I thinlung hi a chang chuan a â ang maiin a inhria em? Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) a ni thei ang em? Kan sawi dun teh ang!

I thinlung thawk danah hian danglamna mak tak, mak tak mai chu i hre thut ngai em? I thinlung chu mi â ang maiin a na mai mai pawh a ni thei, a nih loh leh a tawp a, a tan leh ang maiin a awm thei bawk. Heng thilte hi ngaihtuah vak lo mah ila, a chang chuan hriselna dinhmun chhinchhiahna a ni thei. Vawiin hian chutiang dinhmun pakhat kan sawi dawn a, chu chu thinlung rhythm nen a inzawm thei a ni. Chu chu Atrial Fibrillation, a tawi zawngin AFib a ni.

AFib (Atrial Fibrillation) hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin i hrethiam ang u.

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) hi heartbeat pattern mumal lo tak a ni a, i thinlung upper chambers (atria an ti bawk) atanga tan a ni. A dik tak chuan AFib vei mi electrical system hian hna a thawk tha lo hle. A tlangpuiin a tih tur angin electrical signal mumal taka thawn chhuah ai chuan a rualin signal hrang hrang tam tak a thawn chhuak tan ta zawk a ni. Orchestra lian tak han ngaihtuah teh, mahse main conductor-in orchestra a kaihruai ai chuan, a sir lehlamah mi engemaw zatin a rualin thupek an pe a ni. Tichuan musician te chuan tu ngaithla tur nge an play tur tih an hre lo. Music pumpui hi a buaithlak a, a out of tune a ni lawm ni? Chu chu AFib hmanga kan thinlung pindan chunglam (upper chambers)-ah pawh a thleng thin. Chumi avang chuan thinlung (atria) chunglam chamber te chu rang tak, chaotic rhythm-in a thawk tan ta a ni. Chuvang chuan heng upper chamber te hi an inzawm tha thei lo va, lower chamber (ventricles an tih) ah thisen an pump thei lo. Chamber chunglam atanga signal lo lutte chunga hnathawk lower chamber te pawh hi a contract mumal lo tan a ni. Hei vang hian i thinlung chu a thawk chak leh mumal lo ang maiin i inhria a ni. He heartbeat i hriat hi a takah chuan heng lower chambers (the ventricles) te contraction atanga lo chhuak a ni. Atrial fibrillation hian harsatna lian tak tak, stroke emaw heart failure emaw a thlen thei a ni. Chuvangin a symptoms hriat a pawimawh a, i doctor nen i personal risk factors chungchang sawipui a pawimawh.

AFib natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni? Hengte pawh hi i nei em tih en rawh

AFib vei zawng zawng hian symptom an nei vek dawn lo. Mahse, a lan chhuah dan tlangpui thenkhat chu:

• I rilruah hnim hring hring hring, emaw, sangha inhnek ang maia hriatna mak tak. A châng chuan i thinlung chu a na zual thei a, i rilruah a na ang maiin (hei hi `heart palpitations` kan tih chu a ni ).
• Chau lutuk tih hriatna. Engmah tih theih loh khawpa chau lutuk nia inhria.
• Luak chhuak emaw, lu hahdam emaw.
• Thil hriatna hloh (syncope).
• Thâwk harsa (dyspnea). I thawk hah mai mai ang maiin a lang.
• A rilru a na (`angina `).

Heng symptoms pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan doctor pan a, thurawn lak a tha ber.

AFib hi engtiang chiahin nge a serious?

Symptom i nei emaw nei lo emaw, AFib hi natna khirh tak a ni a, ngaih pawimawh a ngai hle. I thinlung rhythm a mumal lo tihna a ni. I thinlung a nat dan pangngaia a thawk loh chuan i thinlung chhungah thisen zam hlauhawm tak tak i neih theihna chance a sang zawk a ni. Heng clots te hi i thluak ang chi organ pawimawh tak takah an kal a, an block chuan stroke ang chi natna khirh tak tak a thlen thei a ni. Harsatna dang pawh a awm thei bawk.

AFib symptoms i neih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh.

Engtikah nge damdawi lam thurawn i lak nghal ang?

A châng chuan emergency room-ah i kal nghâl a ngai mai thei. Chung zingah chuan:

• I rilru natna nasa tak i neih chuan .
• Thâwk lak harsa tak a lo nih chuan .
• I hriatna hloh emaw, hriatna hloh ang maia i inhriat emaw chuan.

Hetiang hunah hian in lamah awm lo la, damdawi inah kal nghal rawh.

Eng thilin nge AFib hi a thlen theih?

Atrial Fibrillation hi i thinlung tissue leh electrical system inthlak danglamna avanga lo awm a ni ber. Heng inthlak danglamna hi a chhan awm thei engemaw zat a awm a:

• Cardiovascular condition dangte pawh a awm bawk. Entirnan, coronary artery disease , valve natna, leh heart failure te hi a ni.
• Damdawi lam thil dang. Thisen sang, thau lutuk, hyperthyroidism, kal natna rei tak, leh obstructive sleep apnea ang chi thilte .
• Genetic chi hrang hrang. Tun hnaia zirchianna hrang hrangah chuan genetic variant thenkhat chu AFib nen hian a inzawm tih hmuhchhuah a ni. Hei vang hian thalai thenkhat pawhin AFib an nei thei a ni.
• Lung zai a ni. Chhan dang avanga heart surgery i neih tawh chuan chu surgery hnuah chuan AFib hi tan theih a ni. AFib hi thinlung nena inzawm lo surgery dang atanga dam leh lai pawhin a awm thei bawk.

AFib siam chhuahna Risk Tipungtu Risk Factors

A chunga kan sawi tak damdawi lam harsatna i neih chuan AFib i vei theihna a sang zawk. Risk factor dang engemaw zat a awm bawk:

• Kum a lo sang chho zel. Kum i upat deuh deuh chuan AFib vei theihna i nei sang hle a, a bik takin kum 65 i tlin hnuah.
• Zu in tam lutuk.Zu in hi recommended limits aia tam in, a bik takin vawi khata in tam – ‘binge drinking’ kan tih hian AFib vei theihna a tipung bawk.
• Natna khirh tak. Damdawi ina dah ngai khawpa natna khirh tak tak (sepsis emaw COVID-19 na tak ang chi) hian AFib vei theihna a tipung a ni.
• Taksa tihchak loh. Nitin exercise tam tawk loh hi AFib thlentu a ni thei bawk.
• Exercise exercise nasa tak neih a ni. Taksa tihchak hi thinlung tan a tha a, mahse eng thil pawh tam lutuk hi a tha lo. Kum tam tak chhung ni khata darkar thum aia tam exercise la thinte pawh AFib vei theihna a sang hle.

Engtin nge doctor-te hian AFib hi dik taka an hriat theih?

AFib hriat theihna atana test hman ber chu electrocardiogram a ni a, ECG (electrocardiogram) emaw EKG emaw tia hriat bawk a ni. Hei hian i thinlung chhunga electrical signal kal chhuakte graph a siam a. Hei hian AFib emaw, heartbeat mumal lo (arrhythmias) dang i neih leh neih loh a hriat theih nan a pui thei che a ni. Chu bakah, i doctor chuan thil dang tlemte a ti bawk ang:

• Taksa enfiahna pek i ni ang a, i damdawi lam chanchin zawh i ni ang.
• Thisen test turin thupek a ni a, natna dang, a bik takin AFib treatment plan tichhe thei turte enfiah turin tih a ni.
• I thinlung insiam dan leh hnathawh dan enfiah nan echocardiogram (echo) neih tir i ni thei bawk.
• Darkar 24 emaw a aia rei emaw chhung monitor (`Holter monitor` emaw `cardiac event monitor`) vuah turin an ti thei che a, chu chuan nitin hnathawh i tih laiin i thinlung electrical activity a record a ni.

AFib hi stage hrang hrang a awm em?

Ni e, AFib hi `progressive condition` a ni. Hei hian stage hrang hrang a paltlang thei a, hun kal zelah a na zual thei tihna a ni. Doctor-te chuan AFib hmuhchhuah leh enkawlnaah heng stage te hi an hmang thin:

• Scenario 1: AFib vei hlauhawma awmte (`AFib vei theihna tur hlauhawm`) .
• Case 2: AFib hma (`Afib hma`) .
• Thil thleng 3-na: AFib (`AFib`) .
• Case 4: AFib awm reng

Heng case tinte hi chipchiar deuhin han thlir ila.

Stage 1: AFib vei theihna tur hlauhawm

Hei hian AFib vei theihna tur risk factor thenkhat i nei tihna a ni. Entir nan:

• Thisen sang a sang
• Thau lutuk
• Zunthlum
• Mut theih lohna (sleep apnea) a ni
• Zu in tam lutuk
• Cardiovascular system hnathawh that loh
• Kum 65 chunglam a ni

Heng thilte hi i neih chuan AFib vei theihna hlauhawmah i awm tih i sawi thei.

Stage 2: AFib hmaa tih tur

Hetih lai hian i thinlung electrical activity emaw structure emaw ah hian inthlak danglamna engemaw zat a awm thei. Hengte hian AFib vei theihna a tipung a ni. Hetih lai hian doctor-te’n chhinchhiahna an zawn thinte chu:

• Atrial tachycardia (thinlung natna chak tak) .
• Atrial flutter a ni
• Veilam leh/ emaw dinglam atrium lian zawk
• Ectopic heartbeat awm fo thin

Tin, AFib vei theihna sang zawk nena inzawm damdawi lam dinhmun thenkhat i neih chuan he second stage-ah hian i awm bawk. Entirnan:

• Coronary artery natna a ni
• Lung lam chak lohna
• Lung valve natna
• Hyperthyroidism natna (Hyperthyroidism) a awm
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (thinlung ruh tichaktu) .
• Neuromuscular lama harsatna nei te

Stage 3-na: AFib

ECG test-in Atrial Fibrillation i nei tih a hriat chuan hetiang dinhmunah hian i awm tawh tihna a ni. Mahse he stage thleng hian sub-stage hrang hrang a awm. Symptoms chu a mah chauha lo thleng leh awm lo i nei thei bawk. A nih loh leh enkawl lai pawhin AFib persistent i nei thei bawk. Enkawl hnua symptoms te chu a bo tawh a nih pawhin a hnuah a lo lang leh thei a ni. Chuvangin doctor-te chuan he stage hi sub-stage paliah an ṭhen a:

• Intermittent AFib (`Paroxysmal AFib`): A natna lan chhuah dan a lo awm a, a kal zel bawk. Episode tin hi kar khat aia rei lo a ni a, enkawl lohvin a mah chauhin a bo fo bawk. He hun rei lote chhung hian i la hrehawm lo mai thei. AFib nei lote aiin stroke vei theihna i nei sang zawk.
• Persistent AFib: Symptoms a lo lang leh zel a, chu chu a lo lang leh fo tihna a ni. Episode tin hi kar khat aia rei a ni. Hetiang dinhmun tihtawp nan hian enkawl a ngai a ni.
• Hun rei tak chhunga awm reng AFib: A natna lan chhuah dan chu kum khat emaw a aia rei emaw chhung a awm reng.
• AFib ablation hlawhtling tak hnuah: AFib hi operation emaw catheter hmanga tih hnuah emaw a tawp tawh.

AFib i vei tih i hriat hnuah heng subtype hrang hrangte hi i inthlak thei a ni. Entirnan, ablation treatment hlawhtling tak hnu lawkah `Persistent AFib` hi a lo lang leh thei a ni.

Stage 4: AFib awm reng tur

Hei hian i AFib enkawlna tur treatment i enchhin tawh dawn lo tihna a ni a, AFib-ah i awm reng dawn tihna a ni bawk. He thutlukna hi nang leh i doctor in in siam dun a, in dinhmun a zirin.

AFib hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

Atrial fibrillation enkawlnaah hian a hnuaia mi pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw a tel thei a ni:

• Nunphung a inthlak danglam thin
• Damdawi chi hrang hrang
• Ablation hmanga enkawl a ni
• Enkawlna dang

Hengte hi han thlir ila.

Nunphung a inthlak danglam thin

Hengte hi AFib a nasat loh nan nitin i tih theih turte a ni. Heng nunphung inthlak danglamna te hi AFib neih chhung hian engtik lai pawhin a pawimawh a — symptoms i neih loh lai pawhin. I doctor chuan heng thilte hi a pui thei ang che:

• Nangmah tan chuan taksa rihna hrisel tak vawng reng rawh.
• Zu in hi tihtlem rawh.
• Zuk leh hmuam hman loh tur.
• Taksa tihchakna atana rawtna angin inhmang rawh.
• AFib vei theihna tipung thei dinhmun, thisen sang, thau lutuk, obstructive sleep apnea, leh zunthlum te control.

Damdawi ei tur

I doctor chuan i heart rate leh/ emaw heart rhythm control nan damdawi a pe thei ang. Heng damdawi te hian i thinlung a tihchhiat loh nan a pui thei a, i rilru hahna emaw, i lungkhamna emaw thlentu symptoms te pawh a ti tlem thei bawk. Stroke thlen thei thisen zam i neih theihna tur damdawi an pe thei bawk. AFib enkawl nana damdawi i mamawh te hi hun kal zelah a danglam thei. A tlangpuiin, stroke neih hlauhawmna i neih chuan thisen tithianghlimtu (anticoagulants) i ei a ngai ang . Doctor-te chuan oral anticoagulants (DOACs) an pe tam ber. Entirnan:

• `Apixaban` tih a ni
• `Rivaroxaban` tih a ni
• `Dabigatran` tih a ni
• `Edoxaban` tih a ni

A then phei chuan `DOACs` tih ai chuan `warfarin` an tih damdawi an pe thin. I heart rate enkawltu damdawi te chu:

• `Carvedilol` tih a ni
• `Digoxin` tih a ni
• `Diltiazem` tih a ni
• `Metoprolol` tih a ni
• `Verapamil` tih a ni

Heng damdawi te hi i thinlung thawk dan pangngai (sinus) rhythm-a thawk thei tur damdawi te chu an ni:

• `Amiodarone` tih a ni
• `Dofetilide` tih a ni
• `Dronedarone` tih a ni
• `Flecainide` tih a ni
• `Propafenone` tih a ni

Heng damdawi zawng zawng hi doctor-in a tih ang chauha hman tur a ni tih theihnghilh suh.

Ablation therapy (AFib tan lakchhuahna) .

AFib atana ablation hi i thinlunga scar tissue siamtu enkawlna pawl hrang hrangte sawina tlangpui a ni. Scar tissue hi thil pawi tak angin kan ngai tlangpui a, mahse hetiang hunah hian he scar tissue hian i thinlung electrical system chu a thawk tha hle a ni. He scar tissue hian electrical signal pangngai lo a block a, i thinlung chu rhythm pangngaia thawk turin a pui bawk. AFib atana i cardiologist-in a rawt theih tur enkawlna bikte chu:

• Catheter ablation: Hei hi enkawlna tlem ber a ni. Surgeon chuan i thisen kalna kaltlangin i thinlungah tube te tak te (catheter) a dah lut thin.Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) ablation hi AFib atana hman tlanglawn ber catheter ablation chi khat a ni.
• Maze procedure: Surgical ablation an ti bawk a, he procedure hi surgeon chuan scar tissue maze ang chi a siam a, chu chuan signal pangngai lo a block a ni. He surgical ablation hi heart surgery nen hian chhan dang (CABG emaw valve surgery ang chi) avanga tih a ni tlangpui.

Enkawlna dang

AFib enkawl dan dang engemaw zat a awm bawk:

• Cardioversion: Doctor chuan i thinlung rhythm chu a pangngaia a awm leh theih nan device (defibrillator) emaw damdawi emaw a hmang thin.
• Left atrial appendage (LAA) khar: Thisen tithianghlimtu i tuar thei lo a nih chuan stroke i vei theihna tur tihtlem nan left atrial appendage occlusion device i dawng thei ang. Hetiang hian thinlunga thisen zam awlsam taka siam theihna bawm te tak te chu a khar a ni.

AFib hnuah hian thinlung hi a normal leh dawn em? Damdawi famkim a awm em?

Ni e, a châng chuan i thinlung chu a mah chauhin a rhythm pangngaiah a kir leh thei a ni. Hei hi `Paroxysmal AFib` vei te chungah a thleng thin. `Persistent` emaw `Long-standing AFib` emaw i neih chuan i natna tihtawp nan enkawlna i mamawh ang.

Mahse AFib hi damdawi a awm lo tih hriat a pawimawh. Vawikhat i neih tawh chuan dam chhung atana i neih tur a ni.

I doctor hian he natna hi a enkawl thei che a ni. Enkawlna hian stroke i vei theihna a ti tlem thei a, i symptoms a ti na lo thei bawk.

AFib hmang hian eng chen nge i dam theih ang?

Kum 2024-a zirchianna tihchhuahah chuan AFib vei te chu AFib nei lote aiin an dam rei zawk tih hmuhchhuah a ni. An dam rei zawng atanga kum hloh zat chu an natna hmuhchhuah a nih laia an kum a zirin a innghat a ni. Diagnosis-a an naupang zawk chuan AFib nei lo an rualpuite nena khaikhin chuan an dam rei zawk a, kum an hloh tam zawk bawk. Mahse, statistics hian a sir khat chauh a sawi tih hre reng ang che. AFib leh damdawi lam harsatna dang eng pawh enkawl tura i medical team te nena thawhhona tha tak hmang hian dam rei theihna chance tha ber i nei a ni.

Engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

AFib vei theihna tihtlemtu tih dan ang chiah hian AFib i neih lai pawhin hrisel taka awm turin a pui ang che.

• Chaw tha ei leh kar khatah ni nga chhung minute 30 chhung taksa tihchak hi i thinlung tan a tha hle. Exercise tih awlsam zawk nan minute 10 chhungin i then thei bawk.
• Zuk leh hmuam leh zu bânsan hi thinlung tan pawh a \ha hle.

Heng thilte hi dik taka zawm hian AFib hmang pawhin nun hrisel tak i neih theih nan kawng thui tak a zawh dawn a ni.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

Hemi atan hian schedule ruat a awm lo. I natna lan chhuah dan, enkawl dan tur leh eng enkawlna pawh i neih zawh hnua enkawl i mamawh leh mamawh lohah a innghat vek a ni. Chuvangin, i doctor nen inbia a, ruahmanna siam dun a pawimawh.

• I appointment ruahman zawng zawngah tel vek rawh.
• Damdawi i ei tur list siam la, doctor appointment apiangah rawn keng thin ang che. Tin, list hi i purse-ah dah a tha bawk a, emergency-ah pawh a tangkai thei hle.
• Appointment apiangah i doctor hnenah symptom thar emaw harsatna i neih apiang (e.g., damdawi avanga side effects) te hrilh thin ang che.
• Over-the-counter (OTC) damdawi – entirnan, khawsik leh flu damdawi – leh nutritional supplements i ei hmain i doctor zawt fo ang che, heng thilte hian a chang chuan i heart rate a nghawng thei a, i damdawi ei lai nen pawh a inzawm thei bawk.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge i zawh tur?

Doctor i zawh theih tur zawhna thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Engtin nge ka risk factors te hi ka tihtlem theih ang?
• Dietitian biak theih nan min pui thei ang em?
• Hemi kawngah hian health leh fitness programme eng emaw zat i rawt thei ang em?
• Eng stage-ah nge ka AFib hi a awm?
• Eng enkawlna nge ka tan a tha ber?
• Enkawlna avanga nghawng tha lo awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

I dinhmun hriatthiamna tha zawk neih theih nan heng ang zawhnate hi zawt rawh.

In lamah AFib i check thei em?

AFib symptoms i neih nia i hriat chuan i doctor nen inbia nghal a, i rilru put hmang hrilh nghal a pawimawh. I doctor chuan i pulse enfiah turin a ti mai thei che. A mumal lo emaw, a chak lo emaw a nih chuan chu chu AFib i neih tih chhinchhiahna a ni thei. Mahse a chang chuan, i pulse-ah danglamna i hmu lo mai thei a, a bik takin i AFib a na lo a nih chuan. Chu ai chuan, i chau emaw, thawk harsa emaw i ti mai thei. I symptoms hi AFib vang nge thil dang vang tih i hre thei lo mai thei. Chuvang chuan doctor nen inbiak a pawimawh. AFib hi i diagnose thei ngai lo.

AFib hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

Khawvel pumah kum 55 chunglam mi maktaduai 33 chuangin AFib vei hmuhchhuah an ni. United States-ah ringawt pawh hian kum 2030-ah chuan mi maktaduai 12 velin AFib hi an vei tawh tura ngaih a ni a, AFib hian kum tin damdawi-ina mi maktaduai chanve vel a thlen ṭhin a, kum tin he natna avanga thi hi an pung zel a ni. AFib i neih tih hriat chu a hlauhawm thei a, a buaithlak thei a, a buaithlak thei bawk. Mahse, nangmah chauh i ni lo. Mi maktaduai tam takin AFib enkawl dan thar zir chhuakin nun hlim tak an la hmang mek zinga mi i ni. I doctor chuan enkawlna kawng hrang hrang, resources leh support community te chungchang a hrilh belh thei che a ni.

A tawi zawngin (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, chuvangin tunah chuan eng AFib nge kan sawi thin tih hi in hriat chian ka beisei.

AFib hi heartbeat mumal lo tak a ni. A pawi hle thei a, mahse uluk taka enkawl a nih chuan nun hrisel tak i hmang thei a ni.

• Symptoms te chu fimkhur rawh. I rilru na fo, hah lutuk, luak chhuak i neih chuan doctor pan rawh.
• Risk factors te tihtlem. Nun hrisel takin nung rawh.
• Doctor sawi ang chiah hian enkawl dan chu zawm rawh. I damdawi chu a hun takah ei la, test ruat saah kal rawh.
• Nangmah chauh i ni lo. Hetiang dinhmun neia khawsa mi tam tak an awm. I mamawh chuan tanpuina dil rawh.

I thinlung enkawl hi i hriselna zawng zawng atan a pawimawh hle a, chuvangin he thu hi hriat chian a tha!

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