Koj puas tau hnov lo lus "cervix"? Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov nws los ntawm kws kho mob, thaum lub sijhawm kuaj Pap smear, lossis thaum cev xeeb tub. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev, me me, tab sis muaj zog hauv peb lub cev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov poj niam. Yog li hnub no, cia peb tham txog qhov tseeb ntawm lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam yog dab tsi, muaj dab tsi tshwm sim rau nws, thiab peb tuaj yeem ua dab tsi los ua kom nws noj qab haus huv.
Hais yooj yim xwb, lub tsev menyuam no yog dab tsi?
Xav txog koj lub tsev menyuam zoo li lub tsev me me. Lub qhov chaw mos yog txoj kev mus rau lub tsev ntawd. Lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam yog qhov qhib me me, muaj cov leeg nqaij uas txuas lub tsev mus rau txoj kev. Yog vim li ntawd qee tus neeg thiaj hu nws ua "caj dab ntawm lub tsev menyuam."
Qhov no yog qhov qhib me me uas tej yam nkag thiab tawm hauv lub tsev menyuam . Qhov no tseem ceeb rau cov poj niam thiab qee tus neeg intersex. Nws kuj yog qhov chaw loj rau cov kab mob xws li mob qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog qhov no. Yog vim li cas peb thiaj li yuav tsum tau kuaj Pap smear tsis tu ncua.
Lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam muab kev pabcuam dab tsi rau peb lub cev?
Txoj hauj lwm uas lub qhov rooj me me no ua tiav tsis yog ib qho yooj yim ua. Nws zoo li lub qhov rooj zoo kawg nkaus uas qhib thiab kaw raws sijhawm, hloov kho raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub cev. Saib seb muaj dab tsi tshwm sim nrog qhov no.
- Kev Muaj Hli : Txhua lub hlis, thaum muaj hli, cov ntshav uas tawm hauv lub tsev menyuam yuav tsum tawm los ntawm qhov chaw mos. Cov ntshav no raug ntxuav, lossis muab tso rau hauv, los ntawm lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam.
- Cev Xeeb Tub thiab Kev Muaj Me Nyuam: Lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev xeeb tub. Thaum cov phev nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw mos thaum sib deev, lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam npaj txoj kev rau lawv mus rau hauv lub tsev menyuam thiab ntsib qe. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm ovulation, cov hnoos qeev uas lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam tso tawm yuav nyias nyias, tsim ib puag ncig uas tso cai rau cov phev nkag mus tau yooj yim dua.
- Kev Yug Me Nyuam Hauv Qhov Chaw Mos: Thoob plaws lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub, lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam yuav kaw ruaj ruaj thiab kaw nrog lub qhov ntsaws hnoos qeev los tiv thaiv tus menyuam thiab lub tsev menyuam. Tab sis thaum lub sijhawm yug me nyuam los txog, lub qhov ntsaws no yuav yaj, lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam yuav mos , nyias, thiab pib qhib (nthuav dav). Tus menyuam tuaj yeem tawm hauv lub tsev menyuam thiab nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw mos .Nov yog li cas tus menyuam npaj txhij los nkag mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb. Cov kws kho mob kwv yees tias nws yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas rau tus menyuam yug los ntawm kev saib seb lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam qhib npaum li cas.
- Tiv thaiv lub tsev menyuam: Lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam kuj ua haujlwm ua ib qho thaiv uas tiv thaiv cov khoom, xws li cov tampons, uas koj ntxig rau hauv qhov chaw mos kom tsis txhob mus txog rau hauv lub tsev menyuam.
Lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam nyob qhov twg? Nws zoo li cas?
Lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam nyob sab hauv lub plab mog, li ntawm 3 txog 6 ntiv tes sab hauv lub qhov chaw mos. Nws pib ntawm qhov qis tshaj plaws ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab txuas mus rau sab saum toj ntawm lub qhov chaw mos.
Lo lus Latin "Cervix" txhais tau tias "caj dab." Raws li lub npe qhia, nws zoo li lub tog raj kheej, dav dua me ntsis hauv nruab nrab, thiab nqaim dua ntawm sab saud thiab hauv qab. Qhov kawg sab saud qhib rau hauv lub tsev menyuam, thiab qhov kawg sab hauv qab qhib rau hauv qhov chaw mos.
Muaj ob peb yam tseem ceeb rau qhov no. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi.
| Ib feem ntawm lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam | Tsuas yog ib qho kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Kev khiav hauj lwm sab hauv | Qhov qhib rau lub tsev menyuam. Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov cov kws kho mob tham txog qhov no thaum cev xeeb tub. |
| Endocervical canal | Qhov zoo li lub qhov av uas txuas lub rooj vag sab saud thiab lub rooj vag sab hauv. |
| Ectocervix | Ib feem ntawm lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam uas tawm mus rau sab ntawm lub qhov chaw mos thiab peb nkag tau. |
| OS sab nraud | Qhov qhib rau sab ntawm lub qhov chaw mos. |
| Thaj Chaw Hloov Pauv (TZ) | Qhov no yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws . Nws yog qhov chaw sib tshuam uas hom hlwb hauv lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam thiab hom hlwb sab nraud sib ntsib. Qhov no yog qhov chaw uas cov hlwb hloov pauv tsis zoo, xws li mob qog nqaij hlav hauv lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam, feem ntau tshwm sim. Qhov no yog thaj chaw uas raug saib xyuas ze tshaj plaws thaum lub sijhawm kuaj Pap. |
Koj puas kov tau koj lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam?
Yog, koj ua tau qhov no nyob ntawm seb koj nyob qhov twg hauv koj lub voj voog. Yog tias koj ntxig koj tus ntiv tes ntev tshaj plaws rau hauv koj lub qhov chaw mos, yuav muaj ib qho chaw uas koj mus tsis tau ntxiv lawm. Ntawd yog koj lub qhov chaw mos. Qee zaum nws yuav tawv thiab nruj, lwm lub sijhawm nws yuav zoo li daim txhuam cev mos mos . Thaum lub sijhawm ovulation , nws yuav mos heev thiab nyob tob heev hauv lub qhov chaw mos.
Tiam sis nco ntsoov, yog tias koj sim ua qhov no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ntxuav koj txhais tes kom huv si nrog xab npum thiab dej kub ua ntej ua li ntawd! Txwv tsis pub, cov kab mob ntawm koj txhais tes tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv thiab ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob.
Cov kab mob dab tsi uas cuam tshuam nrog lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam?
Cov mob caj dab uas feem ntau peb yuav tsum txhawj xeeb txog yog los ntawm tus kab mob Human Papillomavirus, lossis HPV . Qhov no yog ib qho kev kis kab mob los ntawm kev sib deev (STI). Kev kis kab mob HPV qee zaum tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav caj dab.
Cia peb saib seb cov mob tseem ceeb twg cuam tshuam rau lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam.
| Mob nkeeg | Hais yooj yim xwb... |
|---|---|
| Mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub tsev menyuam | Kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb txawv txav ntawm lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam uas tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau. Qhov no feem ntau yog los ntawm kev kis tus kab mob HPV. |
| Kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub caj dab (CIN) | Qhov no tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav, tab sis yog ib qho ua ntej mob qog noj ntshav. Kev hloov pauv tsis zoo hauv cov hlwb ntawm lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam. Qhov ua rau qhov no yog HPV. |
| Kab mob ncauj tsev menyuam | Qhov o thiab liab ntawm lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam tuaj yeem yog los ntawm cov kab mob sib kis los ntawm kev sib deev (xws li Chlamydia, Gonorrhea) lossis kev tsis haum rau qee txoj kev tswj kom tsis txhob muaj menyuam. |
| Cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub tsev menyuam (polyps, fibroids, cysts) | Feem ntau cov cysts no tsis muaj teeb meem, muaj nqaij los yog muaj kua. Nabothian cysts yog ib hom cysts uas pom ntau. |
| Tej yam mob tshwj xeeb uas yuav tshwm sim thaum cev xeeb tub | |
| Kev tsis txaus ntawm lub caj dab | Lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam pib qhib ua ntej cev xeeb tub tas. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau poob lossis yug ntxov. |
| Placenta previa | Lub placenta, uas muab kev noj haus rau tus menyuam, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam raug thaiv ib nrab lossis tag nrho. Hauv cov cev xeeb tub zoo li no, feem ntau yuav tsum tau phais cesarean (c-section). |
Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov teeb meem nrog lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam yog dab tsi?
Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas peb txhua tus yuav tsum paub txog.
Ntau zaus, qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub tsev menyuam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog theem pib ntawm mob qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam , tsis qhia cov tsos mob sab nraud. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj li tseem ceeb kom mus kuaj mob raws sijhawm, txawm tias tsis muaj teeb meem los xij.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, lawv yuav yog:
- Kev los ntshav ntawm qhov chaw mos tsis zoo (los ntshav ntau thaum muaj hli, los ntshav ntawm cov hli, los ntshav tom qab sib deev).
- Cov kua tawm ntawm qhov chaw mos txawv txawv (dej, ntshav, muaj lossis tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw phem).
- Xav tias ntxhov siab tsis muaj laj thawj tshwj xeebQaug zog thiab tsis xis nyob.
- Mob thaum tso zis.
Muaj cov txheej txheem dab tsi los xyuas seb lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam puas noj qab haus huv?
Muaj ntau yam kev kuaj uas koj tus kws kho mob ua tau los xyuas seb koj lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam puas noj qab nyob zoo. Qhov feem ntau thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov no yog Pap smear.
| Kev Ntsuas | Koj ua li cas rau qhov no? |
|---|---|
| Kev kuaj mob plab mog | Tus kws kho mob siv nws cov ntiv tes thiab ib lub cuab yeej (speculum) los kuaj xyuas cov noob qes, suav nrog lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam. |
| Kev kuaj mob Pap smear | Siv ib txhuam me me los rho ob peb lub qe los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam thiab xa mus rau chav kuaj mob kom kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj mob qog noj ntshav lossis cov mob ua ntej mob qog noj ntshav. |
| Kev kuaj mob HPV | Ib yam li kev kuaj Pap, cov hlwb raug coj mus kuaj seb puas muaj tus kab mob HPV, uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. |
| Kev kuaj mob Colposcopy | Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj Pap tsis zoo li qub, tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam hauv lub tshuab microscope. Yog tias tsim nyog, yuav muab ib daim nqaij me me (biopsy) coj mus kuaj. |
| Kev kuaj mob | Yog pom tej yam txawv txawv, yuav muab ib daim nqaij me me ntawm lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam rho tawm thiab kuaj seb puas muaj qog nqaij hlav. LEEP thiab Conization yog ob txoj kev siv rau qhov no. |
Tej yam peb ua tau rau lub tsev menyuam noj qab nyob zoo
Zoo hmoo, muaj qee yam yooj yim, tab sis tseem ceeb heev uas peb tuaj yeem ua tau kom peb lub tsev menyuam noj qab nyob zoo.- Tau txais tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV: Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau txais tshuaj tiv thaiv no los tiv thaiv cov hom kab mob HPV tseem ceeb uas ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo li Gardasil® tam sim no muaj nyob hauv Sri Lanka. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no thiab tau txais cov lus qhia.
- Mus kuaj mob raws sijhawm: Feem ntau pom zoo kom pib kuaj Pap tom qab hnub nyoog 21 xyoos. Tom qab hnub nyoog 30 xyoos, ob qho kev kuaj Pap thiab kev kuaj HPV ua ke. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog koj tus kws kho mob thiaj li muab tau cov lus qhia zoo tshaj plaws rau koj txog thaum twg yuav tsum tau kuaj cov no raws li koj lub hnub nyoog thiab keeb kwm kev noj qab haus huv. Yog li, tsis txhob hla cov kev kuaj no raws li nws pom zoo.
- Xyaum kev sib deev kom muaj kev nyab xeeb: Siv cov txheej txheem muaj kev nyab xeeb xws li hnab looj tes tiv thaiv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj ntawm cov kab mob sib kis los ntawm kev sib deev xws li HPV.
- Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab haus luam yeeb: Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias cov poj niam uas haus luam yeeb muaj feem yuav kis tus kab mob HPV mus ua mob qog noj ntshav ntau dua.
Lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam yog ib lub cev me me hauv koj lub cev uas ua lub luag haujlwm loj heev hauv koj lub neej tag nrho, yog li kev saib xyuas nws yog ib qho khoom plig muaj nqis uas koj muab rau koj tus kheej.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam yog ib lub cev uas txuas koj lub tsev menyuam thiab qhov chaw mos thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev yug me nyuam.
- Ntau yam kab mob ntawm lub tsev menyuam, tshwj xeeb yog mob qog noj ntshav, tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi thaum ntxov.
- Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo heev los tiv thaiv kab mob qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam.
- Txawm tias tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi los xij, nco ntsoov mus kuaj Pap smear thiab HPV raws li lub sijhawm uas koj tus kws kho mob pom zoo. Nws yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los xyuas kom meej tias koj lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam noj qab haus huv.
👩🏽⚕️ Cov Lus Nug Ntxiv (FAQs)
💬 🌸 'Cervix' yog dab tsi tiag?
Hais yooj yim xwb, 'Cervix' yog qhov nqaim tshaj plaws ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Hauv Sinhala, peb hu nws tias 'gabhgela'. Nws ua haujlwm zoo li qhov nkag ntawm lub qhov chaw mos thiab lub tsev menyuam.
💬 🤔 Vim li cas lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam thiaj li tseem ceeb rau peb lub cev?
Lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam yog ib feem tseem ceeb heev ntawm lub cev ntawm tus poj niam. Nws tiv thaiv thiab txhawb nqa tus menyuam thaum nws tseem nyob hauv plab, thiab nws tso cai rau kev coj khaub ncaws. Nws kuj yog ib qho chaw uas peb yuav tsum ceev faj heev txog cov kab mob xws li mob qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam.
💬 👩⚕️ Peb yuav tsum ua li cas thiaj li ua kom lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam noj qab nyob zoo?
Yuav kom koj lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam noj qab nyob zoo, koj yuav tsum paub txog nws zoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog tej yam xws li kev kuaj Pap thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav piav qhia txog tej yam tseem ceeb uas koj yuav tsum paub txog koj lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam.
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