Thaum peb hnov lo lus "mob qog noj ntshav," kev ntshai thiab kev ntxhov siab los rau hauv peb lub siab. Qhov ntawd yog ib txwm muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm kev tshawb fawb kho mob, cov txheej txheem kho mob qog noj ntshav tau zoo dua qub. Hnub no, kuv yuav tham nrog koj txog ib txoj kev kho mob zoo kawg nkaus uas tau hloov pauv qhov kev ua si hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua mob qog noj ntshav thiab coj kev cia siab tshiab rau ntau tus neeg. Qhov no hu ua Immunotherapy. Hais yooj yim, es tsis txhob muab cov tshuaj sab nraud los tawm tsam mob qog noj ntshav , peb siv peb tus kheej txoj kev tiv thaiv los tawm tsam nws. Cia peb saib seb qhov no ua haujlwm li cas.
Yog li ntawd, Immunotherapy yog dab tsi?
Yuav kom nkag siab qhov no, cia peb muab ib qho piv txwv me me. Yog tias koj muaj kev ua xua , xws li cov kab me me, tej zaum koj tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua xua. Cov tshuaj txhaj muaj cov tshuaj me me ntawm cov tshuaj ua xua. Thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv koj lub cev, koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob pib ua haujlwm tawm tsam nws, tab sis tsis ua rau koj mob. Thaum koj maj mam nce cov tshuaj, koj lub cev tau siv rau cov tshuaj ua xua. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias koj lub cev tsim kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau nws.
Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob zoo li ntawd. Mob qog noj ntshav yog thaum ib qho ntawm peb cov hlwb pib ua phem "tsis zoo" tawm ntawm kev tswj hwm. Kev cia siab ntawm kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob yog los pab peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob paub txog cov "cell phem" no thiab cob qhia nws tus kheej kom rhuav tshem lawv. Ib yam li tawm tsam tus kab mob lossis cov kab mob uas nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev.
Hais yooj yim xwb, peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob zoo li tub ceev xwm hauv lub tebchaws. Cov qog nqaij hlav zoo li cov neeg ua txhaum cai uas hnav khaub ncaws zoo li cov neeg ib txwm. Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob pab tub ceev xwm nrhiav cov neeg ua txhaum cai no uas hnav khaub ncaws zoo li lwm tus.
Cov hom kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?
Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau tshawb pom ntau txoj hauv kev uas peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem paub thiab rhuav tshem cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Cia peb saib qee hom tseem ceeb.
| Hom kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob | Nws ua haujlwm li cas (hauv cov lus yooj yim) |
|---|---|
| Kev Kho Mob Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob T-Cell Uas Txais Yuav | Cov T-cell (cov tub rog tiv thaiv) raug coj los ntawm lub cev, ua kom muaj zog dua hauv chav kuaj, thiab tom qab ntawd muab rov qab rau lub cev. |
| Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Chaw Tshawb Xyuas | Nws tso tawm cov "breakpoints" uas cov hlwb qog noj ntshav siv los nkaum, cia lawv tawm tsam lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. |
| Cov Tshuaj Monoclonal Antibodies | Lawv zoo li cov "tags" tshwj xeeb uas ua hauv chav kuaj. Cov no txuas rau cov hlwb qog noj ntshav, cim lawv rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom yooj yim txheeb xyuas. |
| Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Cancer | Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tau kawm los tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm qee yam mob qog noj ntshav (piv txwv li, tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV) lossis tawm tsam mob qog noj ntshav uas twb muaj lawm. |
1. Kev Kho Mob T-Cell Uas Tau Txais Yuav (Kev kho mob T-cell uas tau kawm tshwj xeeb)
Qhov no zoo li kev cob qhia cov tub rog tshwj xeeb. Ib tug ntawm cov tub rog tseem ceeb hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hu ua T-cells .
Hauv kev kho mob no, cov kws kho mob yuav muab qee cov T-cell no los ntawm koj lub qog. Tom qab ntawd, hauv chav kuaj, lawv nrhiav seb cov T-cell twg yog cov uas tawm tsam mob qog noj ntshav ntau tshaj plaws. Lawv xaiv cov "tub rog zoo tshaj plaws," tsim cov noob caj noob ces rau lawv, ua rau lawv muaj zog dua, thiab loj hlob mus rau ntau lab tus.
Thaum kawg, cov "tub rog T-cell muaj zog heev" no raug muab rov qab rau hauv koj lub cev los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj IV. Tam sim no cov cell no mus ncaj qha mus nrhiav thiab rhuav tshem cov cell mob qog noj ntshav.
Ib qho kev kho mob nrov tshaj plaws hauv pawg no yog CAR T-cell therapy . Nws yog siv rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus uas muaj mob leukemia thiab ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav, xws li lymphoma, uas tsis tau teb rau lwm yam kev kho mob.
2. Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kev Tshawb Xyuas
Peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kuj muaj ib lub tshuab "nres." Cov no hu ua checkpoints. Cov tshuab no yog los tiv thaiv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom tsis txhob tawm tsam peb cov hlwb noj qab haus huv yam tsis tsim nyog.
Tiamsis cov hlwb qog nqaij hlav ntse ntse siv qhov system no los nres. Lawv tsim cov protein ntawm lawv qhov chaw uas ua rau cov chaw kuaj xyuas no ua haujlwm, xa ib lub cim mus rau lub system tiv thaiv, hais tias, "Kuv yog ib tug ntawm koj li, tsis txhob tawm tsam kuv." Nws zoo li ib tug tub sab hnav khaub ncaws tub ceev xwm.
Cov tshuaj Checkpoint inhibitor ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tso tawm qhov "nres" no uas tuav cov hlwb qog noj ntshav kom nyob twj ywm. Qhov no tso cai rau peb cov hlwb T kom paub txog qog noj ntshav ua tus yeeb ncuab thiab tawm tsam nws.
Txoj kev kho mob no tam sim no siv tau zoo rau ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav, suav nrog mob qog noj ntshav ntsws, mob qog noj ntshav mis, mob qog noj ntshav raum, thiab mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij (melanoma).
3. Cov Tshuaj Monoclonal Antibodies
Cov no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tsim tshwj xeeb hauv chav kuaj. Lawv zoo li "cua phom loj" uas tuaj yeem nrhiav thiab ntes cov hlwb qog noj ntshav.
Peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov hlwb qog noj ntshav ua "phem." Cov tshuaj monoclonal pab nws ua li ntawd. Cov tshuaj no lo rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Tom qab ntawd, nws zoo li ib tug chij ya hla lub hlwb ntawd, ua rau nws yooj yim rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob pom nws. Nws zoo li hais tias, "Nov yog tus yeeb ncuab." Tom qab ntawd cov T-cell tuaj yeem yooj yim rhuav tshem cov hlwb qog noj ntshav ntawd.
Qee cov tshuaj monoclonal antibodies muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mob qog noj ntshav ( chemotherapy ) lossis cov tshuaj radioactive txuas nrog lawv. Cov tshuaj antibody no ces nqa cov tshuaj ncaj qha mus rau lub cell qog noj ntshav thiab xa nws mus.
4. Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Cancer
Cov no zoo li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ib txwm muaj. Muaj ob hom tseem ceeb:
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob: Cov no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tiv thaiv cov kab mob uas ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Piv txwv li, qhov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws yog tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV (Human Papillomavirus) . Cov kab mob HPV no tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv tsev menyuam thiab ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawd tau zoo heev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no thiab nrhiav paub ntau ntxiv.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob: Cov no yog tsim los cob qhia lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom tawm tsam mob qog noj ntshav uas twb muaj nyob hauv lub cev lawm.
Yav tom ntej ntawm kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob yog dab tsi?
Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob tseem yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb uas tab tom loj hlob sai, vim tias cov kws tshawb fawb yeej ib txwm sim nkag siab zoo dua txog peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav ua li cas tawm tsam mob qog noj ntshav.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav seb puas siv tau kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob ua ke nrog lwm yam kev kho mob, xws li kev siv tshuaj kho mob qog noj ntshav, los txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig. Qee zaum, muaj ob hom kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob ua ke.
Tiamsis tseem muaj ib lo lus nug loj uas tseem tsis tau teb. Yog li ntawd, vim li cas kev kho mob no, zoo li lwm yam kev kho mob, ua haujlwm zoo rau qee tus neeg mob thaum tsis zoo rau lwm tus. Kev tshawb fawb tseem tab tom ua mus nrhiav cov laj thawj rau qhov no.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob yog ib txoj kev kho mob siab heev uas siv lub zog ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los tawm tsam mob qog noj ntshav.
- Es tsis yog tawm tsam cov hlwb qog noj ntshav ncaj qha, qhov no "qhia" peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom paub thiab rhuav tshem cov hlwb ntawd.
- Muaj ntau hom kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob sib txawv, xws li Checkpoint Inhibitors, CAR T-cell therapy, thiab Monoclonal Antibodies.
- Txoj kev kho mob no tsis haum rau txhua hom mob qog noj ntshav lossis txhua tus neeg mob. Tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab raws li koj tus mob.
- Yog koj lossis ib tug neeg koj paub muaj mob qog noj ntshav, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog cov kev kho mob niaj hnub no thiab nug seb kev kho mob twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj.
Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob, kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, kev kho mob qog noj ntshav Sinhala , T-cells, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev kuaj xyuas, cov tshuaj monoclonal antibodies, CAR T-cell therapy, mob qog noj ntshav, Sri Lanka
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus