Dementia chungchang hi i zir belh ang u. I hmangaih tak takte hian hetiang dinhmun hi an nei thei ang em?

A chang chuan thil tenawm tak tak i theihnghilh thin em? I chabi awmna hmun, emaw, mi hming emaw ang chi. Thil pangngai a ni thei. Mahse mi thenkhat tan chuan he theihnghilh hi a nasat em avangin nitin hna pawh an thawk thei lo. Chutih lai chuan dementia an tih condition chungchang kan sawi a ngai a ni.

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, dementia hi natna bik pakhat chauh a ni lo. Rilru lama harsatna hrang hrang huam thei umbrella term a ni. Mi pakhatin a hmaa a rilru hnathawh \ha tak chu zawi zawiin a tlahniam a, a nasat em avangin nitin nun a tibuaitu a nih chuan Dementia kan ti a ni. Mi pakhatin dementia a vei tih hriat theih nan a hnuaia mi pahnih tal a neih a ngai a ni:

• Hriatrengna
• Ngaihtuah thiam
• Tawng
• Inremna siam a ni
• Ngaihtuahna
• Nungchang

Dementia leh Alzheimer natna hi thil inang an ni em? Nge pahnih an ni em?

Mi tam tak chuan dementia leh Alzheimer natna hi thil chi hrang hrang pahnih niin an ngai. Dik tak chuan dementia hi umbrella lian tak a ni a, ka sawi tawh ang khan. Chu umbrella hnuaia dementia thlentu ber chu Alzheimer natna a ni. Chu chu Alzheimer natna vei zawng zawng hian dementia an nei vek lo a, mahse dementia vei zawng zawng hian Alzheimer natna an nei vek lo tihna a ni. A chhan dang pawh a awm thei.

Tute nge dementia vei? Engtiang chiahin nge a hluar?

Dementia hi kan upat deuh deuh hian a lo awm tlangpui. Kan pi leh pute hriatrengna an hloh hi i hmu ngai em? Kum 65 chunglam zinga 5% leh 8% inkar chuan dementia chi khat emaw an nei a ni. He number hi kum nga danah a let hnih in a pung thin. Ngaihtuah teh, kum 85 an tlin chuan mi pahnih zinga pakhat chuan dementia a vei mai thei.

Hriatrengna hloh hian dementia a kawk fo em?

Tunah chuan, ‘Aw, kei pawhin thil ka theihnghilh a, chuti a nih chuan kei pawhin dementia ka nei ve em?’ tiin i ngaihtuah mai thei. Hlau suh. I hriatrengna i hloh vang mai mai chuan dementia i nei tihna a ni lo. Kan thluaka neuron thenkhat chu kan tar chhoh zel angin an thi thin avangin theihnghilh engemaw zat neih hi thil pangngai a ni. Mahse, kan nitin hna a tibuai lo.

Dementia chu i chabi i dahna hmun theihnghilh tihna a ni lo. Dementia vei pawhin chabi hmanga tih tur a theihnghilh thei bawk. Chu chu a danglamna chu a ni. Dementia hi kum upa lam thil pangngai a ni lo.

Dementia chi hrang hrang a awm em?

Dementia hi chi thum ah then theih a ni a, chungte chu:

1. Primary Dementia: Hemiah hian Dementia hi a natna ber a ni.

2. Secondary Dementia: Natna dang avanga Dementia awm.

3. Reversible Dementia-like symptoms: Natna emaw dinhmun thenkhatah chuan dementia ang chi symptoms a awm thei a, mahse heng symptoms te hi enkawl a nih chuan a bo vek.

Primary Dementia chi hrang hrang

• Alzheimer natna: 1.1.Hei hi a tam ber chi a ni. Protein pangngai lo chi hnih, Tau protein leh Amyloid protein te hi thluak ah hian a awm khawm a. Chûngte chuan thluaka nerve cell-te inbiakpawhna a tibuai a, cell-te chu an thi ṭan ta a ni. Pakhatnaah chuan, hun rei lote chhunga hriatrengna hloh, buaina leh nungchang inthlak danglamna a awm a. Tichuan thusawi harsa, thil hlui theihnghilh, kal harsa a awm bawk. Kum upa lam ah a awm tam ber. Chhungkuaa mi tu emaw chuan a nei a nih chuan i nei tam zawk a ni. Dementia vei zinga 60% leh 80% inkar chuan hetiang hi an nei a ni.
• Vascular dementia: Hei hi a tam ber pahnihna a ni. Thluak lama thisen phurtu thisen kalna kawng (e.g., stroke, atherosclerosis) a block emaw, a chhiat emaw avanga lo awm a ni. A lan chhuah dan chu hriatrengna lama harsatna, buaina, ngaihtuahna seng harsa, leh hna thawh harsat te a ni. A lo thleng nghal thei (stroke lian tak hnuah) emaw, zawi zawiin (stroke tenau engemaw zat hnuah) a lo lang thei bawk. Thisen sang, zunthlum, leh cholesterol sang nei te hi an hlauhawmna a sang zawk.
• Lewy body dementia: Hetah hian protein clump Lewy body an tih chu thluaka nerve cell-ah a pung khawm a. Chungte chuan nerve cells te a tichhe thin. A lan chhuah dan chu taksa chetna leh inthlauhna lama harsatna, mut dan inthlak danglam, hriatrengna hloh, ruahmanna siam leh harsatna chinfel harsatna, leh mit hmuh theih lohna te a ni
• Frontotemporal dementia (FTD): Hei hi thluak hmalam leh hmai lam (frontal leh temporal lobes) a chhiat avanga lo awm a ni. Khawtlang nunphung, mize inthlak danglamna, tawng thiamna hloh (thusawi, hriatthiamna, thumal hman tlanglawn awmzia theihnghilh), motor coordination lama harsatna a thlen thei. Hei hi dementia chi khat a ni a, kum 45 leh 64 inkar mi a vei tlangpui a, kum naupang zawkah a lo awm tihna a ni.
• Mixed dementia: Hei hi dementia chi hnih emaw a aia tam emaw inzawmkhawm a ni. A chi tlangpui chu Alzheimer’s disease leh vascular dementia a ni. Kum 80 chunglam ah a tam ber. Dementia chi khat chauh chiang taka hmuh theih a nih avangin hriat a harsa thei hle. Heng mite zingah hian chi khat chauh nei te aiin symptoms hi a kal chak zawk thin.

Secondary Dementia (Natna leh dinhmun dang avanga Dementia lo awm) .

• Huntington’s disease: Hei hi thluak lama harsatna awm, genetic defect avanga lo awm a ni. Taksa che vel control, ngaihtuahna, thutlukna siam, hriatrengna leh mize inthlak danglamnaah harsatna a thlen thin.
• Parkinson natna: Parkinson natna vei tam tak chuan a hnu lamah dementia an nei thin. Ngaihtuahna, hriatrengna, thil hmuh theih loh, lungngaihna leh thusawi harsatnaah harsatna a awm.
• Wernicke-Korsakoff natna vei hi:Hei hi thluaka natna a ni a, thiamine (vitamin B1) tlakchhamna nasa tak a awm chuan a lo awm thin. Thluak chhunga hriatrengna lama inrawlh hmunah thisen a chhuak thei a ni. Zu in tam lutuk vang a ni fo.
• Traumatic brain injury: Hetiang dinhmun hi lu-a vuak nawn fo avanga lo awm thei a ni. Hriatrengna hloh leh nungchang inthlak danglamna ang chi natna lanchhuahna hi kum tam tak hnuah a lo lang thei a ni.

Dementia ang chi natna lan chhuah dan reversible

A châng chuan dementia ang maiin a lang a, mahse a takah chuan natna dang chhinchhiahna a ni thei. A tha ber chu, vawi khat enkawl a nih chuan dementia ang chi symptoms chu a bo vek ang!

• Damdawi thenkhat side effects: Damdawi thenkhat, mutna damdawi leh tranquilizer te hian hriatrengna lama harsatna a thlen thei.
• Vitamin tlakchhamna: A bik takin vitamin B12 a tlem chuan.
• Thyroid lama harsatna (Hypothyroidism) a awm.
• Infection: Urinary tract infection (UTIs) ang chi thil, a bik takin kum upa lam tan.
• Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH): Chu chu thluaka tui (CSF) a punkhawmna a ni. Hei hi surgical shunt hmanga enkawl theih a ni.

Dementia natna lanchhuahna chu engte nge ni?

A tir lamah chuan hetiang hian symptoms i hmu thei a:

• Tun hnaia thil thleng leh thu hriatte theihnghilh.
• Thil sawi tawh leh zawhna awm tawhte sawi nawn/zawh.
• Thil hman fo thinte chu a bo emaw, hmun mak takah emaw a awm a.
• Thla, kum leh hun hriatthiam lohna.
• Thu dik tak hmuh a har khawp mai.
• Mod, nungchang, duhzawng inthlak danglamna.

A natna a zual zel chuan a lan chhuah dan te chu:

• Hriatrengna leh thutlukna siam theihna a tlahniam lehzual.
• Thusawi a harsa tial tial a, thu dik tak hmuh a harsa chho zel bawk.
• Nitin hna awlsam tak tak, ha sil te, coffee siam te, TV remote hman te, bill pek te pawh a harsa ta hle.
• Ngaihtuahna fim tak, nungchang, leh harsatna chinfel thiamna a tlahniam a.
• Mut dan a inthlak danglam thin.
• Lungkhamna te, lungngaihna te, buaina te, rilru hahdam lohna te, rinhlelhna te, lungngaihna te, leh lungngaihna te a pung a.
• Nitin hnathawh tur (incheina, inbual, ei leh in)-a tanpuina mamawh .
• Thil awm tak tak lo chu i hallucinate a ni.

Dementia hi engte nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, dementia hi i thluak chhiatna avanga lo awm a ni. He chhiatna hian i thluaka nerve cell te chu an inbiakpawhna a tikhawlo a ni. A châng chuan thluaka thisen kal a tlem a, chu chuan oxygen leh nutrients a riltam a, thluak tissue te chu a thi thei bawk.

Engtin nge dementia hi hriat chhuah a nih?

Dementia hmuhchhuah hi a harsa deuh thei a, a chhan chu a natna lan chhuah dan hi natna dang tam tak nen a inang a ni. I doctor chuan a hnuaia mite hi a ti ang:

• I symptoms te ka zawt a.
• I natna hlui chungchang ka zawt a.
• Tuna i damdawi ei mek hi ka en ang.
• Chhungkaw zingah hian dementia vei an awm em tih ka ngaihtuah thin.

Chu bakah, thisen test te, thluak scan (imaging test) te chu `(Computed tomography - CT)`, `(Magnetic resonance imaging - MRI)`, leh a nih theih chuan `(FDG-PET scan)` te, leh i ngaihtuahna thiamna tehna neurocognitive test te pawh tih theih a ni. Psychiatrist tanpuina i mamawh thei bawk.

Dementia enkawlna tur a awm em?

Hetah hian ‘treatable’, ‘reversible’, leh ‘fully curable’ tih te hi kan hriatthiam a ngai a ni.

Dementia chi hrang hrang hian a natna lan chhuah dan control na tur damdawi an nei a. Mahse, dementia chi tam zawk hi chu tihdam kim theih a ni lo va, tihdanglam theih a ni lo. Enkawlna hian hahdamna engemaw chen chauh a pe a ni.

Mahse, a hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan dementia ang chi natna thenkhat (e.g., vitamin tlakchhamna, damdawi thenkhat side effects, thyroid problems) chu enkawl theih a ni a, tihdam vek theih a ni.

Dementia chi hrang hrang tihdam theih loh (e.g. Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia) tan chuan hriatrengna hloh leh nungchang lama harsatna control nan damdawi a awm a. Entirnan, cholinesterase inhibitor (donepezil (Aricept®) leh rivastigmine (Exelon®)) leh NMDA receptor antagonist memantine (Namenda®) te hman a ni. Damdawi thar zawk anti-amyloid antibody aducanumab (Aduhelm®) te pawh a awm bawk. Heng damdawi te hian natna hi a titawp vek thei lo nain, a na zual zel dan chu a ti hniam thei a ni.

Dementia avanga harsatna awm thei

Dementia avanga harsatna awm thei thenkhat chu:

• Tui tlakchhamna leh ei leh in tha lo.
• Khum natna (pressure ulcer) a awm.
• Tlu avanga hliam leh ruh tliak.
• Stroke a awm.
• Pneumonia leh aspiration pneumonia te a awm bawk.
• Sepsis (taksa pumpuiah natna hrik darh zel).

Dementia natna hi eng ang nun nge ni?

Dementia vei nia hriat a nih hi thil lungchhiatthlak tak a ni. Mahse, he natna hi eng chen nge i dam theih ang tih chu mi hrang hrangah a inang lo. Mi thenkhat chu kum 8 vel zet chu dementia chi khat, Alzheimer natna ang chi nen an dam a, thenkhat erawh chu kum 20 thleng an dam thung. A pawimawh ber chu damlo nunphung (quality of life) vawng reng hi a ni. He natna hi zirchiangtute chuan an la zirchiang zel a, a thunun dan tur an la zirchiang mek a ni.

Dementia hi ven theih a ni em?

Dementia hi pumpelh kim theih ni lo mah se, nunphung hrisel chuan dementia chi thenkhat vei theihna a ti tlem thei a ni.

• Meizial zuk kha bansan rawh.
• Ei leh in tha (e.g. Mediterranean diet - thlai, thei, sangha, buhfai, olive oil, sa sen tlem) tam zawk zawm rawh .
• Insawizawi. Kar khat chhunga ni tam zawkah minute 30 tal.
• I thluak chu active takin awm tir rawh. Puzzle chinfel, thumal game khelh. Hengte hian dementia lo awm tanna a tikhawtlai thei a ni.
• Social takin awm rawh. Midangte nen inbiakna leh inpawh tawn rawh.

Dementia vei theihna tipungtu thil

• Kum: A chhan ber. Kum upat rualin a hlauhawmna a sang chho zel. Kum 65 chunglam a nghawng nasa ber.
• Chhungkaw chanchin: I nu leh pa emaw, i unaute emawin an neih chuan nang pawhin i vei theihna a sang zawk.
• Down syndrome: Down syndrome vei te hi kum chanve vel atanga Alzheimer natna vei an hlauhawm hle.
• Lung hriselna \ha lo: Cholesterol level sang, thisen sang, atherosclerosis, emaw meizuk hian dementia i vei theihna a tipung a ni. Heng hriselna lama harsatna, zunthlum ang chi hian i thisen kalna kawngte a nghawng a ni. Thisen kalna kawng a chhiat chuan thisen kal a ti tlem thei a, stroke a thlen thei bawk.
• Lu hliam na tak (Brain injury): Lu hliam na tak i tuar tawh a nih chuan dementia vei theihna a sang zawk.

Engtikah nge Doctor i hmuh a ngaih?

Nangmah emaw, i chhungte zinga tu emaw chuan heng inthlak danglamna te hi i hriat chuan doctor hmu rawh:

• I hriatrengnaah inthlak danglamna.
• I rilru hnathawh dan inthlak danglamna.
• Nitin hna i thawh theihnaah inthlak danglamna.
• I nungchang inthlak danglamna.
• I mizia inthlak danglamna.

Dementia a nasat chuan eng nge thleng?

Vanduaithlak takin dementia chi hrang hrang tam tak chu hun kal zelah a na zual zel a ni. Thluak hian a mamawh nutrients leh oxygen a hmuh loh chuan emaw, protein pangngai lo ang chi "junk" in thluaka nerve cells inkara inbiakpawhna a tihkhawtlai chuan thluak tissue te chu a thi tan thin.

Alzheimer natna leh dementia chi dangte hi hriatrengna hloh leh thutlukna siamna lama tihsual tenau te atanga tan a ni tlangpui – hei hi hun engemaw chen i nunpui theih thil a ni. Thluak hnathawh a chhe zual zel chuan hnathawh pawimawh tak takte chu a nghawng tan ta a ni. Chung zingah chuan thawk, chaw ei dan, heart rate, leh mut dan te a tel.

Dementia natna hnuhnung berah chuan taksa hian a nung reng theihna tura hna a mamawh chu a thawk thei lo. Thluak chhiatna leh taksa ruh chak lohna avang hian chetna awlsam, tul tak pawh tih theih a ni lo. Ṭanpuina tel lo chuan mite chu an tawng thei lo va, an kal thei lo va, an bladder leh bowel an thunun thei lo va, ei tur an ei thei lo va, an ei thei lo va, an ei thei lo bawk.

Mahni inenkawl theih loh te, i che thei lo te, tui leh ei tur i neih theih loh lai te, lungngaihna thlenga i inhriat lai te hian natna dang i vei tam zawk thin. Pneumonia hi dementia vei zingah natna tlanglawn tak a ni. Taksa chak lo chuan natna hrik a do thei lo emaw, damdawi a hlawkpui thei lo emaw a ni thei. Damlo natna leh hrehawmna chu hun rei lote chhunga hahdamna pe thei enkawlna option aiin a nasa zawk thei a ni.

Hetih lai hian chhungkaw tam tak chuan nun tawp lam atan hospice care an thlang mek a ni. Hospice care hian thlamuanna a pe a, dam rei zawk aiin nunphung tha zawk a ngaihtuah zawk a ni. Dementia kaihhnawih natna avanga thi tam tak chuan an thihna certificate-ah he thu hi an nei lo. Hei hi a chhan chu an thihna complication – entirnan, pneumonia – chu a aiah list a nih vang a ni. A chhan dang chu mi tam tak chu an thih hmain official-in dementia an vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih loh vang pawh a ni thei.

Dementia stage hrang hrang a awm em?

Dementia hi chi hrang hranga thliar hran theih ni lo mah se, a chi thum a awm a, chu chu a tlangpuiin Alzheimer natna a ni. Heng mizia te hi dementia chi hrang hrangah a awm fo thin.

A tir lam (Mild Stage) 1.1.

Hemi hun chhung hian anmahniin thil an la ti thei tho. An khalh thei a, hnathawhna hmunah an kal thei a, an inpawh thei bawk. Alzheimer natna vei tan chuan hriat theih loh tur inthlak danglamna thenkhat a awm a, mahse thiante hnai tak tak leh chhungte chuan an hre thei.

Harsatnate chu hetiang hi a ni thei:

• Mi pakhat an inhmelhriattir hnuah an hming an theihnghilh thin.
• Thil engemaw zat a bo emaw, a hmun dik lo emaw a awm.
• Thu dik tak hmuh a har fo thin.
• Hnathawh tur ruahmanna siam, ruahmanna siam, enkawl, tihfel harsa.
• Ka chhiar chu ka theihnghilh fo thin.

Moderate Stage a ni

Alzheimer natna vei middle stage-a awmte chu kum tam tak chhung chu he stage-ah hian an awm thei a ni. Ṭanpuina nen nitin hnathawhnaah an tel thei a ni. Tunah chuan symptoms a chiang tawh.

Harsatnate chu hetiang hi a ni thei:

• Eng kum/hun nge a nih leh khawiah nge a awm tih hi ka buai hle.
• Thil thleng theihnghilh, mimal chanchin (phone number, address, school kal) hriat reng theih loh.
• Mihring nihna, rilru put hmang leh nungchang inthlak danglamna, entîr nân, rinhlelhna nei, thil hmuh theih loh hmuh, leh thil inang chiah sawi nawn leh nawn leh.
• Chhun/zan mut dan a inthlak thin.
• Zun leh/ emaw zun leh bawlhhlawh control harsa.
• Hun emaw, hun emaw atana inrem lo thawmhnaw hak.
• Kal kual leh bo mai mai.

Stage na tak a ni

Alzheimer natna hnuhnûng lama awmte chu an tawng thei lo va, an chhehvela thil thlengte pawh an hre lo va, an taksa chetna pawh an thunun thei lo.

Harsatnate chu hetiang hi a ni thei:

• Thusawi a har a, thumal emaw thumal tlemte chauh pawh a ni mai thei.
• Kal a har khawp mai.
• A ei harsa khawp mai.
• Hri kai awlsam tak, a bik takin pneumonia.
• Darkar 24 chhung enkawl an mamawh a ni.

Dementia i vei tih hriat hmasak chuan nang leh i chhungte chu nun awmze nei tak nei tura ruahmanna siam turin a pui thei che a ni. Dan anga, sum leh pai, leh hriselna atana i ruahmanna leh duhthusamte chu a felfai thei ang bera siam turin a pui thei bawk che a ni. I medical team te, doctor te, social worker te, hospice worker te, leh sakhaw hruaitute chuan nangmah emaw, i hmangaih tak emaw tan zirna, tanpuina leh enkawlna pe turin an inpeih reng a ni. Tin, i team-te hnenah i awmna hmuna dementia support group-te chungchang zawt bawk ang che. Support group te hi care tips insemna hmun tha tak a ni thei a, thlamuanna hmuhna tur leh nangmah chauh i ni lo tih hriatna hmun tha tak a ni thei bawk.

A tawp berah chuan i hriat reng tur thilte

Dementia hi natna khirh tak a ni. Amaherawhchu, hriat hmasak a pawimawh. Hei hian nang leh i chhungte chu ruahmanna tul tak siam turin a pui ang a, dan lam, sum leh pai leh hriselna lam thilte pawh i buaipui thei bawk ang. I medical team, social worker leh midangte pawhin tanpui turin an inpeih vek a ni. Dementia vei enkawl hi thil awlsam a ni lo va, chuvangin tanpuina leh puihna dil hreh ngai suh. Nangmah chauh i ni lo tih hre reng ang che.

` Dementia, Alzheimer's, hriatrengna hloh, thluak hriselna, tar, finna tlahniam, theihnghilh