I ha ah hian var/brown spot i nei em? Fluorosis a ni tih i hre lo mai thei! Hemi chungchang hi han sawi ila!

I ha i en tawh em, a nih loh leh i fa ha i en a, a dum te te, a chang chuan a sen hring te i hmu tawh em? Mi thenkhat chuan an ruh leh ruhkawr ah natna an nei thin a, chu chuan kea kal a ti harsa thin. Chung thil lo awm chhan pakhat chu kan taksaah hian mineral fluoride an tih hi a tam lutuk vang a ni. Chu chu fluorosis kan tih chu a ni. Hlau suh, hei hi i hriat veleh natna khirh tak niin ngai suh. Hemi chungchang hi awlsam takin, i hriatthiam theih dan tur angin sawi ila.

Fluorosis hi eng nge ni tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, fluorosis hi taksaa fluoride tam lutuk avanga lo awm a ni. Fluoride hi naturally occurring mineral a ni a, lei leh tuiah a awm a. A dik tak chuan, a tlem berah chuan ha hring lo turin a pui thin. Chuvang chuan toothpaste thenkhatah chuan fluoride a awm tih i hre tawh mai thei. Mahse, eng thil pawh ang bawkin a tam lutuk chuan i hriselna a tichhe thei a ni. "Eng thil pawh tam lutuk hi a tha lo" an tih angin. Kan tui in pawh hian fluoride engemaw zat a pai a. I awmna hmun azirin i tui hman chhunga fluoride awm zat chu a tlem emaw, a tam emaw pawh a ni thei. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services ang pawlte chuan kan tui in tur a fluoride level tha ber chu 0.7 milligrams (mg/L) vel a ni an ti. Hei hian ha natna tihziaawmna kawngah a puih rualin hriselna lama harsatna dang thlen lo tur balance neih a pawimawh tihna a ni.

Fluorosis chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Fluorosis hi chi hrang hrang lian tak tak a awm a. Eng nge an nih hi han thlir ila:

Dental Fluorosis hi eng nge ni?

Hei hi kan hmuh leh kan sawi tam ber chi a ni. I ha a nghawng a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hi fluoride i ei tam lutuk hian a lo awm a, a bik takin i dam chhung kum riat hmasa berah, i ha a lo insiam lai hian a lo awm thin. Dental Fluorosis hi a na lo atanga na tak thlengin a awm thei. Mahse, dinhmun hrehawm tak a ni lo. Cosmetic problem anga ngaih a ni fo a, chu chu i ha lan dan a nghawng tihna a ni. A tlangpuiin i ha hnathawh leh hriselnaah nghawng lian tham a nei lo.

Skeletal Fluorosis chungchang hi i zir chiang ang u

Hei hi chi khat a ni a, tlem a fimkhur a ngai hle. I ruh leh ruhkawr a nghawng a ni. Hei hian i hriselna zawng zawngah nghawng tha lo tak a nei thei a ni. Entirnan , osteoporosis ( ruh chak lo leh chhe awlsamna), arthritis (ruh natna), leh hun rei tak chhung ruh natna te a awm thei. Hetiang dinhmun hi kum tam tak chhunga fluoride tam lutuk ei chhunzawm zel a nih chuan a thleng thin.

Non-skeletal Fluorosis tih hi eng nge ni?

Hei hi a takah chuan skeletal fluorosis natna hmasa ber a ni. I chaw ei dan (gastrointestinal tract) a nghawng ber a ni . Hei hian a awmzia chu pum na, chaw ei kham, riltam, pum na, ei duh lohna te ang chi symptoms i nei thei tihna a ni.

Fluorosis hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

Dental Fluorosis hi khawvel hmun hrang hranga hmuh tur awm fo a ni. America ang ramah hian mihring 23% velin he natna hi an nei niin an sawi. Mahse, America ram ang ramah chuan Skeletal Fluorosis hi a tlem hle. Mahse, Asia leh Africa hmun thenkhatah chuan a awm fo (endemic) a ni. A bik takin India leh China ramah chuan damlo an awm tam ber. Khawvela mi engzat nge he skeletal fluorosis vei hi sawi chian a har hle. Mahse, zirchianna pakhatah chuan fluoride tamna hmuna awm mi 445 zinga 94 chuan he natna hi an nei tih hmuhchhuah a ni. Tunah chuan en teh, America ram hmun tam takah chuan tui chhunga fluoride level hi a hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan liter khatah milligram 0.7 (mg/L) aiin a tlem zawk a ni. Chuvangin chuta tualchhung thuneitu tam tak chuan tui in tur ah fluoride an dah tel thin. Mahse, khawvel hmun dang, entirnan Asia leh Africa ram thenkhatah chuan leihnuai tui (natural groundwater) ah hian fluoride a tam hle. India ramah chuan tui in tur a fluoride awm zat chu liter khatah milligram 2.37 (mg/L) vel niin an sawi. Hmun thenkhatah chuan litre khatah milligram 9.22 (mg/L) vel a sang tih hmuhchhuah a ni bawk. Chuvangin, chutiang hmuna chengte chu fluorosis vei an hlauhawm zawk a ni. Sri Lanka-ah pawh hmun thenkhat a awm a, a bik takin dry zone-ah chuan tui chhunga fluoride level ngaihtuah a ngai a ni. Chuvang chuan i awmna hmuna tui awmte hriat chian a pawimawh hle.

Fluorosis natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

Fluorosis i neih chi hrang hrang a zirin symptoms a inang lo. A tlangpuiin fluoride i ei tam poh leh i natna lan chhuah dan chu a na zual thei a ni.

Dental Fluorosis natna lan chhuah dan

Ha fluorosis chhinchhiahna awmchhun chu ha rawng danglam hi a ni. He rawng danglam hi a natna nasat dan azirin a danglam thei. Ha enkawltu doctor-te chuan a hnuaia thumalte hi an hmang a, chu chu an thliar hrang a ni:

• Zawhna awm thei: Hmun dum hring hring tlemte leh hmun dum tlemte chauh .
• Very mild: Ha chunglam 25% aia tlem lo khuh thei hmun dum hring hring.
• Mild: Ha chunglam 50% aia tlem khuh thei hmun dum hring hring.
• Moderate: Ha chunglam 50% aia tam ah hian a dum emaw, a sen hring emaw a awm.
• Nasa:I ha chung zawng zawngah a dum, a dum hring emaw, a dum hring emaw a awm vek. I ha pawh hian pitting te te a nei thei a, enamel pawh a chhe tawh angin a lang thei bawk.

Skeletal leh Non-skeletal Fluorosis natna lan chhuah dan

Non-skeletal fluorosis nena inzawm symptom hmasa berte chu:

• Pum a na
• Bloating a awm
• Ek khal
• Kawthalo
• Joint na leh a nghet lo
• Hnung lam natna
• Muscle tihchhiat a ni
• Nausea leh luak chhuak

A natna a zual zel a, skeletal fluorosis symptoms a lo lang tan chuan a hnuaia mi hi i tawng thei ang:

• Ruh tliak a awm
• Ruh leh ruhro (spinal deformities) a awm
• Mild cognitive impairment - chu chu hriatrengna leh ngaihvenna ang chi thila harsatna tenau te tihna a ni
• Myelopathy - ruhro (spinal cord) compression avanga natna
• Osteosclerosis - ruh a thim dan pangngai lo
• Radiculopathy - ruhro chhunga nerve pinched avanga natna
• Vun a hring chhuak
• Mut lama harsatna nei

Fluorosis awm chhante chu engte nge ni?

Fluorosis hi fluoride ei tam lutuk vang a ni. Chumi awmzia chu hun rei tak chhung fluoride i ei tam lutuk tihna a ni. Hetiang thil thleng dan hi fluorosis chi hrang hrang a zirin a inang lo. Dental Fluorosis hi naupang ha nghet tak chu a hmui hnuaiah a la thang reng a, chu chu fluoride tam lutuk ei chhunzawm zel a nih chuan a awm thin. Hei hi tui emaw bawnghnute atanga siam fluoride tamna in emaw, fluoride toothpaste tam tak ei vang emaw a ni thei. Skeletal leh Non-skeletal Fluorosis hi kum eng pawha mi pakhatin kum engemaw zat chhunga fluoride a ei tam lutuk hian a awm thin. Hei hi fluoride tamna tui in vang emaw, fluoride tamna tui hmanga siam tea leh coffee ang chi in tur in chhunzawm zel vang te pawh a ni thei.

Fluorosis vei theihna tur risk factors

Risk factor chu natna chi khat lo awm theihna chance tipungtu thil a ni. A hnuaia tarlan te hi fluorosis vei theihna tur risk factors te an ni:

• Leihnuai tuiah fluoride tamna hmuna awm.
• Tui in tur a fluoride awm zat hi litre khatah 0.7 milligram (mg/L) aia tam a ni tlangpui.
• Fluoride toothpaste tam tak ei fo thin. (Tlemte ei hi a pawi lo. Amaherawhchu, hun rei tak chhunga tam ei chuan fluorosis a thlen thei a ni.)
• Fluoride awmna nausen chaw ei tur fluoride awmna tui nena chawhpawlh rei tak pek. (Fluoride-containing formula i hman chuan fluoride tel lo tui hmangin siam rawh. Fluoride-containing water i hman chuan fluoride tel lo infant formula zawng rawh.)

In chhunga thil siam ṭhenkhat, sealant, lubricant, leh air dust cleaner-ah te hian fluorocarbons a awm a. Heng chemicals hi inhnim chingte hian skeletal leh non-skeletal fluorosis an vei theihna a sang hle. Heng chemicals avanga zu ruih hian seizures, arrhythmias, leh thihna thut hial a thlen thei a ni.

Heng thilte hi addict i nih a, i dam leh theihna tura tanpuina i mamawh a nih chuan damdawi lam thurawn emaw, counseling emaw dik tak i lak a pawimawh hle.

Engtin nge Fluorosis hi an hriat theih?

Ha enkawltu chuan ha enfiahna pangngaiah ha fluorosis a nei tih a hmuchhuak thei a ni. A châng chuan, i ha X-ray pawh an la thei a, chu chuan natna dang a neih loh nan an hmang thei bawk. Skeletal leh Non-skeletal Fluorosis hi hriat a harsa deuh thei a, a chhan chu a natna lan chhuah dan hi natna dang tam tak nen a inang a ni. Chuvangin doctor-te chuan test tlemte an tih a ngai tlangpui. Chûng zîngah chuan:

• I ruhte enfiah nan imaging test neih thin. Entirnan X-ray , CT scan (Computed Tomography scan) , leh ruh density test (DXA) te hi a ni.
• Thisen test hmangin i serum-a fluoride awm zat enfiah thin ang che.
• Urinalysis hmangin i zun a fluoride level enfiah thin ang che.

Fluorosis enkawlna tur engte nge ni?

Fluorosis enkawl dan hi fluorosis i neih chi hrang hrang a zirin a inang lo. Ha fluorosis hi cosmetic dentistry hmangin siamthat theih a ni. Skeletal fluorosis enkawl dan hi a buaithlak deuh. Thil engemaw zatah a innghat a, a bik takin a natna lanchhuahna nasat dan leh taksa peng engte nge a nghawng tih a innghat.

Ha Fluorosis enkawl dan

Ha fluorosis i neih chuan i ha enkawltu chuan heng cosmetic treatment zinga pakhat hi a rawn rawt thei ang:

• Ha var: I ha enkawltu chuan hun bituk chhung atan i ha ah bleaching gel a hnawih ang. He gel hian i ha enamel a ti light ang a, fluorosis spots nen a inmil ang. Hei hi fluorosis vei na lo enkawlna atan an hmang fo thin.
• Dental bonding: Hetiang method ah hian dentist chuan ha rawng composite resin hmangin fluorosis stains te chu a khuh thin. Chumi hnuah ha chu an shape a, an polish a, mawi takin an titawp a ni.
• Ha veneer: Hei hi resin emaw porcelain emaw a siam shell te tak te a ni a, i ha hmalam chu a khuh a ni. Veneer hi mimal tinte tana siam a nih avangin, i mamawh ang size dik tak a nih theih nan ha impression lak a ni.
• Ha lallukhum: Hengte pawh hi ha khuhna tur custom-made a ni bawk. I ha zawng zawng an khuh vek. Crown chu a fit tha theih nan i natural tooth enamel tlemte chu i paih chhuah a ngai a ni.
• Enamel microabrasion: Hetiang tih danah hian ha enkawltu chuan i ha enamel layer te tak te tak chu a paih chhuak thin. Hei hian fluorosis stain tam tak a paih chhuak thei a ni. Vawi tam tak chu doctor-te pawhin i ha rawng inang tlang turin enamel microabrasion hnuah ha var an ti bawk ang.

Skeletal leh Non-skeletal Fluorosis enkawl dan

A tum ber chu buaina bulpui tihbo hi a ni. Chutiang tur chuan i tui in tur atanga fluoride i paih chhuah a ngai a ni. I tui filter nan reverse osmosis , distillation , emaw activated carbon filter ang chi method i hmang thei bawk. (Tui lum hian chutiang chu a ti thei lo vang. Tui lum hian tui atanga bawlhhlawh paih chhuak mahse, fluoride hi lumnain a tihchhiat theih thil a ni lo va, a chak hle bawk.) Chu bakah, doctor-te chuan enkawl dan tur an rawt thei bawk ang:

• Anabolic steroid te chu:Heng damdawi te hian ruh natna lanchhuahna a tiziaawm thei a ni.
• Calcium leh Vitamin D: Heng pahnih hi ei dun chuan ruh density a tihniam thei a ni. I intestines atanga fluoride i lakluh dan pawh a nghawng thei bawk.
• NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs): Heng damdawi te hian skeletal fluorosis avanga natna leh hliam lo awm thin te chu a thunun thei a ni.

Hei hi list kimchang a ni lo. I doctor chuan i mamawh ang zela enkawlna ruahmanna a siam ang.

Fluorosis hi ven theih a ni em?

Fluorosis venna awmchhun chu fluoride i ei zat control hi a ni. Tips tlemte chu hetiang hi a ni:

• I awmna hmuna tuiah fluoride dah chungchanga dan leh hrai awmte chu i awmna hmuna water board emaw, a kaihhnawih agency emaw hnenah zawt rawh.
• I tuikhuah tui emaw municipal tui supply-a fluoride awm zat enfiah rawh.
• I awmna hmuna fluoride awm zat hi hrechiang rawh.

I fain fluorosis a vei theihna tur tihtlem nan fluoride a ei tam danah fimkhur rawh. I fate chu fluoride tam lutuk pek loh tur a ni a, ha chhuah lai hian a zat dik tak an hmuh ngei ngei tur a ni. He balance hi i fa hriselna atan a pawimawh hle.

Fluorosis natna vei hian eng nge beisei tur?

Dental Fluorosis result hi a tha tlangpui a, a chhan chu natna hlauhawm tak a nih loh avangin. Ha enkawlna hmangin siamthat theih a ni. Skeletal Fluorosis atanga chhuak tur chu i hriat chhuah thuai danah a innghat a ni. Fluoride ei kha i chawlhsan hma chuan hun rei tak chhung dam leh theihna chance a sang zawk.

Fluorosis hi eng chen nge a awm?

A tlangpuiin fluorosis hi reversible condition a ni lo. Chu chu vawi khat a lo thlen chuan a bo lo tihna a ni. Zirna thenkhatah chuan enkawlna hian skeletal fluorosis symptoms chu eng emaw chen a ti tha thei tih hmuhchhuah a ni. Mahse a tir atanga i symptoms nasat danah a innghat.

Engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

Fluorosis i vei a nih chuan, a nih loh leh a tamna hmunah i awm a nih chuan, i tih theih ṭha ber chu hriattir hi a ni. I tui in tur ah hian fluoride engzat nge awm tih chiang takin hre rawh. Chutiang level i hriat hnu chuan i hriselna chungchangah thutlukna dik tak i siam thei ang.

Engtikah nge doctor i hmuh ang?

Ha fluorosis i vei nia i hriat chuan i ha enkawltu hnenah enkawl dan tur sawipui rawh. Tin, skeletal fluorosis symptoms, ruh natna, ruh na, ruh tliak fo thin ang chi i neih thut chuan doctor hnenah i hrilh tur a ni. A chhan zawng turin test a run thei bawk.

Fluoride hian a tlem chuan kan ha a tichak a, a chhe lo turin a veng bawk. Mahse a tam lutuk chuan a tichhe thei a ni. Hriatna hi thiltihtheihna a ni. Fluorosis laka inven dan tha ber chu fimkhur hi a ni. I tui lakna chu enfiah rawh. Tuiah fluoride dah chungchanga i awmna hmuna dan awmte chu zawng rawh. Fluoride hian i hriselna a nghawng dan chungchanga zawhna chiang tak i neih chuan i doctor nen inbia ang che.

He thuziak atanga hriat reng tur pawimawh ber (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, chuvangin, kan sawi tawh atang chuan hengte hi i hriat reng tur pawimawh ber berte chu an ni:

• Fluorosis hi taksaa fluoride tam lutuk vang a ni.
• A chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu Dental Fluorosis (ha tichhe thei) leh Skeletal Fluorosis (ruh leh ruh tichhe thei) te an ni.
• Dental Fluorosis hian ha ah var/brown a siam a, mahse a na lo. Cosmetic treatment hmangin siamthat theih a ni.
• Skeletal Fluorosis hi a na deuh deuh a, ruh natna leh ruh tliak a thlen thei bawk.
• A pawimawh ber chu i tui in tur a fluoride awm zat hriat chian hi a ni.
• I fate ha an chhuah lai hian fluoride toothpaste ei hi fimkhur rawh.
• Symptoms i neih chuan doctor thurawn la nghal rawh.

Fluoride hi a tlem berah kan mamawh a ni tih hre reng ang che. Buaina chu a tam lutuk hi a ni. Chuvangin, hei hi kan zavaiin kan hriat chian a, mahni leh kan fate hriselna humhalh a pawimawh hle. Fluorosis, Fluoride, Ha hring, Ruh natna, Tui in tur, Ha hriselna, Minerals