Thaum cov yoov tshaj cum ntau zuj zus thaum lub caij los nag, peb tam sim ntawd xav txog kab mob dengue, puas yog? Ib yam li ntawd, thaum peb mus taug kev hauv hav zoov, peb kuj ntshai cov kab laum. Koj puas paub tiag tiag tias muaj pes tsawg tus kab mob txaus ntshai uas cov tsiaj me me xws li yoov tshaj cum, kab laum, thiab kab laum? Cov tsiaj me me no yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tuag ntawm ntau lab tus tib neeg thoob plaws ntiaj teb txhua xyoo. Niaj hnub no peb tab tom tham txog cov kab mob uas cov tsiaj no kis tau.
Cov kab mob uas kis tau los ntawm cov kab mob no yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, tus kab mob yog ib yam kab mob ua rau muaj kab mob, xws li kab mob virus, bacteria, lossis parasite (pathogen), uas kis tau ntawm ib tug tsiaj mus rau lwm tus, thiab qee zaum ntawm ib tug neeg mus rau lwm tus. Cov kab mob no thawj zaug coj cov kab mob mus rau hauv lawv lub cev thaum lawv nqus cov ntshav ntawm ib tug tsiaj lossis ib tug neeg uas muaj kab mob. Tom qab ntawd, thaum tus kab mob tom ib tug neeg noj qab nyob zoo, lawv txhaj cov kab mob rau hauv tus neeg ntawd.
Xav txog ib tug yoov tshaj cum. Yog tias ib tug yoov tshaj cum tom ib tug neeg uas muaj mob dengue, nws yuav tom koj ntau dua. Cov kab mob uas kis tau los ntawm txoj kev no hu ua 'Vector-Borne Diseases '.
Qee cov kab mob uas feem ntau tshwm sim hauv peb lub tebchaws yog:
- Kab mob Dengue
- Kab mob npaws
- Kab mob Chikungunya
- Kab mob Japanese Encephalitis ( mob hlwb )
- Kab mob Typhus
Cov kab mob no tua ntau tshaj 700,000 tus neeg thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo. Cov kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw sov thiab thaj chaw sov, xws li cov tebchaws zoo li Sri Lanka.
Cov ua rau muaj tus kab mob no yog dab tsi?
Qhov ua rau kis tau cov kab mob no yog vim cov tsiaj uas muaj kab mob xws li yoov tshaj cum, kab laum, kab ntsaum, thiab kab xuab zeb tom . Vim tias feem ntau ntawm cov tsiaj no yog cov tsiaj nqus ntshav, yog li ntawd thiaj li kis tau cov kab mob.
Muaj ntau yam ua rau cov kab mob no kis tau.
- Ib puag ncig: Cov chaw uas dej sib sau ua ke (cov plhaub txiv maj phaub, cov log tsheb, cov lauj kaub paj), thiab cov nyom siab yog cov chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau cov kab no sib sau ua ke.
- Cov pej xeem coob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm nroog: Thaum muaj neeg coob nyob ua ke thiab cov nroog raug tsim tsis muaj kev npaj, qhov chaw rau cov kab mob no kom vam meej yuav nce ntxiv.
Hauv lub rooj hauv qab no, koj tuaj yeem pom qee cov kab mob uas pom ntau tshaj plaws hauv peb lub tebchaws thiab thoob ntiaj teb, nrog rau lawv cov ua rau.Txog cov kab mob thiab cov vectors uas kis lawv.
| Kab mob | Cov kab mob pathogenic | Vector |
|---|---|---|
| Kab mob Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika | Ib tug kab mob | Aedes yoov tshaj cum |
| Kab mob npaws | Kab mob | Kab laug sab Anopheles poj niam |
| Kab mob Japanese Encephalitis | Ib tug kab mob | Kab tsuag Culex |
| Kab mob Typhus | Ib hom kab mob (Bacteria) | Cov ntshauv |
| Kab mob plague | Ib hom kab mob (Bacteria) | Cov kab mob - (los ntawm nas mus rau tib neeg) |
| Kab mob Lyme | Ib hom kab mob (Bacteria) | Cov kab laum |
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob feem ntau yog dab tsi?
Cov tsos mob ntawm txhua yam kab mob no txawv. Qhov laj thawj rau qhov no yog vim cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kab mob txawv. Cia peb saib cov tsos mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob uas feem ntau tshwm sim.
Tseem Ceeb: Yog tias koj muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no, thov mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd, tsis txhob kwv yees. Kev kho mob sai sai tuaj yeem cawm tau neeg txoj sia.
| Kab mob | Cov tsos mob feem ntau |
|---|---|
| Kab mob Chikungunya | Kub taub hau tam sim ntawd, mob pob qij txha uas tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, mob nqaij, mob taub hau, xeev siab, mob lub cev, thiab ua pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Mob pob qij txha tuaj yeem kav ntev li ntau lub lis piam. |
| Kab mob Dengue | Kub taub hau sai sai (tej zaum yuav yog 40°C), mob taub hau heev, mob hauv qab qhov muag, mob nqaij thiab pob qij txha, xeev siab, ntuav, qog o thiab tawv nqaij liab. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob txaus ntshai xws li mob plab heev, ntuav tas li, cov pos hniav los ntshav, lossis ua pa nyuaj, mus rau chav kho mob ceev (ETU) ntawm tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd. |
| Kab mob npaws | Kub taub hau heev, hws ntau dhau, mob taub hau, xeev siab, mob lub cev, raws plab, ntuav, ua pa nyuaj, thiab mob hauv siab. Yog tias tus kab mob loj zuj zus tuaj, yuav muaj mob daj ntseg (daim tawv nqaij thiab lub qhov muag dawb daj) thiab tsis nco qab dab tsi li. |
| Kab mob Japanese Encephalitis | Cov neeg laus thaum xub thawj yuav kub taub hau, mob taub hau, thiab ntuav. Cov tsos mob ntawm lub paj hlwb, suav nrog qaug zog thiab nyuaj txav mus los, yuav tshwm sim hauv ob peb hnub. Cov menyuam yaus me yuav muaj qaug dab peg. Ntawm 20% thiab 30% ntawm cov neeg uas muaj kab mob hauv lub hlwb tuag. |
Kev kho mob thiab kev tiv thaiv rau cov kab mob no
Kev Kho Mob
Kev kho mob rau cov kab mob no sib txawv nyob ntawm tus kab mob.
- Cov kab mob kis:Tsis muaj tshuaj uas tua tau tus kab mob no ncaj qha rau cov kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob xws li dengue thiab chikungunya. Ntawm no, cov kws kho mob tsuas yog tswj cov tsos mob xwb. Piv txwv li, lawv muab tshuaj kom txo qhov kub taub hau thiab txo qhov mob. Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau so kom txaus thiab haus dej (dej, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, porridge).
- Kab mob thiab kab mob bacterial: Rau cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kab mob, xws li malaria, muaj cov tshuaj uas tua lossis tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob (piv txwv li quinone). Rau cov kab mob bacterial, xws li typhus, cov tshuaj tua kab mob (piv txwv li doxycycline) raug muab.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog koj tsuas yog yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj no raws li koj tus kws kho mob qhia xwb. Kev noj tshuaj koj tus kheej tsuas yog yuav ua rau tus mob hnyav zuj zus xwb.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Cov lus hais tias "Kev tiv thaiv zoo dua li kev kho" yog qhov tseeb 100% rau cov kab mob no. Cia peb saib seb peb ua tau dab tsi kom nyob nyab xeeb ntawm cov kab mob no.
- Ua kom ib puag ncig huv si: Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Tshem tawm cov dej uas nyob hauv koj lub tsev. Tshem tawm cov plhaub txiv maj phaub, cov log tsheb qub, cov khob mis nyuj, txawm tias cov dej hauv cov lauj kaub paj. Cov no yog qhov chaw yug yoov tshaj cum.
- Mus txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv: Muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas siv tau los tiv thaiv cov kab mob xws li tus kab mob Japanese encephalitis. Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav paub ntxiv txog qhov no ntawm koj lub chaw haujlwm hauv zos.
- Npog: Hnav khaub ncaws uas npog koj lub cev zoo thaum tawm mus sab nraud, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj. Qhov no tuaj yeem txo qhov kev tom ntawm yoov tshaj cum.
- Siv cov tshuaj tua kab: Siv cov tshuaj tua kab rau cov qhov chaw uas koj daim tawv nqaij raug tshav ntuj.
- Ceev faj thaum mus ncig teb chaws: Ua ntej mus ncig teb chaws ntev, xyuas seb puas muaj cov kab mob no nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawd. Yog tias tsim nyog, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej mus ncig teb chaws thiab nrhiav kev pab tswv yim.
- Tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm cov kab laum: Yog tias koj taug kev hauv hav zoov lossis thaj chaw muaj nyom, xyuas koj lub cev kom paub seb puas muaj kab laum. Yog tias koj pom kab laum, tsis txhob rub nws tawm nrog koj txhais tes. Siv cov tweezers kom tshem nws tawm thiab ntxuav thaj chaw ntawd kom huv si nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
- Kev huv ntawm cov khoom noj: Ib txwm noj cov khoom noj huv thiab siav zoo.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov kab mob uas kis los ntawm cov kab mob me me yog cov kab mob uas cov tsiaj txhu feem ntau kis tau, xws li yoov tshaj cum thiab kab laum, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij heev.
- Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm cov kab mob no yog kev tiv thaiv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom koj lub tsev thiab ib puag ncig huv si, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsis txhob muaj cov chaw uas dej tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum hnav khaub ncaws tiv thaiv thiab siv tshuaj tua yoov kom tiv thaiv koj tus kheej thiab koj tsev neeg kom tsis txhob raug kab tom xws li yoov thiab kab laum.
- Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li kub taub hau sai sai, mob taub hau heev, mob lub cev thiab pob qij txha, thiab ua pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tsis txhob ncua sijhawm thiab mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.
- Tsis txhob sim siv tshuaj rau koj tus kheej yam tsis tau kev qhia los ntawm kws kho mob. Qhov no yuav ua rau koj muaj kev phom sij ntxiv.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus