Ua ʻike koke anei ʻoe i kahi puʻupuʻu ma kou ʻāʻī? Malia paha ʻaʻole ʻoe i nānā nui iā ia no ka mea ʻaʻole ia he ʻeha. A i ʻole ke manaʻo mau nei ʻoe ua paʻa kou ihu a ua piha kou mau pepeiao? He mau hōʻailona paha kēia o ke anu maʻamau. Eia naʻe, inā hoʻomau kēia mau mea, he hōʻailona paha ia o kahi ʻano maʻi kanesa a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia lā, kahi e ulu ana ma ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ia mea me nā kikoʻī a me ka maʻalahi.
He aha ke Kanesa Nasopharyngeal?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he ʻano maʻi kanesa kakaikahi kēia e kū mai ana i loko o ko kākou poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻOiai he paʻakikī iki kona inoa, e maʻalahi ke hoʻomaopopo ke ʻike ʻoe i kahi e kū mai ai.
Hoʻomaka kēia maʻi ʻaʻai ma kahi ʻāpana o ko kākou kino i kapa ʻia ʻo `nasopharynx`. I kēia manawa ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe i ke ʻano o `nasopharynx`. E noʻonoʻo, ma hope o ko kākou ihu, e pololei, ma luna iki o ke kaupaku o ka waha, aia kahi hakahaka liʻiliʻi ma ke kumu o ke poʻo. Ma kahi e pili ai ka ihu a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ia ka mea a kākou e kapa aku nei ʻo `nasopharynx`. Ke hanu kākou ma o ko kākou ihu, hele ka ea ma kēia ʻāpana ma mua o ke komo ʻana i loko o nā māmā.
No laila, ʻo kēia 'Kanesa Nasopharyngeal' ka wā e hoʻomaka ai nā pūnaewele i loko o ka ʻāpana 'nasopharynx' e ulu ma ke ʻano ʻē a me ke kaohi ʻole. ʻO nā pūnaewele e ulu ana ma kēia ʻano e hōʻiliʻili a hana i nā puʻupuʻu kanesa. Hiki i kēia mau pūnaewele kanesa ke laha ma hope aku i nā lymph nodes i loko o ko kākou ʻāʻī, ke akepaʻa, nā māmā, a me nā iwi.
He aha nā ʻano nui o kēia maʻi kanesa?
Aia nā ʻano ʻiʻo like ʻole i loko o ko kākou 'nasopharynx'. Hana ʻia kēia mau ʻiʻo me nā ʻano cell like ʻole. No laila, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia maʻi kanesa e like me ke ʻano o nā cell i hana ʻia ai ke kanesa. Wahi a ka World Health Organization (WHO), aia ʻekolu ʻano nui o kēia kanesa.
| ʻAno maʻi kanesa (hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o WHO) | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| ʻO ka maʻi kanesa cell squamous Keratinizing (WHO ʻano 1) | I loko o kēia, ulu nā hunaola kanesa i loko o nā ʻiʻo e uhi ana i ka nasopharynx. Loaʻa i kēia mau hunaola kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo keratin. ʻO Keratin ka protein like i loaʻa i ko kākou lauoho a me nā kui. |
| ʻO ka maʻi kanesa squamous nonkeratinizing (WHO ʻano 2) | ʻAʻole i loko o kēia ʻano hunaola kanesa ka protein keratin. |
| ʻO ka carcinoma i hoʻokaʻawale ʻole ʻia a i ʻole ka carcinoma i hoʻokaʻawale ʻole ʻia (WHO type 3) | Ke nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope, ʻokoʻa loa ke ʻano o kēia mau ʻano hunaola kanesa mai nā hunaola olakino. Hiki i kēia ʻano hunaola kanesa ke ulu a laha koke. |
He mea maʻamau anei kēia maʻi kanesa?
Ma nā ʻāina e like me ʻAmelika, he mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano ma nā ʻāina ʻo ʻAsia Hikina Hema e like me Sri Lanka, ʻApelika ʻĀkau a me ka Hikina Waena. No laila, he mea nui loa iā kākou e makaʻala i kēia. Ma ke ʻano laulā, hiki ke loaʻa pinepine kēia maʻi kanesa i nā poʻe ʻōpio ma waena o 15-24 mau makahiki a me nā pākeke ma waena o 65-79 mau makahiki.
He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia maʻi kanesa?
ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo ka hōʻailona mua a kekahi me kēia maʻi kanesa e ʻike ai he puʻupuʻu ma ke kua a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻāʻī. Aia paha kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau puʻupuʻu. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻohe ʻeha. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mau puʻupuʻu i ka wā e laha ai ke kanesa i nā lymph nodes ma ka ʻāʻī, e hoʻoulu ai iā lākou e pehu.
Ma waho aʻe o kēlā, aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe e pono ʻoe e makaʻala.
- Nā pilikia pepeiao: Ke kani ʻana o nā pepeiao ('Tinnitus'), ka nalowale o ka lohe, ke kaumaha o ka pepeiao, a me nā maʻi pepeiao pinepine ʻaʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia me ka mālama ʻia.
- ʻEha poʻo: ʻEha poʻo mau.
- Nā pilikia ihu: Ka ihu paʻa mau a me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko ihu.
- Nā pilikia o ka waha a me ke alo: Paʻakikī i ka wehe ʻana i ka waha, ʻeha a ʻāʻī paha i ka maka.
- Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana a me ka ʻōlelo ʻana: I kekahi manawa paʻakikī paha iā ʻoe ke hanu ʻana a ʻōlelo paha.
ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ia ka like pinepine o kēia mau hōʻailona me nā maʻi liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe (e laʻa, ke anu, ka maʻi pepeiao). No laila, mai makaʻu ʻoe ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi kanesa no ka mea he hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha o kēia mau mea. Eia nō naʻe, inā hoʻomau kēia mau hōʻailona no nā pule ʻelua a ʻoi aku paha, a inā hele mai a hele aku lākou, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke ʻike ʻana i ke kauka no ka ʻōlelo aʻo.
He aha nā kumu pilikia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia maʻi kanesa?
ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo pololei i ke kumu o kēia maʻi kanesa,Ua ʻike nā kauka i kekahi mau kumu e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi kanesa. E nānā kākou i ke ʻano o lākou.
| Kumu pilikia | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| Puhi paka a me ka waiʻona | ʻO ka poʻe e puhi nui ana a hoʻohana paha i nā huahana paka ʻē aʻe a me ka poʻe e inu mau ana i ka waiʻona he nui ko lākou pilikia. |
| ʻO ka maʻi Epstein-Barr (EBV) | ʻO kēia ka maʻi like e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi `mononucleosis`. Loaʻa pinepine kēia maʻi i loko o ke kino o nā maʻi me ka `Nasopharyngeal Cancer`. |
| ʻAi | ʻO ka ʻai mau ʻana i nā meaʻai i hoʻōla ʻia me ka paʻakai e hoʻonui i ka pilikia. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe e ʻai mau ana i ka ʻiʻo a me ka iʻa i hoʻōla ʻia me ka paʻakai (e like me ka iʻa maloʻo a me nā ʻoysters). |
| Nā kumu kaiapuni | ʻO ka hoʻopili pinepine ʻana i nā mea e like me ka lepo lāʻau a me ka uahi hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia. |
| Moʻolelo ʻohana a me nā genetics | Inā ua loaʻa kekahi o kou ʻohana pili i kēia maʻi kanesa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana iā ʻoe. |
| Lāhui a me ke kāne | ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe e noho ana ma nā wahi e like me ʻAsia Hikina Hema, Kina hema, a me ʻApelika ʻākau. Eia kekahi, ʻekolu manawa ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi kanesa i nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. |
Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai kēia maʻi kanesa?
Ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka, e nīnau mua ʻo ia iā ʻoe e pili ana i kou mau hōʻailona a me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana. A laila e hana ʻo ia i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino piha. E nānā ʻo ia i kou nasopharynx, ke poʻo, ka ʻāʻī, ka waha, ka ʻāʻī, ka ihu, nā ʻiʻo o ka maka, a me nā lymph node. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻāʻo i kou lohe.
Eia kekahi, hiki ke hana ʻia hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hoʻāʻo e hōʻoia i ka hōʻailona:
- Hoʻāʻo maʻi Epstein-Barr: No ka mea ua pili kēia maʻi kanesa i ka maʻi EBV, e hana ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo koko e ana i ka nui o ka EBV i loko o kou koko.
- Biopsy: ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo nui e hōʻoia i ka hōʻailona. Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻiʻo mai kahi kānalua o ka nasopharynx a nānā iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike inā he mau hunaola kanesa.
- CT scan (Computed Tomography scan): Hiki i kēia ke hoʻoholo i ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu a inā ua pālahalaha aku i nā ʻiʻo a puni.
- MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan): Hiki i kēia ke hāʻawi i nā kiʻi maopopo aʻe o nā ʻiʻo palupalu o ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī.
- ʻO ka nānā ʻana o ka PET (Positron Emission Tomography scan): He mea nui kēia hoʻāʻo e ʻike ai inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā wahi mamao ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
Hoʻoholo ke kauka i ke kahua o ke kanesa ma muli o nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻokolohua.
He aha nā pae o ka maʻi kanesa?
Hoʻoholo ʻia ke kahua o ke kanesa e ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu, kona wahi, a me ka mamao o ka laha ʻana o nā hunaola kanesa. He mea nui loa kēia no ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka mālama ʻana.
- Pae 0: Ua kaupalena ʻia ke kanesa i ka papa o nā cell ma loko o ka nasopharynx.
- Pae 1: Ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā wahi kokoke, e like me ke kua o ka puʻu a i ʻole ka lua ihu.
- Pae 2: Ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā lymph nodes ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka ʻāʻī.
- Pae 3: Ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā lymph nodes ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka ʻāʻī.
- Pae 4: Ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i ke poʻo, nā maka, nā aʻalolo e alakaʻi ana i ka lolo, nā kelepa salivary, a i ʻole ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa o ka puʻu. A i ʻole ua pālahalaha aku i nā ʻōpū mamao e like me nā māmā a i ʻole ke akepaʻa.
He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia?
ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau āu e loaʻa ai e hilinaʻi ʻia i nā mea e like me ke kahua o ke kanesa a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma lalo nei:
- Lapaʻau radiation: ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kukuna ikehu kiʻekiʻe e luku i nā hunaola kanesa. ʻO kēia ke ʻano lapaʻau nui i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no kēia ʻano kanesa.
- Kemokalama:Ke hāʻawi ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he inikini a i ʻole he mau pila.
- Chemoradiation: Hāʻawi pū ʻia ka radiation therapy a me ka chemotherapy.
- Lapaʻau i hoʻolālā ʻia: Ke hāʻawi ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻolālā ana i nā molekala kikoʻī e kōkua ana i nā pūpū kanesa e ulu a hoʻolaha.
- ʻO ke ʻoki kino: ʻAʻole ʻo ke ʻoki kino ka lāʻau lapaʻau nui no ka mea he wahi paʻakikī ka nasopharynx e ʻoki ai. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hana ʻia ke ʻoki kino e wehe i nā lymph node ma ka ʻāʻī i pane ʻole i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.
Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao. No ka laʻana, hiki i ka radiation therapy ke hoʻomaloʻo i ka waha a me ka nalowale o ka ʻono. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia mau mea a noi i ke kōkua e mālama iā lākou.
Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia kēia maʻi kanesa? He aha ka nui o ke ola?
ʻO ka pane i kēia nīnau, ʻae, hiki nō. ʻOi loa aku inā ʻike mua ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma mua o ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia.
I ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i nā helu ola, pono kākou e hoʻomanaʻo he mau helu wale nō kēia. ʻAʻole pono e lawe māmā ʻia. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa kou kūlana ma muli o nā kumu he nui.
- Inā ʻaʻole i laha ka maʻi kanesa (kūloko): Ma kahi o 82 o 100 mau kānaka nona ka maʻi kanesa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka nasopharynx e ola i ʻelima mau makahiki ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana.
- Inā ua pālahalaha aku i nā wahi kokoke (ʻāpana): Ma kahi o 72 o 100 mau kānaka nona ka maʻi kanesa i pālahalaha aku i nā wahi kokoke, e like me nā lymph nodes ma ka ʻāʻī, e ola mau ana ma hope o ʻelima mau makahiki.
- Inā ua pālahalaha mamao aku (Metastatic): No ka poʻe i pālahalaha ka maʻi kanesa i nā ʻōpū mamao e like me nā māmā a i ʻole ke akepaʻa, ma kahi o 49 o 100 e ola nei ma hope o ʻelima mau makahiki.
ʻO ka mea nui, he awelika wale nō kēia mau helu helu ma muli o nā ʻike o nā poʻe maʻi ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa kou kūlana ma muli o nā kumu he nui, e like me kou makahiki, ke olakino holoʻokoʻa, a me ka pane ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. No laila e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e loaʻa ai ka ʻike maikaʻi loa e pili ana i kou kūlana.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He maʻi ʻaʻai laha ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai nasopharyngeal e ulu ana ma ke kua o ka ihu a me ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka puʻu.
- E makaʻala i nā hōʻailona e like me nā puʻupuʻu ʻeha ʻole ma ka ʻāʻī, nā pilikia pepeiao mau, ka ihu paʻa, a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana o ka ihu.
- ʻIke pinepine ʻia kēia maʻi kanesa ma nā ʻāina ʻo Asia Hikina Hema e like me Sri Lanka.
- ʻO ka puhipaka, ka inu nui ʻana i ka waiʻona, a me ka inu pinepine ʻana i nā meaʻai paʻakai a mālama ʻia (nā tōmato maloʻo, nā pickles) e hoʻonui i ka pilikia.
- Hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia kēia maʻi ʻaʻai inā ʻike mua ʻia.
- Inā he kānalua kou, mai hoʻokaʻulua a nīnau koke aku i kāu kauka no ka ʻōlelo aʻo.
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