Koj puas muaj cov hlab ntsha hauv koj lub caj dab uas raug thaiv thiab? Cia peb kawm txhua yam txog Carotid Artery Stenosis!

Auj, koj puas tau xav txog qhov teeb meem loj npaum li cas yog tias cov hlab ntsha loj ntawm ob sab ntawm peb lub caj dab raug thaiv? Qee zaum qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim yam tsis muaj tsos mob. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib yam kab mob uas tuaj yeem loj hlob qeeb qeeb thiab tam sim ntawd ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej xws li mob stroke . Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua Carotid Artery Stenosis .

Carotid Artery Stenosis yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, Carotid Artery Stenosis yog ib qho mob uas cov Carotid Arteries ntawm ob sab ntawm koj lub caj dab, cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb uas nqa ntshav mus rau koj lub hlwb, lub ntsej muag, thiab lub taub hau, raug thaiv los ntawm sab hauv. Xav txog nws zoo li cov yeeb nkab dej raug txhaws nrog av thiab xeb, uas ua rau cov dej ntws qeeb. Qhov ua rau qhov kev thaiv no yog kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom hu ua plaque hauv cov hlab ntsha. Cov 'plaque' no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov roj cholesterol .

Peb muaj ob lub hlab ntsha carotid nyob rau ob sab ntawm peb lub caj dab. Hauv ib tus neeg noj qab nyob zoo, cov hlab ntsha no zoo li ib lub yeeb nkab huv, nrog cov ntshav ntws zoo yam tsis muaj kev thaiv. Cov ntshav no yog qhov uas nqa cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham uas peb lub hlwb xav tau. Yog li, thaum cov plaque tsim nyob rau hauv ib lossis ob qho ntawm cov hlab ntsha no, qhov ntau ntawm cov ntshav ntws mus rau lub hlwb txo qis. Qhov no yog qhov kws kho mob hu ua atherosclerosis . Qhov mob no maj mam tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm, thiab yog tias tsis kho, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev mob stroke txaus ntshai, thiab txawm tias tuag.

Tus mob no feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?

Kwv yees li ntawm 5% ntawm cov pej xeem feem ntau yuav muaj tus mob no. Raws li American Stroke Association , mob stroke yog qhov ua rau tuag thib tsib. Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm carotid artery occlusion, nrog rau mob stroke, nce ntxiv raws li hnub nyoog. Ntawd yog, nws yog ib yam dab tsi uas maj mam nce ntxiv raws sijhawm.

Dab tsi yog cov ua rau thiab cov yam ua rau muaj qhov no?

Muaj ntau yam ua rau carotid artery stenosis. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog peb tuaj yeem tswj tau qee yam ntawm lawv. Nov yog qee yam ntawm lawv:

• Kev haus luam yeeb thiab haus luam yeeb: Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj ntau yam kab mob. Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov quav hniav.
• Kev Rog Phem: Ib yam li lwm yam kab mob uas los nrog cov rog hauv lub cev , kev rog dhau kuj cuam tshuam rau qhov no.
• Kev ua neej nyob tsis txav chaw: Qhov kev pheej hmoo no siab dua rau ib tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub rooj zaum tas hnub thiab tsis tawm dag zog.
• Ntshav Siab (Ntshav Siab / Ntshav Siab):Thaum lub siab nce ntxiv, cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem raug puas tsuaj, ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau cov quav hniav los sib sau ua ke.
• Cov roj cholesterol ntau: Yog tias cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav siab, cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov 'plaque' uas peb tau hais txog muaj.
• Kab mob ntshav qab zib: Cov neeg uas muaj kab mob ntshav qab zib kuj muaj feem yuav muaj teeb meem ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Kab mob ntshav qab zib hloov cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, ua rau cov plaque yooj yim dua los tsim.
• Hnub nyoog: Thaum koj laus zuj zus, koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntau yam kab mob yuav nce ntxiv. Qhov no tsis yog qhov tshwj xeeb.

Thaum ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov yam no raug muab ua ke, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm carotid artery occlusion nce ntxiv.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau, cov hlab ntsha carotid uas raug thaiv tsis ua rau muaj tsos mob kom txog thaum muaj mob stroke . Mob stroke tshwm sim thaum cov plaque hauv cov hlab ntsha tawg, lossis cov ntshav txhaws tsim rau ntawm cov plaque thiab mus rau lub hlwb, thaiv cov hlab ntsha me me hauv lub hlwb. Qhov no kuj hu ua ischemic stroke . Thaum cov ntshav ntws raug txiav tawm li no, cov hlwb hlwb tsis muaj oxygen thiab cov as-ham thiab pib tuag.

Tej zaum ib txhia neeg yuav muaj mob stroke luv luv (transient ischemic attack - TIA) ua ntej muaj mob stroke loj. Qhov no zoo li "mob stroke me me." Qhov no yog thaum cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb raug thaiv ib ntus thiab tom qab ntawd rov qhib dua. TIA yog ib qho cim ceeb toom loj uas qhia tias mob stroke loj yuav los txog.

Tseem Ceeb: Txawm tias cov tsos mob ntawm TIA ploj mus hauv ob peb feeb xwb los xij, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej nws. Nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj mob stroke loj.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob stroke lossis TIA yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai sai. Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov no , koj yuav tsum mus rau tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd :

• Ib sab ntawm lub ntsej muag poob qis: Thaum hais kom luag nyav, ib sab ntawm lub ntsej muag tsis tuaj yeem luag nyav kom zoo.
• Nyuaj hais lus lossis hais lus tsis meej: Nws nyuaj rau lwm tus nkag siab txog yam uas tau hais, thiab cov lus tsis meej.
• Pom kev tsis meej los yog tsis meej pem hauv ib lub qhov muag: Tej zaum yuav zoo li daim ntaub dub poob rau ntawm ib lub qhov muag.
• Tsis muaj zog lossis tsis hnov ​​​​​​mob ntawm ib sab ntawm lub cev.
• Cov leeg nqaij tsis muaj zog thiab poob zog ntawm ib sab ntawm lub cev: tsis muaj peev xwm tsa ib sab caj npab lossis ceg, nyuaj rau taug kev.

Koj siv tau cov lus luv FAST los nco ntsoov cov yam ntxwv no:

• F - Lub ntsej muag poob qis
• A - Tes Tsis Muaj Zog
• S - Kev Hais Lus Nyuaj Siab
• T - Lub sijhawm hu rau cov kev pabcuam thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev (mus pw hauv tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd)

Txawm tias muaj kev thaiv hauv cov hlab ntsha carotid, nws tuaj yeem ua rau tuag tes tuag taw.Yog koj tsis mob khaub thuas, tej zaum koj yuav tsis pom muaj tsos mob dab tsi li. Yog vim li no qhov no thiaj li txaus ntshai me ntsis.

Yuav kuaj tus kab mob no li cas?

Feem ntau, cov hlab ntsha carotid artery stenosis yog kuaj pom tom qab koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob stroke. Nws tsuas yog pom thaum cov kws kho mob ua qhov kev kuaj mob kom nrhiav tau qhov ua rau muaj qhov stenosis.

Qee zaum, thaum tus kws kho mob kuaj koj lub caj dab nrog lub stethoscope rau lwm qhov laj thawj, lawv yuav hnov ​​​​​​lub suab txawv txawv, lub suab hu nkauj (bruit) los ntawm sab hauv cov hlab ntsha. Qhov ntawd kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev xav txog tus kab mob no.

Cov kws kho mob siv ntau qhov kev kuaj los xyuas kom meej tias muaj tus kab mob no thiab txiav txim siab seb qhov txhaws ntawd ntau npaum li cas thiab nyob qhov twg:

• Kev ntsuas Ultrasound (Ultrasound / Duplex Ultrasound): Qhov no siv cov suab nthwv dej los tsim cov duab ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub cev. Qhov no yog ib qho kev kuaj yooj yim thiab tsis mob uas ua rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nws tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas seb cov ntshav ntws li cas hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab seb puas muaj kev thaiv lossis nqaim.
• CT Angiography (Computed Tomography Angiography - CTA): Qhov kev kuaj no siv lub tshuab hu ua 'CT' scanner (lub cuab yeej uas siv X-rays los thaij duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm sab hauv lub cev) los thaij duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid. Thaum lub sijhawm kuaj no, cov xim tshwj xeeb raug txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Cov xim no ua rau cov cheeb tsam uas raug thaiv pom tseeb hauv cov duab. Qhov kev kuaj no kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg uas muaj 'pacemaker' cog rau hauv lossis cov neeg uas muaj 'stents' ntxig rau lwm yam kab mob.
• Kev kuaj mob Cerebral Angiography: Qhov no kuj yog kev kuaj mob. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qhov kev kuaj no, ib lub raj me me (lub raj nyias nyias) raug xa mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab kuaj xyuas qhov txhaws. Hauv qhov kev kuaj no, ib qho xim zoo sib xws raug txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha kom pom cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlab ntsha kom meej. Qhov no yog qhov kev kuaj mob nyuaj me ntsis.
• MR Angiography (Magnetic Resonance Angiography - MRA): Qhov no zoo ib yam li CT scan, tab sis nws tsis siv X-rays. Cov duab raug thaij los ntawm kev siv cov teb magnetic thiab cov nthwv dej xov tooj cua. Qhov no kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Qhov no kuj yog kev kuaj mob uas tsis mob.

Koj faib qhov kev thaiv no li cas?

Thaum kuaj mob, cov kws kho mob yuav saib seb koj puas muaj mob, nws hnyav npaum li cas, thiab nws nyob qhov twg. Feem ntau, carotid artery stenosis muab faib ua peb pawg tseem ceeb: me me, nruab nrab, thiab hnyav heev.

• Kev txhaws me me yog qhov uas qhov kev txhaws tsawg dua 50%, txhais tau tias nws tsawg dua ib nrab puv.
• Qhov nruab nrab ntawm kev sib tsoo yog nruab nrab ntawm 50% thiab 79%.
• Qhov kev txhaws loj heev yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 80% thiab 99% ntawm kev txhaws, txhais tau tias muaj ntau yam raug txhaws. Qhov no yog qib txaus ntshai tshaj plaws.

Qhov no kho li cas?

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob carotid artery stenosis yog kom tiv thaiv tus kab mob kom tsis txhob loj zuj zus. Qhov no pib nrog kev hloov pauv hauv lub neej :

• Noj zaub mov zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv.(Cov khoom noj uas tsis muaj roj, ntsev, thiab qab zib, thiab muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub ntau)
• Ua si nawv tsis tu ncua .
• Tsum haus luam yeeb kiag li.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav pom zoo kom noj tshuaj aspirin txhua hnub, tshuaj me me uas ua rau cov ntshav nyias, tshuaj ntshav siab, thiab tshuaj txo cov roj cholesterol.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov kev thaiv no hnyav heev, lossis yog tias koj pom cov tsos mob ntawm TIA lossis mob stroke, cov kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom phais.

• Carotid Endarterectomy: Qhov no suav nrog kev ua ib qho kev phais me me hauv caj dab, qhib cov hlab ntsha, thiab tshem tawm cov plaque uas tau tsim sab hauv.
• Stenting: Qhov no suav nrog kev ntxig ib lub stent me me zoo li mesh rau hauv cov hlab ntsha uas raug thaiv los ntawm kev siv lub cuab yeej zoo li koob, ua kom cov hlab ntsha dav dua los ntawm sab hauv. Tom qab ntawd cov plaque raug kaw ntawm lub stent thiab phab ntsa hlab ntsha, ua rau cov ntshav ntws mus ntxiv yam tsis muaj kev thaiv.

Ib tug kws phais mob hlab ntsha lossis kws tshwj xeeb yuav txiav txim siab seb ob qho kev phais twg yog qhov zoo rau koj.

Tsis yog txhua qhov kev thaiv ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid yuav tsum tau phais lossis stenting. Cov kev kho mob no kuj muaj kev pheej hmoo. Cov kws kho mob tsuas yog pom zoo kom kho cov no yog tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tuag tes tuag taw los ntawm kev thaiv ntau dua li qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phais.

Tom qab phais mob no lawm, yuav ua li cas? Yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas mam li rov zoo?

Kab mob carotid artery stenosis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij yog tias tsis paub thiab kho sai. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau tuag tes tuag taw , tuag, lossis xiam oob qhab mus tas li. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob stroke thiab ua tam sim ntawd yog tias koj lossis lwm tus pom cov cim zoo li no.

Kev kho mob thaum ntxov ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid stenosis tuaj yeem cawm tau neeg txoj sia. Thaum tsim nyog, kev phais thiab stenting muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo heev. Cov neeg feem coob tsuas yog nyob hauv tsev kho mob ib hmos thiab rov zoo sai heev.

Thaum koj laus zuj zus, koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob carotid artery nce ntxiv. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau los tiv thaiv qhov mob no, thiab los tiv thaiv cov teeb meem xws li mob stroke, yog kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv . Piv txwv li suav nrog kev tawm dag zog, noj zaub mov zoo, thiab tsis txhob haus luam yeeb. Mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob hauv tsev neeg thiab koj tus kws kho mob plawv tsis tu ncua thiab ua raws li lawv cov lus qhia. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog cov hau kev los ua kom koj lub plawv thiab cov ntshav ncig zoo.

Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev

Zoo, yog li, los ntawm qhov peb tau tham txog, cov no yog cov yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov:

• Carotid Artery Stenosis yog ib qho mob uas cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb hauv caj dab raug thaiv los ntawm cov rog (plaque). Qhov noTej zaum yuav muaj mob stroke .
• Haus luam yeeb, rog dhau, ntshav siab, roj cholesterol ntau, ntshav qab zib, thiab laus yog cov yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj qhov no.
• Feem ntau, qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim yam tsis muaj tsos mob . Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj 'TIA' (mob stroke me me) lossis cov tsos mob ntawm mob stroke (lub ntsej muag poob qis, hais lus tsis tau zoo, tsis muaj zog ntawm caj npab lossis ceg), mus rau tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd .
• Qhov no tuaj yeem kuaj pom los ntawm kev kuaj xws li ultrasound, CTA, thiab MRA .
• Kev kho mob suav nrog kev hloov pauv txoj kev ua neej, tshuaj, thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, phais (Carotid Endarterectomy) lossis tso stent .
• Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv qhov no yog ua neej nyob noj qab nyob zoo .

Tau txais nws? Yog tias koj muaj lus nug ntxiv txog qhov no, tsis txhob ntshai tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob. Nyob kom noj qab nyob zoo!

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