Bw’olowooza ku musaayi, amazzi amamyufu gajja mu birowoozo, nedda? Naye obadde okimanyi nti omusaayi gwo ogusukka mu kitundu gubeera mazzi aga kyenvu? Ekyo kye tuyita plasma. Kiringa omugga gw'obulamu mu mibiri gyaffe. Buli kintu kyonna emibiri gyaffe kye kyetaaga kitambula ku mugga guno. Kale leero, ka twogere ku mazzi gano ag’ekyewuunyo, pulasima, mu ngeri ennyangu.
Ddala Plasma kye ki?
Mu ngeri ennyangu, plasma kye kitundu eky’amazzi mu musaayi gwo. Okubeera omutuufu, kikola ebitundu 55%, oba ekitundu ekisukka mu kitundu, ku bungi bw’omusaayi gwo gwonna. Obutoffaali obumyufu bwonna, obutoffaali obweru, n’obutoffaali obuyitibwa platelets bw’owulidde bitengejja mu plasma eno, ne bibitambuza mu mubiri gwo gwonna.
Kilowoozeeko nga saladi y’ebibala. Ebitundutundu by’ebibala bye bitundu by’omusaayi ebimyufu n’ebyeru n’obutoffaali obuyitibwa platelets. Jelly yonna etabuddwa wamu eringa plasma.
Plasma eno ebitundu 92% ya mazzi. Ebitundu 7% ebisigadde biba puloteyina (nga antibodies, coagulation factors, albumin, fibrinogen). Ebitundu ebirala 1% bintu bikulu nnyo eri omubiri gwaffe, gamba nga obusimu, vitamiini, eminnyo, n’enziyiza.
Lwaki plasma kikulu nnyo eri omubiri gwaffe?
Plasma si mazzi matono gokka. Kikola emirimu mingi mu mubiri gwaffe. Lowooza ku plasma ng’omugga. Obutoffaali bw’omusaayi obulala bulinga amaato agatambulira ku mugga ogwo. Singa amazzi mu mugga gakendeera, amaato tegasobola kutambula, nedda? Bwe kityo bwe kiri. Awatali plasma, omusaayi gwaffe tegusobola kutambula.
Laba ekipande wansi olabe emirimu emikulu plasma gy’ekola ku mibiri gyaffe.
| Enkola ya pulasima | Mu ngeri ennyangu... |
|---|---|
| Endya n’okutuusa omukka gwa oxygen | Obutoffaali obumyufu buyamba okutwala omukka gwa oxygen mu mawuggwe. Era zikola nga ‘delivery service’ ezitwala ebiriisa, obusimu, ne vitamiini mu bitundu by’omubiri byonna. |
| Okufuga puleesa | Kiyamba okukuuma puleesa eyeetaagisa omusaayi okutambula obulungi, nga tekireetera misuwa kuzibikira. |
| Okuyamba abaserikale b’omubiri | Plasma etambuza obutoffaali obweru n’obutoffaali obuziyiza obuwuka obulwanyisa obuwuka mu mubiri gwonna. |
| Okuzimba omusaayi n’okuwona | Bw’osala omukono, plasma etambuza ebirungo ebiyamba okukomya omusaayi n’okuyamba ekiwundu okuwona. |
| Okuggyawo kasasiro | Zikung’aanya kasasiro akolebwa mu mubiri n’azitambuza okutuuka mu nsigo n’ekibumba, gye zifulumira mu mubiri. |
| Okufuga ebbugumu ly’omubiri | Ayamba okukuuma ebbugumu ly’omubiri nga liri ku ddaala lye limu, ne litangira okulinnya oba okukka ennyo. |
Plasma ekolebwa etya era ya langi ki?
Plasma si kintu ekikolebwa mu kifo kimu. Kikolebwa okugatta kw’obusannyalazo (electrolytes), nga guno gwe minnyo gye tunyiga nga tuyita mu nkola yaffe ey’okugaaya emmere okuva mu mazzi ge tunywa n’emmere gye tulya. Naye obutoffaali obukulu obugigattibwamu buva mu bifo ebitongole mu mubiri gwaffe.
- Obusigo bw’amagumba
- Obutoffaali bw’omusaayi obukadde n’obugenda okufa
- Ekibumba
- Ensigo z’omu lubuto
Puloteeni zino bwe zeegatta n’amazzi ago, pulasima enzijuvu ekolebwa.
Mu budde obwabulijjo, obutoffaali obumyufu bwe buggyibwa mu musaayi, plasma eba ya langi ya kyenvu enzirugavu, ng’obusaanyi. Wabula bw’oba olina embeera y’obujjanjabi, langi eno esobola okukyuka. Okugeza bw’oba olina embeera ng’obutoffaali obumyufu bumenyekamenyeka (hemolysis), plasma eyinza okuba eya pinki. Bw’oba olina obulwadde bw’ekibumba, obuleeta obulwadde bwa jaundice, plasma eyinza okuba eya kiragala oba eya kitaka.
Ebika bya puloteyina ebikulu mu plasma
Twagamba nti plasma erimu obutoffaali bungi obukulu. Bino bye bimu ku bika ebikulu.
| Ebirungo ebizimba omubiri | Eky’okukola |
|---|---|
| Albumin | Ekikulu kwe kukuuma obungi bw’amazzi mu butoffaali ne mu pulasima nga buli mu bbalansi. Kino kiremesa plasma okukulukuta okuva mu misuwa. |
| Ekirungo kya Fibrinogen | Eno ye puloteyina enkulu eyamba okukomya okuvaamu omusaayi ng’ekola ebizimba by’omusaayi nga waliwo obuvune. Era kiyamba ekiwundu okuwona. |
| Ebirungo ebiyitibwa Globulins | Bino bye bikola obutoffaali obuziyiza endwadde. Zino ze puloteyina eziyamba okulwanyisa obuwuka n’okutukuuma obutakwatibwa ndwadde. |
Endwadde n’obubonero obuyinza okuba nga bukwatagana ne plasma
Singa wabaawo obutakwatagana oba obulema mu plasma, endwadde ez’enjawulo ziyinza okubaawo.
Ezimu ku mbeera z’obujjanjabi:
- Endwadde ezireetebwa obuzibu mu nkola ya puloteyina, okugeza `(Amyloidosis)`.
- Endwadde ezireeta obuzibu mu kuzimba omusaayi, okugeza `(Hemophilia)` ne `(obulwadde bwa von Willebrand)`.
- Endwadde ezikendeeza ku busimu obuziyiza endwadde (obutaba na puloteyina z’abaserikale mu musaayi).
- Myeloma kookolo akwata obusigo bw’amagumba.
Buno buyinza okuba obubonero bwa:
Bw’oba osigala ng’olina ebintu bino, kiba kirungi n’ogenda ew’omusawo.
- N’obuvune obutono busobola okuvaako ekiwundu ekinene oba n’okuvaamu omusaayi omutono.
- Obulumi bw’amagumba.
- Okuwulira ng’omutima gukuba mu ngeri etaali ya bulijjo (okukuba, okulumwa mu kifuba).
- Okulwala ennyo ekitegeeza okukwatibwa amangu yinfekisoni olw’abaserikale b’omubiri okunafuwa.
Si buli muntu alina obubonero buno nti alina obulwadde obuva ku plasma, naye kikulu okumanya bino n’okunoonya amagezi mu basawo.
Okuwaayo plasma kiyinza okutaasa obulamu
Okufaananako n’okugaba omusaayi, osobola n’okugaba plasma yokka. Kino kiyinza okutaasa obulamu bw’abalwadde bangi.
1. Okuwaayo omusaayi buli kiseera:Bw’owaayo omusaayi, plasma esobola okwawulwamu oluvannyuma mu laboratory.
2. Okuwaayo omusaayi gwokka: Kino kizingiramu okukozesa ekyuma eky’enjawulo okuggya omusaayi gwo, okwawula omusaayi gwokka, n’ofuyira obutoffaali obumyufu n’omweru obusigaddewo okudda mu mubiri gwo. Enkola eno era eyitibwa ``Plasmapheresis''.
Plasma eweebwayo ekozesebwa okujjanjaba okwokya, obubenje obw’amaanyi, abalwadde ba kookolo, abalwadde abatali ba mubiri, n’abalwadde abalala bangi. Plasma okuva mu bantu abalina omusaayi ogw’ekika kya AB ya mugaso nnyo naddala kubanga temuli antibodies era esobola okuweebwa abantu ab’ekika kyonna eky’omusaayi. Naye ka kibe nti omusaayi gwo guli gutya, okyayinza okuyamba ng’owaayo plasma.
Obubaka Obutwala Awaka
- Plasma kye kitundu ky’omusaayi gwo eky’amazzi aga kyenvu. Kiringa ‘omugga gw’obulamu’ ogutambuza ebiriisa, obusimu, n’obutoffaali mu mibiri gyaffe gyonna.
- Newankubadde nga gusukka ebitundu 90% ku mazzi, gujjudde ebirungo ebizimba omubiri, vitamiini, n’ebiriisa ebyetaagisa mu mubiri.
- Bw’oba ofuuka bbululu okuva ku bintu n’obutonotono, oba bw’oba mulwadde buli kiseera, kifaayo era oyogere n’omusawo wo.
- Okukebera okwangu, gamba ng’okubala omusaayi mu bujjuvu bulijjo (CBC), kuyinza okuwa obubonero ku bizibu ebikwata ku plasma.
- Naawe osobola okuyamba okutaasa obulamu bw’omuntu ng’owaayo plasma.
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