Makemake pū ʻoe e ʻike pono i ke ʻano o nā Mast Cells? E kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana i kēia!

ʻAʻole paha ʻoe i lohe i ka inoa ʻo 'Mast Cells' ma mua, ʻeā? Akā, he ʻano nui kēia o nā cell e pale ana i ko kākou kino. E like me nā kiaʻi liʻiliʻi i loko o ko kākou kino. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa ke pīhoihoi iki kēia mau kiaʻi, pilikia kākou. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou me nā kikoʻī, me ka maʻalahi loa, e pili ana i ke ʻano o kēia mau mast cell, pehea lākou e hana ai i loko o ko kākou kino, a me nā kūlana e hiki ai iā lākou ke hana.

He aha nā Mast Cells?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he mau koa kūikawā nā pūnaewele mast i loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale . Hana ʻia lākou i loko o ko mākou iwi iwi . A laila hele lākou ma o ko mākou kahe koko a noho i loko o nā ʻiʻo like ʻole ma ke kino. E like me nā kiaʻi i hoʻonoho ʻia ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka ʻāina, ua hoʻonoho ʻia kēia mau pūnaewele mast ma nā wahi like ʻole o ko mākou kino, mākaukau e pale iā mākou mai nā hoʻoweliweli o waho. Hiki iā lākou ke hakakā i nā maʻi like ʻole a kōkua i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hana o nā ʻōpū o ko mākou kino.

Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa lilo kēia mau pūnaewele mast i mea palekana loa a hoʻomaka e pane i nā mea i ʻino ʻole iā mākou. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā maʻi allergies kau a i ʻole ka hānō maʻi, ʻo kekahi kumu no kēia ma muli o ka hana o nā pūnaewele mast. I kekahi mau hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o nā pūnaewele mast ke hana i kahi hopena allergies koʻikoʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo anaphylaxis . No laila he mea nui e makaʻala i kēia.

He aha ka hana a nā pūnaewele mast i ko mākou kino?

Hana nā pūnaewele mast e like me ka 'ʻōnaehana makaʻala' o ko mākou kino. Mālama lākou i ko mākou kino mai nā mea komo hewa o waho, e like me nā pathogens e like me nā virus, bacteria a me nā parasites , a me nā toxins e like me ka venom nahesa a me ka venom pi. Kaua pū lākou i nā mea a lākou e manaʻo ai he mea ʻino, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole. ʻO ia ka manawa e loaʻa ai iā mākou nā hopena allergies .

ʻAʻole e like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻole luku pololei nā hunaola mast i nā pathogens. Akā, noho kiaʻi lākou i loko o ko kākou mau ʻiʻo, e kali ana i kahi hōʻailona ua komo kahi mea ʻino i loko o ke kino.

Pehea e hana ai nā pūnaewele mast?

E noʻonoʻo i kahi mea āu e makemake ʻole ai, no ka laʻana, kahi ʻāpana lepo, pollen, a i ʻole kahi meaʻai āu e maʻi ai, e komo i loko o kou kino. ʻO kekahi ʻano cell kūikawā i loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale, i kapa ʻia ʻo B cells, e ʻike i kēia mea hoʻouka. Ke ʻike lākou iā ia, hoʻomaka lākou e hana i nā protein kūikawā, i kapa ʻia ʻo antibodies, e hakakā iā ia. ʻO nā antibodies kikoʻī i hana ʻia i kēia manawa ua kapa ʻia ʻo Immunoglobulin E (IgE).ʻŌlelo ʻia.

Hoʻopili koke kēia mau antibodies IgE i nā mea loaʻa kikoʻī ma ka ʻili o nā cell mast, e like me ka maiʻuu o ka pōpoki. I ka manawa aʻe e komo hou mai ai ka mea hoʻouka like (e.g. pollen, lepo) i loko o ke kino, e hopu ka IgE ma nā cell mast iā ia.

ʻO ia ka manawa e "hoʻāla ʻia ai" nā pūnaewele mast. Ua like ia me ka leo hoʻāla ahi e kani ʻia ana.

Ke hoʻāla ʻia nā pūnaewele mast ma kēia ʻano, hoʻokuʻu koke lākou i kahi kemika i kapa ʻia ʻo histamine a me nā kemika ʻē aʻe he nui i mālama ʻia i loko o nā ʻeke liʻiliʻi (nā granules mālama) i loko o kēlā mau pūnaewele. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he degranulation .

ʻO kēia mau histamines a me nā kemika ʻē aʻe ke kumu o nā hōʻailona allergy. ʻO kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻonui ʻia ko mākou mau kīʻaha koko, a hōʻiliʻili ka wai i loko o nā ʻiʻo a puni, e hoʻoulu ai i ka pehu . ʻAe kēia i nā ʻōnaehana pale e holo koke i kahi o ka maʻi, e lawe ana i nā mea hoʻouka kaua i nā lymph node e luku iā lākou.
• Hoʻonui ʻia ka hana ʻana o ka mucus (phlegm).
• Hoʻopaʻa nā ʻiʻo laumania i loko o ko kākou ʻōpū hanu a me ka ʻōnaehana gastrointestinal (nā ʻōpū) a hoʻāʻo e hoʻokuke i nā mea ʻino i waho me kahi neʻe e like me ka nalu (peristalsis).

Hiki i kēia mau mea ke hoʻolilo i kou ʻili i ʻulaʻula, pehu, a me ka maneʻo. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka ihu wai, ka ʻū, a i ʻole ke kuni. I kekahi manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka maʻi diarrhea a i ʻole ka luaʻi. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi loa, hiki i kēia kaʻina hana ke hoʻoulu i nā ala ea e pehu ai, e paʻakikī ai ka hanu ʻana, a e hoʻoulu ai i ka emi weliweli o ke koko, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka anaphylaxis koʻikoʻi, kahi maʻi hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

Nā pūnaewele mast a me ka homeostasis

Ma waho aʻe o ke kumu ʻana i nā maʻi allergies, kōkua nā cell mast i ke kaulike ʻana i nā kaʻina hana like ʻole i loko o ko mākou kino, ʻo ia hoʻi, mālama i kahi kūlana o 'homeostasis' . Eia kekahi mau laʻana:

• Ka ulu ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko.
• Ka ulu ʻana o ka iwi.
• Ka ulu ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o nā pūnaewele o ke ala hanu.

Aia ma hea nā pūnaewele mast i loko o ko kākou kino?

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, he kakaikahi loa nā hunaola mast i loko o ko kākou koko. I ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ua pili mākou i kahi mea ʻino ma ka hanu ʻana i loko, ka ʻai ʻana, a i ʻole ma o kahi ʻeha ʻili. ʻO ia ke kumu i loaʻa pinepine ai nā hunaola mast i loko o:

• I loko o ko kākou ʻōnaehana hanu a me nā māmā .
• ʻO kā mākou ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe (GI tract) (ʻōpū, naʻau).

Eia kekahi, aia kēia mau pūnaewele mast a puni ko mākou mau kīʻaha koko a me nā aʻalolo.

He aha nā ʻāpana o kahi pūnaewele mast?

Inā ʻoe e lawe i kahi pūnaewele mast, he nucleus kona ma waenakonu, ʻo ia ka "lolo" o ke kelepona. A puni kēia nucleus he mau haneli o nā ʻano liʻiliʻi e like me ka ʻeke i kapa ʻia he granules .Aia i loko o kēia mau granules kahi e mālama ʻia ai nā ʻelele kemika like ʻole (nā mea hoʻopili) . ʻO kēia mau ʻelele ka mea e hoʻouna i nā hōʻailona i ke kino e pane i ka wā e pili ai kekahi mea ʻino me ia. ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui o kēia mau kemika:

• Histamine: Ua kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia ma mua. Hoʻonui ia i nā kīʻaha koko, e ʻae ana i nā wai a me nā hunaola pale e komo i loko o nā ʻiʻo. Hoʻopaʻa pū ia i nā ala ea a me ke ala gastrointestinal, e hana ana i ka mucus e kōkua i ka hoʻokuke ʻana i nā pathogens.
• Nā Proteases: (Nā laʻana: tryptase, chymase, carboxypeptidase A). ʻO nā Proteases kahi ʻano enzyme e wāwahi i nā protein. Kōkua lākou i ka wāwahi ʻana i nā ʻiʻo pili, kahi e ʻae ai i nā cell immune e hiki maʻalahi i ka wahi.
• ʻO Cytokines/chemokines: He mau protein liʻiliʻi kēia e hōʻailona ana i nā pūnaewele pale ʻē aʻe e hana i nā kope hou aku o lākou iho, e hoʻopili i nā kīʻaha koko i hiki ke lawe ʻia nā pūnaewele pale i nā ʻiʻo, a e hoʻoulu i nā pūnaewele e hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻoponopono i nā wahi i hōʻino ʻia.
• Heparin: Pale kēia i ke koko mai ke kāpili ʻana, no laila kōkua ia i ka wehe ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko.

Nā mea hoʻokipa pūnaewele mast

He nui nā mea loaʻa like ʻole o nā pūnaewele mast ma ko lākou ʻili. He mau protein i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia kēia. E like me ke kī e kūpono ana i kahi laka, launa pū kēia mau mea loaʻa me nā protein hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e hoʻāla i nā pūnaewele mast.

ʻO kēia mau mea, ʻo ka mea loaʻa IgE, a mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, ʻo ia ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i nā pūnaewele mast nā mea loaʻa no nā ʻano antibodies ʻē aʻe (e.g., Immunoglobulin G / IgG) a no ka ʻike pololei ʻana i nā pathogens (e.g., Toll-like receptors).

He aha nā kūlana maʻamau e pili ana me nā pūnaewele mast?

ʻO kekahi o nā kūlana maʻamau a mākou e ʻike ai e pili ana i nā pūnaewele mast:

• Nā maʻi ʻaleka o ke kaiapuni (e.g., lepo, pollen, pet dander)
• Asthma
• Nā maʻi ʻaleka meaʻai
• Nā ʻūhū wela/ nā ʻūhū

Nā maʻi mast cell laha ʻole

Eia kekahi, aia kekahi mau kūlana kakaikahi e pili ana me nā pūnaewele mast:

• ʻO ka maʻi hoʻāla cell Mast (MCAS): He kūlana kēia, no ke kumu ʻole, e kū pinepine ai nā hōʻailona o ka allergy a i ʻole anaphylaxis.
• I kekahi manawa aia ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka helu o nā pūnaewele mast i loko o ke kino (Mastocytosis).
• ʻO ka alpha-tryptasemia hoʻoilina / hypertryptasemia ʻohana:He kūlana hoʻoilina kēia e kū mai ana i ka wā e kiʻekiʻe ai ke kino i nā pae o kahi enzyme i kapa ʻia ʻo tryptase, i hana ʻia e nā cell mast. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka nui o ka poʻe me kēia kūlana hoʻoilina nā hōʻailona.

He aha nā hōʻailona maʻamau o ka maʻi mast cell?

Hiki i ka histamine i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka maʻi mast cell ke hana i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• Ka loli ʻana o ka ʻili, ka ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole ka maneʻo.
• Pehu (edema) .
• Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana.
• ʻO ka anaphylaxis e hana hou ʻia.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia e ʻike ai i kēia mau kūlana?

Inā kānalua ke kauka he maʻi mast cell kou, hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua e like me kēia e ʻike ai inā ua hoʻāla ʻia kāu mau mast cell:

• Nā hoʻāʻo mimi.
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko.
• Nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka iwi iwi.
• Nā hoʻāʻo ʻili.

Hiki i ke kauka ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua ʻili allergies a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻokolohua koko e ʻike ai i nā mea hoʻonāukiuki. I kekahi manawa hiki i kahi lab ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua genetic e ʻike ai inā ua hoʻokumu ʻia kāu mau hōʻailona e kahi maʻi hoʻoilina.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia?

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi mast cell e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a me ke kumu o lākou. Hiki i ka mālama ʻana ke komo pū me:

• Ke pale nei i nā mea hoʻoulu allergies i ʻike ʻia.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kāohi i nā hōʻailona. Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me nā antihistamines , nā mea hoʻēmi waikawa, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻololi i ka leukotriene (e.g., montelukast).
• Nā mea hoʻopaʻa i nā pūnaewele mast. Kāohi kēia mau lāʻau i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā kemika e like me ka histamine mai nā pūnaewele mast.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi a mālama paha i ka anaphylaxis. ʻO kēia mau mea nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka epinephrine a me ka omalizumab .
• Lapaʻau Cytoreductive/chemotherapy . No nā hihia koʻikoʻi o ka mastocytosis, hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau chemotherapy i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa.

No laila, maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole paha nā pūnaewele mast?

Lohe wale ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e pili ana i nā mast cell ke hewa kekahi mea me lākou, no laila manaʻo paha ʻoe he mea maikaʻi ʻole nā ​​mast cell. Akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, kōkua lākou i ka pale ʻana i ko mākou kino mai nā mea komo ʻino a hoʻoponopono i ko mākou mau kino. No laila, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka manawa, maikaʻi lākou.

E noʻonoʻo, kani nā siren. Hōʻea ka hui palekana i ke kahua. Hoʻokani kāu mau cell mast i ka alarm, a holo wikiwiki kāu ʻōnaehana pale e hoʻopakele i ka lā. He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi lākou o ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino. Akā, hoʻolohe nui mākou i nā cell mast ke makemake nui lākou i kā lākou hana. Akā, hoʻoikaika pū lākou i kā mākou pale a kōkua i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ko mākou mau kīʻaha koko a me nā ʻōpū. No laila, i ka manawa aʻe e kihe ai ʻoe, he ihu wai, a i ʻole e ʻā iki, mai poina e hoʻomaikaʻi i kāu mau cell mast no ko lākou makaʻala!

Nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai i ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo

No laila, ʻo ka mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ai mai kēia mau mea a pau, ʻo ia ka mea he mau kiaʻi liʻiliʻi koʻikoʻi nā pūnaewele mast i loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale. Mālama lākou iā mākou mai nā maʻi like ʻole a me nā mea ʻawahia mai waho. Akā, i kekahi manawa ke lilo lākou i mea ʻoluʻolu loa, hiki iā lākou ke pane i nā mea ʻino ʻole, a hoʻoulu i nā maʻi e like me nā maʻi allergies.

Inā ʻoe e ʻike pinepine ana i nā hōʻailona allergy, e like me ka ʻili ʻānai, ka hives, ka ihu wai, ka ʻūhū ʻana, a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai, ʻo ia ke ʻike i ke kauka a loaʻa ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo me ka nānā ʻole ʻana. Mai hopohopo, aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loaʻa i kēia lā e hiki ke kōkua i ka kaohi ʻana i kēia mau kūlana.

Nā pūnaewele mast, ʻōnaehana pale, allergy, histamine, anaphylaxis, hana cell, nā hōʻailona