Tunlai hian "ADHD" tih thumal hi kan hre nasa hle a ni lawm ni? I fa chungchang, emaw, i chhungte emaw, i thian emaw fa chungchang i sawi hian he thu hi i hre tawh ngei ang. Mi thenkhat chuan "excessive attention span" mai mai niin an ngai. Mahse ADHD hi a takah chuan chu aia medical history thuk zawk nei natna a ni. Chuvangin vawiinah hian doctor-te’n he natna ADHD an tih hi an hmuhchhuah hmasak ber dan te, hun kal zelah a lo danglam dan te, tunlaia kan hriat dan te hi han sawi ila.
He dinhmun hi a tir lamah engtin nge an hriat chhuah?
He thawnthu hi nizan atang ni lovin, kum 200 chuang kalta atang khan a intan a ni. Kum 1798 -ah Scottish doctor pakhat, Sir Alexander Crichton-a chuan thil mak tak a hmu tih han ngaihtuah teh. Mi thenkhat chuan midang ang bawka thil pakhata ngaihtuahna seng reng chu an harsat hle tih a hmuchhuak a, an rilru chu a vakvai reng a ni. A pawimawh ber chu an naupan lai atang tawhin hetiang dinhmun hi an lo nei tawh a ni. Tûn laia ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) kan tih hi chutiang dinhmun nên chuan a inang hle a ni.
Tichuan, kum 1902 -ah chuan doctor dang Sir George Frederic Still-a chuan naupang pawl pakhat, a danglamna chu hrisel tak, rilru lama harsatna nei lote chanchin a report a. Heng naupangte hi an rilru a na hle a, an ngaihtuahna thunun leh mahni inthunun harsa tak an ni. Mipa 15 leh hmeichhia 5 a report a. Hmeichhia aiin mipa naupangte hian ADHD an vei tam zawk tih tun thleng hian kan la hre chiang hle. Chuvângin, heng thil hmuhchhuahte hi a dikzia chu i ngaihtuah thei ang, a dik em?
"Hyperkinetic" tih hming hi engtin nge a lo awm ta
Hun a kal zel a, hemi chungchangah hian zirchianna tam zawk an nei ta a ni. Kum 1932 khan German doctor pahnih Franz Kramer leh Hans Polnau te chuan "Hyperkinetic Disease" an tih chu an sawi a. A awlsam zawngin, hetiang natna vei naupangte hian thut reng chu an harsat hle . Dan an zawm lo a, chu chuan classroom-a thil tih a tibuai thei a ni. Naupang dangte nena thawhhona kawngah harsatna an tawk bawk.
Hetiang dinhmun hi kum naupang tak, kum 3-4 vel atanga intan a ni a, kum 6 vel atanga a sang ber a ni a, mahse thu lawmawm tak chu naupangte kum 7 vel an nih meuh chuan he rilru hahdam lohna hi a reh deuh a, mi tam tak tan chuan an lo upat deuh deuh chuan an dinhmun a tha chho zel a ni.
ADHD damdawi hmasa ber leh Ritalin lo chhuahna
Hei hi thil thleng ngaihnawm tak a ni. Kum 1937 -ah American doctor pakhat Charles Bradley-a chuan naupang ṭhenkhat hnêna Benzedrine, stimulant a pek chuan an nungchang chu a ṭha chho tih a hmu chhuak a. Chu mai ni lovin, an sikul hnathawh pawh a tha chho zel a.
Ngaihtuah teh, naupangte hi stimulant pek an nih chuan an nalh zawk ang tih kan ngaihtuah tlangpui. Mahse he thu-ah hian a lehlam a ni. Hei vang hian doctor te chuan ADHD hi thluak chemistry nen a inzawm tih an hrethiam ta a ni .
Tunlai ADHD damdawi an pek tam ber chu methylphenidate a ni. Kum 1954 khan Ritalin tih hming puin market ah an rawn chhuak hmasa ber a ni . A tirah chuan chronic fatigue ang chi thil enkawlna atan hman a ni a, mahse a hnuah ADHD symptoms control-na kawngah a tangkai hle tih hmuhchhuah a ni.
ADD atanga ADHD: A hming a inthlak dan
He natna hming hi hun kal zelah a danglam a, a tam zawk chu kan hriatna a lo ṭhat chhoh zel vang a ni. Heng inthlak danglamna te hi American Psychiatric Association-in a tihchhuah Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-ah chiang takin a lang a ni.
| Kum | Hming leh sawifiahna hman a ni |
|---|---|
| 1968 khan a lo piang a | Naupan laia hyperkinetic reaction: Hyperactivity lam ngaihtuah ber. |
| 1980 khan a lo piang a | Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD): Hetah hian chi hnih lian tak tak kan rawn tarlang a. ADD hi hyperactivity nei leh ADD hyperactivity nei lo. Hei hi danglamna lian tak a ni a, a chhan chu naupang nalh lo, ngaihsak lo mai mai te pawh a ngaihtuah tel a ni. |
| 1987 khan a lo piang a | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Ngaihven lohna, rilru hahna leh thiltih tam lutuk chhinchhiahna pathum inzawmkhawmna hming a ni. |
Tunlai ADHD hriatthiamna
Tunlai hian doctor-te chuan ADHD hi zau zawkin an thlir a. DSM manual thar ber, kum 2013- a tihchhuahah chuan ADHD chungchangah hian "presentation" lian ber pathum a awm a. "Presentations" tih hi symptoms lo lang dan mai a ni . Pawimawh tak chu, heng thusawi te hi mi dam chhungin a danglam thei a ni .
| ADHD chungchang sawihona | A awlsam zawngin... |
|---|---|
| A tam zawk chu Inattentive an ni | Hêng mite hian kawng dik zawh reng te, thupêk zawm te, hna buatsaih te chu an harsat hle. Mumang khawvelah an bo niin an lang mai thei. Mahse, an misual bik lo niin a lang. |
| A tam zawk chu Hyperactive-Impulsive an ni | Heng mite hi hmun khatah an awm thei lo va, an fidget reng a, an tlan a, an zuang bawk. An turn an nghak thei lo. Midang inbiakna karah an zuang chhuak thin. Ngaihtuah ngai lovin an che thin. |
| A inzawm khawm | Heng mite hian a chunga kan sawi chi hnih ang chiah hian mizia an nei a. Chu chu attention deficit leh hyperactivity an nei ve ve tihna a ni. |
Thil pawimawh dang chu tunah chuan doctor-te chuan ADHD hi naupan laiah chauh a awm lo tih an pawm a, heng chhinchhiahnate hi puitlingah pawh a awm thei tih an pawm a ni .
Enkawlna thar leh hmalam hun
ADHD enkawlna atana hman tlanglawn ber chu stimulants a la ni reng a ni. Mahse, tunah chuan Ritalin tih loh damdawi dang tam tak a awm ta. Kum 2002 hnu lamah pawh non-stimulant damdawi hman tan a ni a, entirnan atomoxetine leh guanfacine te hi a ni.
Mahse a pawimawh ber chu nangmah emaw i fa emaw hian ADHD i nei nia i rinhlelh chuan doctor thiam tak nen sawiho rawh . Amah hi a natna dik tak hriat theihna tur leh a tul chuan damdawi leh behavioral therapy te rawt theitu a ni. Thu hriat atanga thutlukna siam ngai suh.
ADHD chanchin kan en chuan thil thleng mai mai a ni lo va, kum tam tak chhunga doctor leh scientist-te thawhrimna hmanga hrethiam zauh zauh a ni tih kan hmu a ni. Chuvangin he dinhmun hi scientifically-a ngaihtuah a pawimawh hle.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- ADHD hi thil thar a ni lo. Medical history rei tak a nei a, kum 200 chuang kalta a ni.
- Hei hi "a bit of mischief" emaw "laziness" emaw chauh a ni lo. Brain function nena inzawm medical condition tak tak a ni.
- ADHD hi presentation hrang hrangah a lang thei. Mi thenkhat chuan ngaihsak lohna chauh an nei a, thenkhat chuan hyperactivity chauh an nei a, thenkhat chuan an nei ve ve thei bawk.
- Hetiang dinhmun hian naupang chauh ni lovin puitlingte pawh a nghawng thei a ni.
- Tunah chuan ADHD enkawlna tha tak tak a awm a, mahse heng thutlukna zawng zawng hi i doctor-in a siam vek tur a ni.
- Nangmah emaw i fa emaw hian heng symptoms te hi i nei thei nia i hriat chuan i chhungkaw doctor emaw specialist emaw hnenah hemi chungchang hi sawipui rawh.
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