e kōkua wale nā ​​pepeiao iā kākou i ka lohe? ʻAʻole, he kuleana nui ko nā pepeiao i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaulike o ko kākou kino.

Aia i loko o kou pepeiao kahi ʻāpana i kapa ʻia ʻo nā kahawai semicircular . Aia i loko o kēia mau mea nā mea ʻike wai a lahilahi e like me ka lauoho. Ke hoʻoneʻe ʻoe i kou poʻo, e nānā i luna a i lalo paha, neʻe ka wai i loko o kēia mau kahawai i kēlā ʻaoʻao. A laila kūlou nā mea ʻike e like me ka lauoho lahilahi i ka pane ʻana i kēlā neʻe ʻana.

ʻO kēia ʻike, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ʻike e pili ana i ke kūlana o kou poʻo, e hele ana ma ke aʻalolo vestibular i ka lolo. A laila hoʻouna ka lolo i nā hōʻailona i kou mau ʻiʻo, e kōkua iā ʻoe e noho kaulike a ʻaʻole e hāʻule. E noʻonoʻo i ke koʻikoʻi o kēia i kou wā e hele ana, e holo ana, a e hula ana paha!

Ua ʻike pono anei ʻoe i kahi o kou mau pepeiao?

He mea kēia a ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i ʻike ai. Aia kou mau pepeiao ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o kou poʻo. I ka pololei, aia lākou ma luna o kahi ʻāpana o kou lolo i kapa ʻia ʻo ka temporal lobe . ʻO kēia ʻāpana o ka lolo ke kuleana no ka lohe, ka ʻōlelo, ka hoʻomanaʻo, a me kekahi mau manaʻo.

He aha nā ʻāpana o ka pepeiao? E hoʻokaʻawale anei kākou iā ia ma kēlā ʻāpana kēia ʻāpana?

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pepeiao i ʻekolu ʻāpana nui, e like me nā lumi o ka hale.

1. Pepeiao waho `(pepeiao waho / pepeiao waho)`

2. Pepeiao waena

3. Pepeiao o loko

Hoʻokaʻawale kou eardrum (membrane tympanic) i ka pepeiao o waho mai ka pepeiao waena.

Pepeiao Waho - Ka pepeiao a kākou e ʻike nei!

ʻO ka pepeiao waho ka ʻāpana o ka pepeiao āu e ʻike ai ma waho. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e manaʻo pinepine ai ke ʻōlelo mākou "pepeiao". Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo ka auricle.Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi ka pinna ʻo ka eardrum . Hana ʻia ia me ke cartilage (e like me ka iwi palupalu) a me ka ʻili. Loaʻa pū kekahi i loko nā glands e huna ai i ka earwax, a i ʻole ka earwax . He mea pale ka earwax e pale aku i ka lepo a me nā ʻōpala. Hoʻopili ʻia ka pepeiao waho i ke kahawai pepeiao, ʻo ia kahi alahele ʻano funnel e alakaʻi ana i ka eardrum.

Pepeiao Waena - Ma hea nā iwi liʻiliʻi!

Hoʻomaka ka pepeiao waena ma ʻō aku o kou pahu pepeiao (membrane tympanic). Ua like ia me kahi keʻena liʻiliʻi i piha i ka ea. ʻEkolu mau iwi liʻiliʻi loa ma ʻaneʻi - ʻo ka malleus , ka incus, a me nā stapes. ʻO kēia nā iwi liʻiliʻi loa o ke kino kanaka! Ua kapa pū nā kauka i kēia mau iwi ʻekolu i nā ossicles . Ua pili kēia mau iwi e like me ke kaulahao a lawe i nā haʻalulu kani mai ka pahu pepeiao a i ka pepeiao o loko.

Eia kekahi, aia i kou pepeiao waena kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo nā ʻōmole Eustachian . Hoʻopili kēia mau ʻōmole i kou pepeiao waena i ke kua o kou puʻu. Ke ala ʻoe, ʻū, a moni paha, wehe a pani kēia mau ʻōmole e hoʻohālikelike i ke kaomi ea i loko o kou pepeiao me ke kaomi ma waho. Ke piʻi ʻoe i kahi mauna a lele paha i loko o kahi mokulele, ma muli o kēia ʻokoʻa kaomi e manaʻo ai kou mau pepeiao ua paʻa. No laila, ke ala ʻoe a moni paha i kahi mea, hele pololei ia, ʻeā? ʻO ia no kēia mau ʻōmole Eustachian.

Pepeiao o loko - ʻO ka ʻāpana paʻakikī loa!

ʻO ka pepeiao o loko ka ʻāpana paʻakikī a palupalu loa o ka pepeiao. ʻElua mau ʻano nui ma ʻaneʻi:

• ʻO Cochlea: ʻO kēia ke kino nui o ka lohe. Ua like kona ʻano me ka pūpū o ka nahe. I loko ona he ʻelua mau keʻena piha wai, kēlā me kēia me nā tausani o nā hunaola lauoho liʻiliʻi (ka stereocilia i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua). Ke komo ke kani , haʻalulu ka wai i loko o ke cochlea, e hoʻoulu ai i kēia mau hunaola lauoho liʻiliʻi e haʻalulu. Hoʻokumu kēia i nā impulses uila e hele ana i ka lolo.
• Nā ʻauwai hapa pōʻai: Ua kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia mau mea ma mua. ʻO kēia ke kuleana no ke kaulike. I kekahi manawa ua kapa ʻia lākou he labyrinthines . ʻOiai ua kū pololei kēia mau ʻauwai ʻekolu kekahi i kekahi, hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i ka neʻe ʻana o kou poʻo i kekahi ʻaoʻao.

He aha nā pilikia maʻamau e hoʻopilikia ai i nā pepeiao? E makaʻala kākou!

Hiki i ko kākou mau pepeiao ke loaʻa i nā maʻi like ʻole, nā maʻi ʻaʻai, a me nā pilikia. E nānā kākou i kekahi o lākou.

Nā maʻi pepeiao (maʻi pepeiao waena / otitis media)

ʻO nā maʻi pepeiao, ʻoiai nā maʻi pepeiao waena (otitis media), ka mea maʻamau i nā keiki ʻōpio. Akā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopilikia i nā pākeke. Loaʻa lākou i ka wā e hele ai nā bacteria a i ʻole nā ​​​​virus ma o ka ʻōmole Eustachian i loko o ka pepeiao waena, e hana ana i kahi paʻa. ʻO nā hōʻailona e komo pū me ka ʻeha pepeiao, ke kuni, a me ka nalowale iki o ka lohe.ʻO nā hōʻailona paha: Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia nā antibiotics ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau. I kekahi mau hihia koʻikoʻi a mau loa, pono paha e hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole liʻiliʻi ('ear tubes') i loko o ka pepeiao.

Ka hana pono ʻole o ka ʻōmole Eustachian

Hiki mai kēia kūlana ke hana pono ʻole nā ​​ʻōmole Eustachian a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua, ʻo ia hoʻi ua ālai pinepine ʻia lākou. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he hana ʻino o ka ʻōmole Eustachian . ʻAʻole i hoʻoponopono pono ʻia ke kaomi i loko o ka pepeiao. ʻO nā hōʻailona e komo pū me ka tinnitus (he kani kani), ka nalowale o ka lohe, kahi manaʻo o ka piha i loko o ka pepeiao, a i kekahi manawa ʻeha pepeiao . Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e nā mea e like me ke anu a me nā maʻi ʻaleka.

Pepeiao o ka mea ʻauʻau (Otitis externa)

Ua kapa pinepine ʻia kēia he "pepeiao ʻauʻau" no ka mea pinepine ia i nā poʻe e ʻauʻau ana i ka wai. Ua kapa nā kauka i kēia he otitis externa . He maʻi kēia o ka ʻili o ke kahawai pepeiao waho. Hiki ke hana ʻia e ka bacteria a i ʻole ka fungi. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻano inā komo ka wai i loko o ka pepeiao a ʻaʻole i hoʻokahe pono ʻia. ʻO nā hōʻailona e komo pū me ka ʻeha pepeiao, ka maneʻo, a i kekahi manawa ka wai e puka mai ana mai loko mai o ka pepeiao . Hiki nō hoʻi ke hana ʻia inā komo nā mea e like me ka hair spray i loko o ke kahawai pepeiao, a inā ua ʻeha ke kahawai pepeiao e nā ʻūpā pulupulu.

Mea nui: I ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i kou mau pepeiao, mai hoʻokomo i nā ʻūpā pulupulu a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻoi ʻē aʻe i loko o ke kahawai pepeiao. ʻO ka hana ʻana pēlā e hōʻino ai i ka pahu pepeiao a hoʻoulu i nā maʻi e like me kēia.

Pahu pepeiao i haki

Inā lilo kou pahu pepeiao (tympanic membrane) i perforated, ua kapa ʻia ia he pahu pepeiao i haki. ʻO ka maʻi pepeiao waena, kahi hahau i ka pepeiao, nā leo nui (e like me ka pahū nui), a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻē i paʻa i loko o ka pepeiao e hiki ke kumu i ka pahu pepeiao e haki. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka ʻeha pepeiao koke a koʻikoʻi, ka nalowale o ka lohe, a me kekahi kahe koko mai ka pepeiao . ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, e ho'ōla ponoʻī kahi pahu pepeiao i haki i loko o kekahi mau pule. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa, pono paha nā kauka e hana i kahi hana ʻoki i kapa ʻia he tympanoplasty e hoʻoponopono ai.

ʻOtosclerosis

ʻO ka Otosclerosis kahi ulu ʻano ʻē o ka iwi a puni nā iwi liʻiliʻi (ossicles) i loko o kou pepeiao waena. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka haʻalulu ʻana o nā iwi me ka ʻole o ka maikaʻi. Pale kēia i ke kani mai ka hiki pono ʻana i ka pepeiao o loko, a hiki ke hoʻomaka ka nalowale o ka lohe. Hoʻopilikia pinepine ia i ka poʻe ʻōpio, a hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia i nā hanauna. Hiki ke mālama ʻia me ke kaʻina hana ʻoki (stapedectomy).

ʻO ka perichondritis

ʻO ka perichondritisHe maʻi ia o nā ʻiʻo a puni ke cartilage i loko o kou pepeiao waho (ka auricle). Hana pinepine ʻia kēia ma hope o ke kī ʻana i ka pepeiao, nā ʻeha haʻuki, nā nahu pepeke, a i ʻole ke ʻoki pepeiao. Lilo ka pepeiao i ʻulaʻula, pehu, a ʻeha . Pono kēia i ka mālama koke ʻana me nā antibiotics. A i ʻole, hiki ke hōʻino ʻia ke cartilage.

ʻO ka neuritis vestibular

ʻO ka neuritis vestibular kahi mumū o ke aʻalolo vestibular i loko o kou pepeiao i loko, kahi e kōkua ai i ke kaulike. Hiki ke hana ma hope o kahi maʻi viral. Loaʻa i ka poʻe me kēia maʻi ka dizziness koke a koʻikoʻi (vertigo), hiki ke hele pū me ka nausea a me ka luaʻi . ʻAʻole pilikia ka lohe ʻana. E kuhikuhi kāu kauka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau kino paha.

ka maʻi o Meniere

He maʻi mau kēia, a i ʻole e hoʻomau nei, e hoʻopilikia ana i ka pepeiao o loko. Ua manaʻo ʻia ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi Meniere e ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi wai i loko o ka pepeiao o loko. Hele mai a hele aku nā hōʻailona. ʻO nā hōʻailona nui ka vertigo (kahi manaʻo o ka wili ʻana), ke kani ʻana i nā pepeiao (tinnitus), ka nalowale o ka lohe (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā leo haʻahaʻa), a me ka manaʻo o ka piha i loko o ka pepeiao . ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, e hoʻomaikaʻi ia iā ia iho i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa no kekahi poʻe. Eia nō naʻe, i nā hihia koʻikoʻi, pono paha ke ʻoki ʻana.

Nā ʻeha pepeiao

Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻeha pepeiao mai nā ʻoki, nā haki, a me ka trauma blunt force. Hiki ke loaʻa kēia mau mea i ka wā o nā hakakā a i ʻole nā ​​​​ulia pōpilikia. Inā koʻikoʻi ka pōʻino, pono paha ke ʻoki ʻana e hoʻoponopono iā ia. Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me ke ʻoki ʻana e mālama i ka lohe a i ʻole ke ʻoki hoʻonaninani e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano o ka pepeiao.

Nā puʻupuʻu pepeiao

Hiki i nā ʻōpū pepeiao ke lilo i mea ʻaʻai ʻole (benign) a i ʻole ke kanesa (malignant).

• Nā ulu ʻaʻole he maʻi ʻaʻai: Keloids (nā puʻupuʻu i loaʻa i kekahi poʻe a puni nā ʻoki pepeiao), nā cysts sebaceous, osteomas, a me exostoses (nā ulu iwi ma ka pepeiao, ʻoiai hoʻi i ka poʻe e hoʻolilo pinepine ana i ka manawa i ka wai anuanu). Pono e wehe ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻoki kino.
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai: ʻO nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka pepeiao, ʻo ia ka melanoma, ka basal cell carcinoma, a me ka squamous cell carcinoma . Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kekahi mau kumu, me ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, kona pae, a inā ua pālahalaha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

He aha nā hōʻailona maʻamau o nā maʻi pepeiao? E makaʻala i kēia mau mea!

Aia kekahi mau hōʻailona e hōʻike ana he hewa kekahi mea me kou pepeiao. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau mea, he mea maikaʻi ke ʻike ʻana i ke kauka.

• ʻEha pepeiao.
• Manaʻo e like me he maʻi pepeiao kou (kuni, ʻulaʻula o ka pepeiao).
• Pepeiao paʻa, manaʻo piha.
• Ka nalowale o ka lohe a i ʻole ke kani ʻana o nā pepeiao.
• Pepeiao maneʻo (inā e ʻūlū pinepine ʻia).
• Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi (ʻoi aku hoʻi inā hele pū me ka dizziness).
• He wai, he hū, a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana o ke koko mai ka pepeiao mai.
• Ke kani ʻana i nā pepeiao (tinnitus).

He aha nā hoʻokolohua a nā kauka e hoʻohana ai e nānā i kou mau pepeiao?

Ke hele ʻoe i ke kauka no ka pilikia pepeiao, e hoʻohana lākou i nā ʻano hana like ʻole e nānā ai i kou mau pepeiao. ʻO kekahi mau hoʻokolohua lohe maʻamau:

• Hoʻāʻo leo maʻemaʻe: He hoʻāʻo lohe maʻalahi loa kēia. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻoe i nā headphone a noi ʻia e hāpai i kou lima a kaomi paha i kahi pihi ke lohe ʻoe i kahi moʻo o nā beeps palupalu. Hiki i kēia i ke kauka ke hoʻoholo i ka pitch haʻahaʻa loa hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe ma nā ikaika a me nā alapine like ʻole.
• Nā hoʻāʻo pepeiao waena: Hiki i kēia mau hoʻāʻo ke nānā i ka neʻe ʻana o kou pahu pepeiao, pehea ke ʻano o ke kaomi i loko o kou pepeiao waena, a inā ua haki kou pahu pepeiao. ʻO Tympanometry kekahi o ia mau hoʻāʻo.
• Hoʻāʻo ʻōlelo: I kekahi manawa, hāʻawi ʻia paha ʻoe i kahi hoʻāʻo ʻōlelo e ʻike ai i kou lohe maikaʻi ʻana i nā huaʻōlelo a inā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo pono a hana hou iā lākou.
• Pane lolo pepeiao (ABR): Ma kēia hoʻāʻo, e kau kāu kauka i nā electrodes liʻiliʻi ma kou poʻo a ma hope o kou mau pepeiao. A laila, e hoʻokani lākou i nā leo like ʻole ma o nā headphone a ʻike pehea e pane ai kou aʻalolo lohe a me ka lolo i kēlā mau leo. Hana pinepine ʻia kēia no nā keiki ʻōpio a i ʻole no ka poʻe i pilikia me ka hoʻāʻo lohe maʻamau.
• Nā hoʻokuʻu ʻana otoacoustic (OAEs): Ke ana kēia hoʻāʻo i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola lauoho i loko o kou pepeiao o loko, ʻo ia hoʻi ka cochlea. Ke komo ke kani i loko o ka pepeiao o loko, hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi leo liʻiliʻi loa mai ka cochlea olakino (i kapa ʻia he otoacoustic emission, a i ʻole OAE). Ana ʻia kēia leo ma ke kau ʻana i kahi microphone liʻiliʻi i loko o kou pepeiao. Inā he nui kou pohō lohe, ʻaʻole e hana ʻia kēia mau OAE. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou e hoʻāʻo i ka lohe o nā pēpē hānau hou.

Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke mālama i koʻu mau pepeiao i ke olakino? He mea nui loa kēia nou!

E hahai i kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo maʻalahi e mālama i kou mau pepeiao i ke olakino no ke ola holoʻokoʻa:

• E hoʻomaloʻo i kou mau pepeiao: I ka ʻauʻau ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻauʻau ʻana, e hoʻāʻo e hōʻemi i ka nui o ka wai e komo i loko o kou mau pepeiao. Inā komo ka wai i loko, e hoʻohana i nā pani pepeiao. Inā komo ka wai, e hoʻohuli i kou poʻo i ka ʻaoʻao e hoʻokahe i waho.
• Mai hoʻohana i nā ʻūpā pulupulu e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kou kahawai pepeiao! He hewa kēia a ka poʻe he nui e hana ai. Hiki i nā ʻūpā pulupulu ke hoʻokuke i ka wax i loko a hōʻino i ka eardrum. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka pepeiao iā ia iho. Inā nui loa ka wax, e haʻi i ke kauka.
• E komo i nā mea pale: E komo i ka pale e like me ka mahiole i ka wā e pāʻani ai i nā haʻuki pili a i ʻole e hana ana i kahi hana e hiki ai ke hōʻino i kou mau pepeiao.
• E hoʻolohe me ka leo haʻahaʻa: I ka hoʻolohe ʻana i ke mele a i ʻole ka nānā ʻana i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni me nā headphone a i ʻole nā ​​​​earphone, mai hoʻokiʻekiʻe loa i ka leo. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka walaʻau nui hiki ke hoʻopilikia mau i ka lohe.
• E pale iā ʻoe iho mai nā walaʻau nui: Inā ʻoe ma nā wahi me nā walaʻau nui, e like me kahi hale hana a i ʻole kahi ʻaha mele, e komo i nā plug pepeiao a i ʻole nā ​​​​lako pale ʻē aʻe.
• E nānā pinepine i kou mau pepeiao e ke kauka: E nānā i kou mau pepeiao e ke kauka ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki, a i ʻole inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli i kou mau pepeiao.

Leka Lawe-Home

Ua maopopo paha iā ʻoe i kēia manawa ʻaʻole he ʻōkana wale nō ko kākou mau pepeiao. He mea nui lākou no ka lohe ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ke kaulike i loko o ke kino. Ua like lākou me nā mīkini liʻiliʻi a paʻakikī. No laila, ʻo kou kuleana ke mālama pono i kou mau pepeiao a hōʻoia ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻino ʻia.

Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me ka ʻeha pepeiao, ke kani ʻana o nā pepeiao (tinnitus), ka nalowale o ka lohe, a i ʻole ka poniuniu, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā lākou. E ʻike koke i ke kauka. Hiki iā ia ke ʻike i ke kumu o kou pilikia a kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau kūpono. E hoʻomanaʻo, he mea nui loa kou mau pepeiao iā ʻoe! E mālama iā lākou.