I thisen kalna kawngte chu a thim em? Arteriosclerosis hi eng nge a nih chiang takin i zawng chhuak ang u!

Kan taksa chhunga thisen kalna kawng (arteries) te hi pipe ang mai an ni tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? Hengte hi kan thinlung atanga thisen thianghlim , oxygen tamna taksa pum pui thlenga phurtu an ni. Chuvangin, heng thisen kalna kawngte hi pipe mai ni lovin, an flexible a, rubber tube thar ang mai an ni. Mahse a chang chuan, heng thisen kalna kawngte hi a khauh tan a, a thim tan thin. Chu chu damdawi lam chuan `( Arteriosclerosis )` emaw “thickening of the artery walls” emaw “hardening of the arteries” emaw kan tih chu a ni. Hei hi thawnthu pawi deuh a ni a, a chhan chu hetiang hi kan chungah a thleng thin a, kan hriat loh pawhin.

`(Arteriosclerosis)` tih hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin i hrethiam ang u!

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, ``Arteriosclerosis`` chu thisen phurtu thisen kalna kawng lian ber ber, i thisen kalna kawngkhar bangte chu zawi zawiin a thim a, an elasticity a hloh a, a nghet lo tihna a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, tui pipe thar chu engtiang chiahin nge awlsam takin a ben theih ang? Mahse, a tar a, ni leh ruah a tlak chuan a elasticity a hloh a, i ben tum chuan a chhe thei hial a ni lawm ni? Chu chu kan arteries-ah a thleng thin.

Heng arteries te hi system pawimawh tak a ni. Kan thinlung a na apiang hian thisen thianghlim, oxygen tamna chu taksa pum puiah, taksa peng leh tissue tinah, heng thisen kalna kawngte kaltlangin a kal zel a ni. So, when these arteries become stiff , thisen kal chu a tikhawlo thei a ni. Tichuan kan circulatory system zawng zawng chu a buai thei a ni.

He natna `(Arteriosclerosis)` an tih hi ni khat emaw ni hnih emaw chhungin a lo awm lo. Kum tam tak chhungin a lo thang zauh zauh thin. A hlauhawm ber chu a tir lamah asymptomatic a ni thei. Hun rei tak chhung chu engmah i hre lo mai thei a, chutah chuan thisen kalna kawng (arteries) a khauh vanga harsatna dang a lo chhuah hunah chauh i hrechhuak ang. Hei hian rilru lam natna, chu chu thinlung leh thisen kalna kawng nena inzawm natna i vei theihna a tipung hle.

Mi tam tak chuan `(Arteriosclerosis)` leh `(Atherosclerosis)` tih thumal hi an tibuai a, pakhat angin an hmang thin. Mahse, an pahnih inkarah hian danglamna tlem a awm.

• Arteriosclerosis chu eng thil pawh avanga thisen kalna kawng ( artery walls) a thick leh hardening tihna a ni .
• Atherosclerosis hi thisen kalna kawngkhar chhungah plaque a lo awm khawm a, chu chuan a khauh phah thin . Hei hi arteriosclerosis chi khat bik a ni. Hei hi i hriat tam ber thumal a ni ngei ang.

Tunah hian arteriosclerosis chi dangte leh kan taksa a nghawng dan chipchiar zawkin han thlir ila.

`(Arteriosclerosis)` chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Arteriosclerosis hi chi thum a awm a, chungte chu:

1. Atherosclerosis `(Atherosclerosis)`

Hei hi kan sawi tawh ang chi type zingah chuan a tlangpui ber a ni. Atherosclerosis chu i thisen kalna kawng lian lo leh lian lo tak takte bang chhunga thau (plaque emaw atheroma) awm zawi zawia lo awmkhawm hi a ni. Tui pipe chhunga rust lo awm ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. He thau layer hi ``plaque'' kan ti thin.

Hengte hi thisen kalna kawng (arteries) a nghawng ber thenkhat chu an ni:

• Aorta – Kan taksaa thisen kalna kawng lian ber.
• Coronary arteries – thinlunga thisen pe thei thisen kalna kawng.
• Carotid arteries – thluaka thisen pe chhuaktu thisen kalna kawng lian ber berte.
• Femoral arteries te a awm
• Iliac arteries te a awm

He `(plaque)` hi artery wall chhungril ber `(tunica intima)-ah a awm a ni.` A tir lamah chuan hei hian harsatna leh symptom a thlen lo. Mahse he thau layer hi a lo lian zauh zauh a, thisen kalna kawng (lumen) chu thisen kalna kawng (lumen) chu a zim ta hle a ni. Tichuan thisen kalna tur hmun chu a tlahniam ta a ni. Tin, he `(plaque)` chungah hian thisen zam a lo awm theihna a awm bawk. Heng thisen zamte hian thisen kalna kawng chu a tikhawlo vek thei a ni. Chutiang a nih chuan emergency, heart attack emaw stroke emaw a awm thei a ni.

2. Arteriosclerosis `(Arteriolosclerosis)` tih hi a awm thei lo

`(Atherosclerosis)` hian thisen kalna kawng (medium and large arteries) a nghawng laiin, `(Arteriolosclerosis)` hian thisen kalna kawng te te a nghawng thung. Heng artery te te hi `(arterioles) kan ti a.` Hengte hi thisen kalna lian leh capillary te zawk `(capillaries) te inzawmna hna thawktu an ni.` Heng `(arterioles)` te hian kan thisen sang `( blood pressure ) control-na kawngah hmun pawimawh tak an chang a ni

Arteriolosclerosis chu heng thisen kalna kawng te (arterioles) te bang te hi a thim tihna a ni. Hei hian kan kal leh thluaka thisen kalna kawng te te pawh a nghawng thei bawk. Heng bang te hi a thim chuan an thawk tha thei lo. Tichuan taksa peng hrang hrangte hian thisen an hmu tlem a, harsatna chi hrang hrang a awm thei a ni.

3. Mönckeberg medial calcific sclerosis `(Mönckeberg atanga lo chhuak)`

Hei hi a hming dang chu ``medial arterial calcification.`` tih a niHe middle layer-ah hian calcium deposit a lo awm chuan artery wall chu a nghet ta hle a ni . Hei hi kum 50 chunglamte zingah a lang tam ber a, mahse, natna khirh tak tak (entir nan, kal natna khirh tak) nei te tan chuan a lo awm hma thei a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun hian thisen kal dan a tibuai bawk a, chu chuan rilru lam harsatna a thlen theihna a tipung a ni.

`(Arteriosclerosis)` natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

A tam zawkah chuan ``Arteriosclerosis`` avanga harsatna lo awm hma chuan symptoms a awm lo.`` Symptoms awm mahse, harsatna chi leh a nghawng dan azirin a danglam nasa hle. A lan chhuah dan tlangpui thenkhat chu:

• Kea kang emaw, na emaw hriatna, a bik takin ke, chawlh lai pawhin.
• Zun chhuah tam dan a inthlak danglam.
• Chhuak na emaw, nuam lo emaw.
• Luak chhuak thei.
• Vun vawt, itchy , emaw numb emaw.
• Chau lutuk tih hriat (Fatigue).
• Lung na tak tak.
• Kal laiin ke natna (hla rei vak lo kal hian ke a na a, i din chuan a reh bawk) – hei hi ``intermittent claudication`` an ti.
• Nausea emaw, luak chhuak emaw.
• Thâwk a tawi.
• Thusawi thiam lo emaw, ngaihdan sawi chhuah harsa emaw.
• Ke hliam (a dam nan hun rei tak a ngai).
• A hring (edema) a awm.
• Mit pakhata hmuh theih lohna.
• Taksa sir khata chak lohna.

Pawimawh: Heart attack, stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA) (mini-stroke ang chi), pulmonary embolism (PE) (lung chhunga thisen zam), emaw acute mesenteric ischemia (intestines-a thisen petu thisen kalna kawng khar) emaw i neih chuan 911 emaw i awmna hmuna emergency number emaw i call nghal tur a ni.

`(Arteriosclerosis)` hi engte nge ni? Risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

Arteriosclerosis hi artery wall a inthlak danglam vang a ni. Heng inthlak danglamna te hi cellular level-ah a thleng hmasa ber a, a te lutuk a, kan hmu thei lo. Entirnan, thisen kalna kawng (endothelium) chhung lam a chhiat chuan atherosclerosis a thlen thin.

Heng inthlak danglamna tam zawk hi kan tar chhoh zel hian a thleng thin. Kum upat ruala thil hlauhawm lo awmte hi kan titawp thei lo. Chuvangin kan control theih leh kan enkawl theih tur risk factor dangte hriat a pawimawh hle. Nunphung tihdanglamna hian hei hi nasa takin a pui thei a ni.

Arteries khauh theihna tur risk factor lian ber berte chu:

• Kidney natna rei tak awm thei.
• Thisen sang a sang.
• Thisenah cholesterol level sang tak a awm.
• Kum a lo sang chho zel.
• Taksa exercise neih loh vang.
• Metabolic natna (Metabolic syndrome) a ni.
• Zuk leh hmuam hman (zuk leh hmuam, cigar, chewing gum, etc.).
• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus a ni.

I doctor nen inbia la, i risk factors i neih theih zawng zawng chu hriatchhuah tir rawh. Entirnan, heng ang damdawi lam dinhmun (underlying medical conditions) i neih chuan nunphung thlak danglam leh damdawi hmanga enkawl hian i thisen kalna kawng hrisel taka awm theihna kawngah kawng thui tak a zawh thei a ni.

`(Arteriosclerosis)` hian eng nge a nghawng? (Buaina awm thei) .

Arteriosclerosis hian kan taksaa thisen kal dan pangngai a tibuai a. Arteries a khauh chuan , taksa peng leh tissue te oxygen leh nutrients supply a tichhe thin. Chuvangin, thisen kalna kawng (arteries) a khauh chuan harsatna hrang hrang a thlen thei a, entirnan:

• Aneurysms (artery lian tham tak) a awm.
• Carotid artery natna a ni.
• Coronary artery natna (CAD) a ni.
• Critical limb ischemia hi natna khirh tak a ni a, taksa peng hrang hranga thisen pek tlem vang a ni.
• Lung natna.
• Kidney tha lo a awm.
• Intestine-a thisen kalna a tlahniam (Mesenteric ischemia).
• Peripheral artery natna (PAD) 10. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a.
• Pulmonary embolism a awm thin.
• Renal artery stenosis a awm thin.
• Thai.
• Thisen chhuak `(Thrombosis)`.
• Transient ischemic attack (TIA) natna lan chhuah dan.

A châng chuan mi pakhatin arteriosclerosis chi khat aia tam a nei thei a, an nghawng inzawmkhawm chuan a tlangpui aia hmain harsatna a thlen thei bawk.

Entirnan, zirchianna thenkhatah chuan mi pakhatin `(medial arterial calcification)` (artery wall layer layer-a calcium awm) nei pawhin `(atherosclerosis)` (thau deposit) a neih chuan, thisen kalna kawng (arteries) tihtlem dan chu a chak zawk thei a ni. Hei hi a chhan chu, a tlangpuiin, artery wall `(intima)` chhung lam layer-a thau awmkhawm chuan artery wall chu pawn lamah a zau a, thisen a luang lut thei a ni. Amaherawhchu, middle layer `(media)` chu calcium deposit avanga tihkhauh a nih chuan artery wall chu pawn lamah a zau thei lo. Chuvangin, inner layer-a thau awmte hian thisen kal theihna `(lumen)` chu direct-in a ti tawi a ni.

Engtin nge `(Arteriosclerosis)` hi hriat chhuah a nih?

Doctor-te chuan he natna hi hetiang hian an hmuchhuak thin:

• Taksa enfiahna (physical examination) neih a ni.
• I chhûngkaw damdawi lam chanchin, nun dân, leh natna lan chhuah dân chungchâng zawhna zawt rawh .
• Test hrang hrang neih a ni.

`(Arteriosclerosis)` hriat theihna tur test neih thin

I doctor chuan i thisen kalna kawng hriselna, thisen kal dan leh thinlung hnathawh dan enfiah turin test hrang hrang a ti thei ang. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• Pum chhunga ultrasound hmanga tih a ni.
• Angiography – X-ray hi arteries-ah dye inject a ni.
• Ankle-brachial index (ABI) – kea thisen kal zat tehna a ni.
• Carotid ultrasound hmanga tih a ni.
• Chest X-ray neih a ni.
• CT scan `(Computed tomography (CT) hmanga enfiah)` tih a ni.
• Echocardiogram (Echocardiogram – echo) – ultrasound hmanga thinlung enfiahna a ni.
• E.C.G.-in a sawi. Test `(Electrocardiogram – EKG/ECG)` – Thinlung electric hnathawh dan tehna a ni.
• Exercise stress test – Hei hian exercise neih laiin thinlung hnathawh dan a test thin.

`(Arteriosclerosis)` hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

`(Arteriosclerosis)` enkawlnaah hian:

• Nunphung thlak danglam (e.g., exercise lak, ei leh in hrisel ei, zuk leh hmuam hman tawh loh).
• Damdawi hman tur .
• Damdawi lam kalphung emaw surgery emaw .

I doctor chuan i enkawlna tur ruahmanna chu i mamawh angin a siam ang. I thisen kal dan tihchangtlunna tur ruahmanna an siam ang a, harsatna i neih theihna tur tihtlem nan leh i natna lan chhuah dan tur pawh an enkawl ang. I tana tha ber tur hriat tumin i doctor nen inbia ang che.

Arteriosclerosis hi ven theih a ni em?

Arteries hardening hi chu ven theih a ni lo mai thei. Mahse, i risk tihziaawm nan hengte hi i ti thei ang:

• Zuk leh hmuam hman zawng zawng (meizuk, vaping, chewing gum, etc.) pumpelh tur a ni .
• Lung hrisel ei tur (e.g. Mediterranean Diet) ei rawh .
• Kar khatah ni nga tal exercise la, ni khatah minute 30 tal exercise la.
• I tan taksa rihna hrisel tak vawng reng rawh.
• Damdawi lam dinhmun (zunthlum leh thisen sang ang chi) awmte chu uluk taka control reng tur a ni.

`(Arteriosclerosis)` ka neih chuan eng nge ka beisei ang?

Arteriosclerosis hian nunna atana hlauhawm harsatna a thlen thei a ni. Mahse, a hmaa hriatchhuah leh enkawl a nih chuan i thunun thei a, dam rei tak, hrisel takin i nung thei a ni. I beisei tur hriat belh duh chuan i doctor nen inbia ang che. Nang leh i medical history hi an hre chiang ber.

Engtikah nge ka doctor ka hmuh ang?

Kum tin taksa enfiahna nei turin doctor hmu rawh. Tin, i doctor-in a rawt follow-up test eng pawh neih theihnghilh suh.

Engtik lai pawhin i doctor chu ko la, hetiang hian:

• Symptom thar i neih chuan emaw, i symptoms a danglam chuan.
• I treatment plan chungchanga zawhna i neih chuan.
• Enkawlna hian side effect a neih chuan.

Kan thisen kalna kawngte hian thalai tuikhuah a nei lo. Kan taksa dang ang bawkin an upa tawh. Chumi awmzia chu hun kal zelah kan thisen kalna kawngte chu zawi zawiin a nghet zual a, a inthlak danglam thei lo tihna a ni. Risk factor thenkhat chuan he thil hi a ti chak thei hle.

Thu lawmawm tak chu doctor-te chuan i hlauhawmna chu an hre thei a ni. I thisen kalna kawng hriselna chungchang te, fimkhur tur te, harsatna lo awm tur venna atana i tih theih dan te zawt rawh. Anni chuan nunphung thlak danglam emaw, i thisen kalna kawngte a rei thei ang bera hrisel taka awmtir thei damdawi emaw an rawt thei a ni.

Hriat reng tur pawimawh ber berte (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, chuvangin kan sawi tawh thenkhat i hriat reng tur chu khaikhawm ila:

• Arteriosclerosis chu thisen kalna kawng (artery wall) a thick leh hardening a ni. Hei hi a thleng fo thin.
• Atherosclerosis hi chutiang chi khat a ni a, thisen kalna kawng chhungah thau a awm khawm a ni.
• Vawi tam tak chu a tir lamah chuan symptoms a awm lo va, chuvangin medical checkup neih fo hi a pawimawh hle.
• Thisen sang, cholesterol sang, zunthlum, zuk leh hmuam leh exercise lak loh te hi a hlauhawmna lian ber a ni.
• Hei hian harsatna lian tak tak, heart attack leh stroke te a thlen thei a ni.
• Mahse, he natna hi nunphung tihdanglam te, a tul chuan damdawi ei te, leh damdawi lam thurawn zawm te hian control theih a ni a, a hlauhawmna pawh tihziaawm theih a ni .

Chuvangin, i thinlung leh thisen kalna kawng hriselna hi uluk takin enkawl rawh. Vawiin hian nun hrisel nei turin ke pen rawh!