Nang pawh i thawk a tlachham em? I rilru a na hle tih i hria em? Hemi (Bronchoconstriction) chungchang hi han sawi ila!

A châng chuan thawk harsa i ti thut em? Miin i rilru a rawn nawr luih ang maiin i hria a, i thawk chhuak dawn ang maiin i hria em? I rilru chhung atang pawhin thawk ri emaw, gurgling ri emaw pawh i hre mai thei. Hetiang hunah hian i rilruah thil a inkhung ang maiin i hmu thei bawk a, chubakah khuh tlem te pawh i nei thei bawk. He dinhmun hi vawiinah hian kan sawi dawn a, chu chu bronchoconstriction an ti a ni. A hming hi a mak deuhin a lang thei a, mahse hei hi mi thenkhatah chuan a thleng thei a, a bik takin asthma ang chi natna nei te tan chuan a thleng thei a ni. Ngaihtuah buai suh, he thu hi chipchiar takin han sawi ila, awlsam takin, okay?

Bronchoconstriction tih hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin...

A awlsam zawngin, bronchoconstriction chu kan lung lam panna kawng bulpui (damdawi lama kan sawi thin bronchi ) a zim nghal mai hi a ni. Hei hi tui pipe chu a inkhar nghâl a, chu chuan tui chu a luang chhuak a harsat phah ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. Kan thawkna kawng vel ah hian taksa ruh (muscle layer) te tak te tak a awm a. Heng ruhte hi a nghet nghal a nih chuan thawkna kawng chu a zim ta a ni. Chutah chuan thawk harsa kan ti thin a, kan rilru a hrual ang maiin kan hria.

Hei hi thil engemaw zat avanga lo awm thei a ni. Entîr nân, thil pakhata allergy i neih chuan, chu chu allergen i inhnim chuan , entîr nân, leivut tam tak i tawrh lai emaw, boruak lum i tawrh thut lai emaw, a châng chuan exercise nasa tak i tih lai pawhin. Hei hi a bik takin asthma emaw, hun rei tak chhunga thawkna lama natna vei, COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) nei, bronchoconstriction nei tam zawkte tan a thleng thei a ni.

Engvangin nge hetiang hi kan chungah a lo thlen? Hei hi eng chhan nge ni?

Kan sawi tawh ang khan, hei hi a chhan ber chu kan thawkna kawng chhunga ruh nalh tak takte tihkhauh vang a ni (heng ruh hring ( smooth muscles) kan ti a, chu chu kan duh angin kan thunun thei lo, chu chu duh angin kan thawk thei lo tihna a ni). Hei hi a thleng nghal vek a ni.

A châng chuan anaphylaxis ang chi allergy na tak takah chuan hetiang hian thawkna kawng hi a khar nghal thei ṭhin. Chu chu dinhmun hlauhawm tak a ni. Chumi piah lamah chuan heng thawkna kawng chhunga ruh (muscles) te hian thil engemaw zat chu an chhang let thei tlangpui. Chu thilte chu eng nge ni tih i lo en ang u.

Hei hi engte nge ni?

I thawkna kawng a tikhawlo thei thil thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Allergens: Mi thenkhat chuan pollen , pet dander , leivut, leh ei tur thenkhat thlengin an allergy thei. Ngaihtuah teh, mi thenkhat tan chuan lehkhabu hlui an tihfai hian leivut chu a lo tla nghal mai thin a ni lawm ni? Chutiang chu a ni.
• Exercise emaw, thawhrimna emaw: Mi ṭhenkhat chu an tlan lai te, stairs an lawn lai te, a nih loh leh thil rit an chawi lai te chuan thawk an harsa nghal mai thei. Hei hi kan ti aExercise-induced bronchoconstriction an ti a.
• Chemical: Entîr nân, swimming pool-a chlorine vapor, rimtui chak tak tak, leh inchhung tihfai nana chemical ṭhenkhat pawh a nghawng thei bawk.
• Temperature inthlak danglamna: Hmun lum tak atanga AC hmanga room lum takah i kal thut ang chi te, emaw, ni lum takah pawn lama i chhuah lai ang chi te.
• Thli lum leh vawt: Hei hian thawkna kawng a tikhawtlai bawk.
• Meizial zu leh secondhand smoke: Hei hi thil mak a ni lo. Meizial zuk hian thawkna kawng a tichhe nasa hle.
• Upper respiratory infections: Hetiang dinhmun hi thawkna kawng chu khawsik, flu, flu ang chi thilin a kai chuan a lo awm thei a ni.
• Damdawi thenkhat: Entirnan, thisen sang tan beta-blocker thenkhat, chubakah aspirin ang chi natna tidamtu te hian mi thenkhat chu hetiang hian a nghawng thei a ni.

Chu bakah, hun rei tak chhunga thawkna lam natna chuan thawkna kawngah inflammation emaw, thawkna kawng bang (airway remodeling) emaw a tidanglam reng thei a, chu chuan hun kal zelah thawkna kawng a ti tawi thei hle. Hei hian thil tenau ber pawhin rang taka thawk hahna a thlen thei a ni.

Hei hi eng symptoms nge ni? Engtin nge chiang taka i hriat?

Bronchoconstriction i neih chuan vawi khatah heng symptoms pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i nei thei. A châng chuan heng symptoms te hi zawi zawiin a pung thei bawk.

• Wheezing: Thâwk chhuah laiin whistling emaw gurgling emaw ri . Tube te tak te hmangin boruak a rawn thawk chhuak ang maiin a ri. Hei hi nangmah ngeiin i hre mai thei a, doctor pawhin stethoscope hmangin a hre mai thei bawk.
• Thâwk tawi: Thâwk a harsa a, thawk hah ang maiin a lang. Eng ang pawhin thawk la, a tawk lo ang maiin a lang. Stairs tlemte i chhoh emaw, tlem i tlan emaw pawhin i tlu nasa lutuk ang tih i hre thei bawk.
• Khuh: Khuh hring (dry cough) i nei thei. I rilruah thil awm ang maiin i khuh thei bawk a, i thawk hah ang maiin i khuh thei bawk. A chang chuan zan lamah khuh a na zual thei bawk.
• Chest tightness: A rilru chu a rit hlein a hria a, mi pakhatin belt hmanga a hrual ang maiin, a chhung lam atanga a hrual ang maiin a awm thei.

Chung chhinchhiahna pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw chu a lo lang nghal mai thei. Mi thenkhat tan chuan minute tlemte chhungin a reh a, thenkhat tan chuan darkar tam tak a daih thei bawk.

Hemi atan hian tute nge hlauhawm ber?

Damdawi lam harsatna thenkhat nei te chuan bronchoconstriction an nei tam zawk thei. Hei hian an vei theihna chance a sang zawk tihna a ni.

• Asthma natna: 1.1.Asthma vei te hi a tuar ber an ni. Asthma hi a takah chuan thawkna kawng a inflammation leh hypersensitivity a ni.
• COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease): Hei hian emphysema leh chronic bronchitis ang chi natna te a huam a ni. Chungte pawh hi hun rei tak chhung natna, lungte khawih buaipuitu an ni bawk.
• Allergy na tak: Entirnan, ei tur emaw, rulhut chil emaw ang chi thila allergy na tak nei te tan he natna hi a lo awm thuai thei a ni.

Hei hi a hlauhawm thei ang em? Kan hlau tur em ni?

Ni e, hei hi a châng chuan a hlauhawm hle thei a ni. Chuvang chuan ngaihthah tur thil a ni lo. Thlawhna kawng a zim lutuk chuan taksain a mamawh oxygen a hmu lo. Hei hian hypoxia (thisenah oxygen tlakhniam hlauhawm tak) leh thawkna lama harsatna ang chi natna khirh tak a thlen thei a ni . Hei hian nunna a tichhe thei a ni.

Chuvang chuan thawk harsatna i neih chuan, i rilru a khauh hle a, i rilru a hah lutuk a, i tawng pawh i tawng thei lo, i hmui a rawn sen a, a nih loh leh i asthma chu nasa takin a zual a nih chuan, damdawi in hnai ber pan nghal emaw, 1990 emergency ambulance service emaw biak theih a ni. A hun taka enkawl i hmuh chuan he dinhmun hlauhawm tak hi i pumpelh thei a ni.

Engtin nge doctor hian hei hi a hriat chian? Eng test nge an tih?

Emergency-ah chuan doctor-te chuan i symptoms (thâwk harsa, thawk hah ang chi) a zirin bronchoconstriction an hmuchhuak ang. Mahse, a chhan bulpui ber chu eng nge ni tih leh engtiang chiahin nge a nasat tih hriat nân test dang an nei leh thei a ni.

• Pulmonary function tests (PFTs): Hengte hian i lung hnathawh that dan te, thawk khata boruak i lakluh leh i chhuah theih zat te, leh i thawkna kawngah harsatna a awm leh awm loh te a enfiah thin. Chumi atana test hman tlanglawn ber chu spirometry an ti a.
• Imaging test: Chest X -ray emaw CT scan emaw pawh tih theih a ni. Hengte hian lung infection dang emaw, harsatna emaw a awm leh awm loh a enfiah thei a ni.

Hei hi eng enkawlna nge ni? Dam theih a ni lo em ni?

Lungngai suh, hei hi enkawl dan tha tak tak a awm. I enkawlna tur chu i natna thlentu leh a nasat danah a innghat ang. I doctor chuan damdawi a pe thei a, chungte chu:

• Damdawi, hliam tihziaawmna leh thawkna kawng hawngtu:
• Bronchodilators: Heng damdawi te hian i thawkna kawng ruh te chu a ti hahdam a, a zau zawkin hna a thawk a ni. Hei hian thawk a ti awlsam hle. Chungte chu inhaler (puffer tia hriat bawk) hmanga pek thin a ni.Nebulizer ( mist siamtu machine) atang pawhin i hmu thei. Chungte chu chi hnih a awm a, short-acting leh long-acting te an ni.
• Corticosteroids: Hengte hian thawkna kawng a hring (swelling) tihziaawmna hmangin hna an thawk a ni. Chungte chu inhaler angin pek theih a ni a, a chang chuan pill angin pek theih a ni bawk. Hengte hi asthma vei te chuan hun rei tak chhung an hmang fo thin.
• Taksa chhunga chemical awmte tikhawlotu damdawi: Antihistamines (allergy damdawi pek thin) leh leukotriene modifiers (thlipui nana tiziaawm thei pill chi khat pawh a ni bawk).
• Asthma attack chhanna atana damdawi: I doctor chuan rescue inhaler (a short-acting bronchodilator) chu i bulah dah turin a hrilh thei che a, chu chu asthma attack i neih thut a nih chuan i hman thuai tur a ni a, chu chu thawk harsa tihna a ni. Hei hi "mei titawptu" ang mai a ni.
• Emergency treatment: Allergic reaction na tak (anaphylaxis) i neih hlauhawm a nih chuan epinephrine auto-injector , EpiPen® emaw Auvi-Q® , chu i bulah dah la, i doctor hnenah hman dan zirtir rawh.

Damdawi inah emergency-ah eng nge i tih thin?

I thawkna kawng a inkhar vek a, mahni chauha thawk i thawh theih loh chuan damdawi ina doctor-te chuan hetiang hian i thawkna kawng an hawn a ngai mai thei:

• Intubation: Hei hian i thlipui (trachea) chhungah tube dahin, artificial-a thawk theihna tur a siamsak a, a tlangpuiin ventilator ( mechanical ventilation an ti bawk) hmangin thawk chhuah theih a ni.
• Tracheostomy: Hei hian direct-a thawk theihna turin kawng hmalam chu thlipui chhungah khur te tak te siam a ni. Hei hi hun eng emaw chen atan emaw, a tlem berah chuan a nghetin emaw tih theih a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun nen hian eng nge i beisei tur?

Asthma ang chi chronic respiratory condition i neih chuan bronchoconstriction thlentu i nih chuan uluk taka enkawl a pawimawh. I damdawi ei tur chu doctor-in a tih angin ei a pawimawh a, a theih ang anga trigger laka inthiarfihlim a pawimawh bawk. Chutiang a nih loh chuan i dinhmun chu a flare up fo thei.

Mi zawng zawng tawnhriat hi a inang vek lo. Mi ṭhenkhat tân chuan a awm lo emaw, awlsam taka enkawl theih emaw pawh a ni thei. Mi dangte tan chuan a awm fo thei a, a châng chuan a na hle bawk. Chuvangin, i doctor nen i dinhmun leh i enkawl dan tur sawi la, i tana tha tur enkawlna ruahmanna siam rawh.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

Heng thil thlengah hian doctor i pan ngei tur a ni:

• Bronchoconstriction i neih fo chuan, chu chu thawk hah leh rilru hah tihna a ni.
• Tuna i damdawi hman mek hian a control tha lo niin a lang a nih chuan. Entirnan, i rescue inhaler i hman fo a ngai a nih chuan.
• A hma aia nasa zawka a lan chhuah chuan.
• Hetiang dinhmun hian nitin hnathawh tur a tiharsa che a nih chuan.

Chumi hnuah chuan doctor chuan i dinhmun chu a ngaihtuah nawn leh thei a, a tul angin i enkawlna tur ruahmanna chu a siamrem thei a, chu natna chu a zual zel loh nan a pui thei bawk.

Engtikah nge kan hlauthawng a, damdawi inah kan kal nghal ang (ETU) ?

Nangmah emaw, i hriat miin emaw heng symptoms te hi an neih chuan 911 call nghal la, a nih loh leh damdawi in hnai ber emergency room-ah tlai lovin kal rawh. Hei hi nunna emaw thihna emaw dinhmun a ni thei!

• Thâwk harsatna nasa tak i neih chuan (i tawng thei lo leh kal thei lo khawpa).
• I asthma a nasat a, i rescue inhaler i la hmang reng a nih chuan, .
• I rilru, i hmai, i hmui, i hmui emaw i lei emaw a lo hring nghal a nih chuan (hei hi allergy na tak chhinchhiahna a ni thei).
• Thisen sang hniam, luak chhuak emaw, khawsik emaw i hriat thut chuan.
• Vun, hmui, emaw nail te chu a sen a nih chuan (hei hi cyanosis kan ti a, chu chu thisenah oxygen a awm tlem tihna a ni).
• I hriatna i hloh a nih chuan, emaw, i hriatna a chhiat chuan.

Doctor hnena zawh tur pawimawhte chu engte nge ni?

Doctor hmu tura i kal hunah hetiang zawhna hi zawh hi a \angkai hle thei a, a chhan chu i dinhmun hriat chian a pawimawh vang a ni.

• He bronchoconstriction thlentu ber chu engte nge ni tih i ngaihtuah?
• Engtin nge chutiang thilte chu a theih ang anga ka pumpelh theih ang?
• Flare-up emaw, asthma attack emaw ka neih chuan in lamah eng nge ka tih hmasak ang? Engtin nge ka rescue inhaler hi dik taka ka hman ang?
• Nitin eng damdawi nge ka ei ngai? Engtin chiah nge ka lak ang?
• He natna hi a nasat loh nan emaw, asthma attack a neih loh nan eng nge ka tih belh theih ang? (e.g., ei leh in, exercise, etc.)
• Eng symptom nge ka ngaihtuah bik tur? Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh leh ang?

Hei hi pumpelh turin kan tih theih a awm em?

A ven kim theih loh nachungin, he bronchoconstriction condition leh a nasat fo thin hi a vei theihna tur tihziaawmna tur thil tam tak kan ti thei a ni.

• A chhan enkawl dan: Asthma emaw COPD ang chi natna i neih chuan doctor-in a tih ang chiaha damdawi ei a pawimawh.
• Trigger pumpelh dan: Eng trigger nge i neih tih hriat tumin hun engemaw chen hmang rawh. I natna lan chhuah dan te, i ei leh in te, leh i kalna tur hmun te chu journal-ah i ziak a ngai mai thei. Hei hian i symptoms tichhuaktu chu eng nge ni tih i hriatthiam theih nan a pui ang che. Tichuan, chutiang thilte chu a theih ang angin pumpelh rawh. Entîr nân, leivut pumpelh la, mi zukna hmunte chu pumpelh la, i tâna ṭha lo rimtui hman loh tur.
• Damdawi lam thurawn pek angin zawm rawh: Doctor hnenah ni ruat saah kal la, i damdawi pek angin ei ngei ngei tur a ni.

I tana pawimawh ka tih thenkhat (Take-Home Message) .

A rilru a na hle. Thâwk chhuak thei lo ang maiin a lang. Wheezing thawm a awm a. Asthma emaw COPD ang chi thawkna lama harsatna i neih chuan he bronchoconstriction hi a hlauhawmzia leh a nuam lo thei hle tih i hria ang.

Mahse, hlauthawng suh. Hei hi manageable condition a ni. A pawimawh ber chu i dinhmun hriatthiamna tha tak neih a, doctor nen thawhhona tha tak neia enkawl dan tur ruahmanna tha tak siam hi a ni. Tichuan, he dinhmun hi a zual zel a nih chuan eng nge i tih tur tih i hre lawk ang. I chhanchhuahna inhaler chu i bulah dah reng theihnghilh suh.

Tin, i chhungte, i thiante hnai tak tak leh thawhpui te hnenah bronchoconstriction symptoms te leh a lo awm a nih chuan engtin nge i tanpui theih ang (e.g., i inhaler pek, emergency-a ambulance koh) te hrilh a pawimawh bawk. Chu chuan emergency-a an mamawh ṭanpuina chu rang taka an hmuh theih nan a pui ang.

Enkawlna rang leh dik tak, hriatthiamna leh hriselna tha tak i neih chuan he dinhmun hi i thunun thei a, nun pangngaiin i nung thei tih hre reng ang che!

` Bronchoconstriction, thawk harsa, Asthma, COPD, rilru tight, khuh, thawkna lam natna