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Glaucoma chungchang i zir dawn teh ang: The silent thief of sight

Glaucoma chungchang i zir dawn teh ang: The silent thief of sight | Nirogi Lanka chuan a rawn ti a

Physician Reviewed — Not Medical Advice

I mit hmuh chu eng ang taka hlu nge a nih tak tak tih ngaihtuah turin i chawl ngai em? Kan mit hi khawvel kan window a nih laiin, a chang chuan ngawi rengin dinhmun khirh tak takin a nghawng thei a ni. Chutiang dinhmun pakhat chu glaucoma a ni. Hlauhawm tak angin lang mah se, a hmaa hriatthiamna chuan i mit hmuhna humhimna kawngah khawvel danglamna a thlen thei a ni.

A awlsam zawngin, glaucoma hi mit natna chi khat a ni a, i mit chhunga pressure a sang zauh zauh a, mit hnung lama thil chi hrang hrang, a langsar ber chu mit nerve a tichhia a ni. Tire inflated lutuk angin han ngaihtuah teh—a chhunga pressure a san lutuk chuan chhiatna a thlen a ni. Glaucoma hi a tlangpuiin zawi zawiin a lo awm a, hun kal zelah a na zual zel . Enkawl loh chuan mitdelna a thlen thei a, a nasat chuan mitdelna a thlen thei bawk. Dik tak chuan khawvel puma mitdelna thlentu lian ber pahnihna chu glaucoma a ni.

Glaucoma diagnosis dawng emaw, hlauhawma i awm tih hriat emaw chuan a buaithlak thei hle. Kan thil tih zawng zawng deuhthaw hi kan mit hmuhnaah kan innghat a, chu chu hloh tur ngaihtuahna chu a pianphungah chuan hlauhawm tak a ni. Mahse, thu lawmawm ber chu glaucoma chi tam zawk hi enkawl theih a ni a, a bik takin a hmaa hmuhchhuah a nih chuan enkawl theih a ni. Damdawi lam enkawlna dik leh enkawlna mumal tak i neih chuan mitdelna chu i ti slow thei a, a nih loh leh i pumpelh vek thei bawk.

Glaucoma natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni a, engtin nge i hmuh theih ang?

A tir lamah chuan glaucoma hian a lan chhuahna engmah a nei lo fo . Silent thief of sight ang maiin a che thin. Hei vang hian mi tam tak chuan chhiatna nasa tak, tihdanglam theih loh a thlen tawh hma chuan an nei tih an hre lo.

A chhinchhiahna hmuh chhuah tlangpui:

A ngawih fo laiin, heng thil awm thei thilte hi en reng ang che:

Emergency attention mamawh symptoms te!

Angle-closure glaucoma ang chi chi thenkhat chuan natna lan chhuahna rang tak, na tak tak a thlen thei a ni. Hetiang hunah hian mitdelna awm reng tur ven nan i hnaih ber emergency department-ah damdawi lam pan nghal rawh. Emergency chhinchhiahna te chu:

  • Iris hmaa thisen awm (hyphema) .
  • Mit lian emaw, bulging (buphthalmos, naupangte zingah a bik takin hmuh tur) .
  • Mit na a awm a, chu chu luak chhuak leh luak chhuak a ni
  • Zan lama lirthei khalh lai ang chi, light chhehvela rainbow rawng halo hmuh
  • Floater (a dum te te emaw, thread ang chi emaw) lo awm nghal emaw, lo pung emaw .
  • Hmuh theihna hloh nghal, sawifiah theih loh eng pawh
  • I mit hmuhna hmuna êng rawn eng nghal ( photopsias ) .

Engvangin nge glaucoma hi a lo awm?

Glaucoma thlentu ber chu optic nerve tihchhiat a ni a , chu chu i mit aṭanga i thluak thlenga hmuh theih thute thawn chhuaktu cable pawimawh tak angin a thawk a ni. Hei hi a chhan chiang tak awm lovin a thleng thei a, mahse, a hlauhawm ber chu mit chhunga mit pressure sang hi a ni .

Kan mit hian a pianphungah aqueous humor an tih tui a siam chhuak a, chu chuan tissue te chu a chawm a ni. Mit hrisel takah chuan he tui hi mesh ang chi system hmangin a chhuak a, chu chu trabecular meshwork an ti a ni. Tui tank, drainage pipe nei ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh; pipe a block chuan tui a sang chho thin. Glaucoma-ah chuan drainage channel-te chu a tikhawlo emaw, tui luang tur a dodal emaw a, chu chuan mit chhungah a pungkhawm a, pressure a tisang a, a tawpah chuan optic nerve a tichhia a ni.

Glaucoma chi hrang hrang a awm em?

Ni e, engemaw zat a awm a, mahse a tlangpuiin hetiang hian an inthen a ni:

  • Primary open-angle glaucoma: Hei hi a tam ber a ni. Drainage angle a inhawng reng a, mahse meshwork chu zawi zawiin a inkhar a, sink drain-a bawlhhlawh paih ang chi a ni. Zawi zawiin a kal zel avangin a tir lamah chuan symptom a nei lo fo thin.
  • Primary angle-closure glaucoma: Hei hi iris hmalam pan a, drainage angle a tihtlem emaw, a block vek emaw hian a thleng thin. Mit lens chu hmalam pan a inthlak thei a, chu chuan tui a kal tlang thei lo. Hei hi mit na tak leh sen hring chhuak, emergency condition a ni fo thin .
  • Secondary glaucoma: Hei hi thil dang, taksa mit hliam, pigmentary dispersion syndrome, inflammatory conditions uveitis ang chi, damdawi bik hun rei tak hman (corticosteroids ang chi), emaw, operation hnua harsatna awm vang a ni.
  • Congenital glaucoma: He chi hi pian tirh atangin hmasawnna lama harsatna (aniridia, Marfan syndrome, emaw congenital rubella syndrome ang chi) vang a ni. I naute mit chu a tlangpuiin a lian lo hle tih i hriat chuan, tui a tla reng tih i hriat chuan, a nih loh leh light-sensitive ang maiin a lang a nih chuan doctor thurawn la nghal rawh.

Glaucoma vei theihna tur risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

Glaucoma lo awm chhan hi risk factor engemaw zat a awm a. Chu chu eng nge ni tih hi han en ila:

  • Kum: Glaucoma chi hrang hrang tam zawk hian kum 40 chunglamte a nghawng a (congenital glaucoma hi hei hi a danglamna ber a ni). Mithiamte chuan kum 75 chunglam zinga 10% velin glaucoma an vei niin an chhut. Hei hian i tar chhoh zel chuan i mit hriselna chungchangah fimkhur a pawimawh zual tihna a ni.
  • Hnam/Ro hlu: African hnam chhuak mimal, a bik takin African-Caribbean hnam ro hlute chu primary open-angle glaucoma vei an tam hle. Tin, Asian leh Inuit hnam chhuakte chu angle-closure glaucoma vei an hlauhawm zawk bawk.
  • Gender: Hmeichhia hian angle-closure glaucoma an vei theihna a sang zawk. Mithiamte chuan hei hi mit structure-a hmeichhia leh mipa inthlauhna vang ber niin an ngai.
  • Refractive Errors: Myopia (nearsightedness) i neih chuan open-angle glaucoma i vei theihna a sang zawk. Chumi kalh zawng chuan hyperopia (farsightedness) i neih chuan angle-closure glaucoma vei theihna a sang zawk.
  • Chhûngkaw Chanchin: I chhûngkuaa mi tu emaw—a bîk takin nu leh pa, fa, a nih loh leh unau—chuan glaucoma a vei chuan i hlauhawmna a sang hle. Zunthlum emaw thisen sang emaw ang chi dinhmun ang bawkin hei hian genetic component a nei thei a ni. Secondary glaucoma chi thenkhat pawh hi thlahtute atanga lo chhuak a ni bawk.
  • Chronic Illnesses: Zirchianna atanga a lan dan chuan hypertension leh diabetes ang chi natna khirh tak nei te hian glaucoma an vei theihna a sang zawk. Heng dinhmunte hi uluk taka enkawl hi i mit hmuhna humhimna atan a pawimawh hle.

Glaucoma natna hian eng harsatna nge a thlen?

I mit chhunga pressure awm chu thunun loha dah a nih chuan eng nge thleng ang tih ngaihtuah rawh. Enkawlna tel lo chuan glaucoma hian i retina leh optic nerve a tichhia a, a tawpah chuan i hnathawh a tichhe thei a ni.Hei vang hian glaucoma complication ber chu mitdelna a ni a, a tawpah chuan mitdelna (total blindness) thlengin a kal thei a ni.

A tawp bera result, specialist-te’n absolute glaucoma tia an sawi fo chuan mit natna chu a mit a tidel vek a ni. Mit pawh khawih harsa a ti thei a, a châng chuan natna nasa tak a awm bawk.

Engtin nge glaucoma hi hmuhchhuah a nih?

Mit lam doctor chuan mit enfiahna kimchang tak hmangin glaucoma a hre thei a ni. Dik tak chuan heng exam-te hian glaucoma hi i hriat hmain leh chhiatna nasa tak a thlen hmain a hmuchhuak thei fo thin. Heng test tam tak neih chhung hian i doctor chuan i mitmeng chu a tizau (mydriasis) turin drop a hmang ang a, chu chuan i mit chhungah chiang takin a hmu thei ang.

Diagnostic test hman tlanglawn tak takte chu:

  • Visual acuity testing: Hmun hrang hranga i hmuh theih dan enfiah.
  • Visual field testing: I peripheral vision leh range of sight te endik.
  • Depth perception testing a ni.
  • Tonometry: I mit chhunga pressure tehna. Hei hian boruak puff emaw, mit nena zawi zawia inzawmna siam thei hmanraw bik emaw a hmang a ni.
  • Pachymetry: I mit hmalam chiang tak, i mit (cornea) thickness tehna.
  • Slit lamp exam: Specialized microscope hmangin i mit insiam dan chipchiar takin enfiah rawh.
  • Gonioscopy: Lens bik hmangin i mit drainage angle enfiah thin ang che.

I doctor chuan i retina emaw optic nerve emaw a chhiat nia a rinhlelh chuan advanced eye imaging an rawt thei a, chu chu:

  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT): Mit layer nalh tak tak, a bik takin mit nerve fibers thickness te a scan thin.
  • Fluorescein angiography: I mit a thisen kalna kawng enfiahna test a ni.
  • Ultrasound hmanga thlalak lak a ni.
  • A tlem berah chuan: CT scan emaw MRI scan emaw.

Glaucoma enkawlna tur engte nge ni?

Glaucoma enkawl hian a tum ber chu natna a zual zel loh nan i mit chhunga pressure tihhniam hi a ni. Enkawlna kawng pawimawh engemaw zat a awm a:

  • Damdawi: Hengte hi mit pressure tihhniam nan an pek ber a ni. Ocular hypertension i neih chuan heng damdawi te hian glaucoma lo awm tur a veng thei a, a chhiatna dang pawh a titawp thei bawk. A tlangpuiin mittui tlakna emaw, damdawi ei emaw hmanga pek thin an ni. Heng damdawi te hi i doctor-in a tih ang chiaha i hman a pawimawh hle.
  • Glaucoma surgery: Heng procedure te hian mit pressure tihhniam nan aqueous humor drainage awlsam zawka siam a tum a ni. Thil thlan theihte chu trabeculectomy (drainage pathway thar siam), tube shunt (drainage tube te tak te dah), laser therapy (laser hmanga blockage tihfai), leh minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries (MIGS) te a ni.

I enkawlna tur ruahmanna chu glaucoma i neih chi leh a chhiatna zau zawng a zirin i duh angin i siam ang. I mit lam doctor hi i mamawh bik atana strategy tha ber thlan kawngah i thawhpui tha ber a ni.

Glaucoma natna neia nun dan tur chu eng nge ni?

Glaucoma enkawl loh chuan mitdelna leh mitdelna a thlen ngei ang. Mahse, enkawl dan dik tak chuan natna zual zel chu i ti hniam thei emaw, i titawp thei fo bawk. Damlo tin case hi a danglam bik avangin i specific prognosis leh management plan chu Nirogi Lanka-a i ophthalmologist nen i sawiho tur a ni.

Glaucoma hi ven theih a ni em?

Vanduaithlak takin glaucoma hi a veng thei ngai lo. Mahse, a hmaa hmuhchhuah leh enkawl hian mit pressure control nan a pui thei a, mit hmuh lohna a veng thei a, nasa takin a tikhawtlai thei bawk. Step pawimawh tak tak i tih theihte chu:

  • Mit enfiah fo thin: Hengte hian symptoms a lan hmain mit pressure sang tak a hmuchhuak thei.Kum 40 i pass hnuah, a bik takin i chhungkuaah glaucoma vei tawh a nih chuan kum tin mit enfiah hi a tha hle.
  • Mit hypertension enkawl dan: I mit pressure chu a tlangpui aia sang a nih chuan i mit venhim nan i doctor rawtna kha khauh takin zawm tur a ni.
  • Risk factors control: Hypertension leh diabetes ang chi natna khirh tak tak enkawl hi a pawimawh hle. Tin, mit hliam lo turin mit venna mitmeng hmang fo bawk ang che.

Mit na tak, na tak emaw, mitdelna emaw i neih chuan i hnaih ber emergency department tlawh nghal rawh.

Glaucoma ka vei a nih chuan engtin nge ka inven theih ang?

Glaucoma i vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan i tih theih ṭha ber pakhat chu i mit lam doctor-in enkawlna leh natna enkawlna chungchanga a thupekte kha khauh taka zawm hi a ni. I nunphung emaw, i tih dân emaw inthlâk danglamna chiang tak an rawt thei a ni. Heng rawtnate hi a hnuaia mi ang hian a ni thei:

  • Symptom thar emaw, i mit hmuhna inthlak danglamna emaw ngaihthah ngai suh .
  • Taksa rihna hrisel tak vawn reng.
  • Taksa chak taka awm reng (mahse, i doctor hnenah eng exercise nge tih loh tur tih zawt fo ang che , inverted yoga pose ang chi activity thenkhat chuan intraocular pressure a tisang thei a ni).
  • I specialist-in a rawt angin follow-up appointment zawng zawngah tel vek.

Chu bâkah, natna lan chhuahna thar i hmuh chuan, i enkawlna chu a hlawhtling lo hle nia i hriat a nih chuan, emaw, ni tin nun tibuaitu side effect i neih chuan i doctor chu biak nghal rawh.

Engtikah nge damdawi lam pan tur?

Glaucoma chi thenkhat, angle-closure glaucoma te hi an kal chak hle. Mit hmuhna hloh reng tur ven nan chuan damdawi lam pan vat a ngai a ni . A hnuaia chhinchhiahnate hi a lo lang nghal emaw, a zual deuh emaw a nih chuan emergency care zawng nghal rawh:

  • Mit na tak emaw pressure emaw
  • Lu na nasa tak
  • Double vision (diplopia) emaw, mit hmuh lohna (blurred vision) emaw a ni thei
  • Mit na/pressure nena inzawm natna leh luak chhuak
  • Light chhehvela ring (halo) rawng hrang hrang hmuh
  • Eng ang pawhin mit hmuhna hloh nghal mai
  • Eng zung zung (flash of light) hmuh
  • Floater (myodesopsias) lo awm nghal emaw, nasa taka pung emaw .

Ka mit lam doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

I mit lam doctor hnenah a hnuaia zawhnate hi zawh a \angkai hle ang:

  • Eng ang glaucoma nge ka neih?
  • Ka glaucoma awm chhan bulpui ber chu eng nge ni?
  • Ka enkawl dan tur chu engte nge ni a, eng nge i rawt?
  • Treatment(s) avanga side effect emaw complication awm thei te chu engte nge ni?
  • Eng symptom emaw, inthlak danglamna emaw bik nge i office call emaw, urgent care dil emaw turin min fuih tur?

Heng zawhnate hi zawt hreh suh. I dinhmun i hriatthiam poh leh i enkawlna ruahmanna chu i thlawp thei ang a, i mit hlu tak chu i humhim thei bawk ang.

Mi tam zawk tan chuan kan mit hmuhna hi kan hriatna pawimawh ber pakhat a ni. Glaucoma ang chi natna avanga mitdelna a awm theih dan tur ngaihtuaha lungkham emaw, lungkham emaw hi thil pangngai tak a ni. Thu lawmawm tak chu glaucoma hi a hmaa hriat chhuah a nih chuan enkawl theih sang tak a ni. Natna i hriat thuai a, enkawl i tan chuan a zual zel tur venna chance a sang zawk. Natna hi tihdanglam theih a nih loh laiin, enkawlna hian mitdelna nasa tak chu kum tam tak, a nih loh leh kum sawm tam tak pawh a tikhawtlai thei fo.

Take-Home Thuchah a ni

Glaucoma chungchânga kan sawiho tawhte khaikhâwm nân, heng thu pawimawh tak takte hi hre reng ang che:

  • Glaucoma hi "silent" thief a ni thei: A tir lamah chuan symptoms nei lovin a rawn lang thei. Mit enfiah fo hi a pawimawh hle a, a bik takin risk factors i neih chuan.
  • Hriat hmasak hi i invenna tha ber a ni: A hmaa hriat chhuah a nih chuan enkawlna hian mit chhiatna kal zel dan chu nasa takin a thunun thei a ni.
  • Risk factors chungchang hre reng ang che: Chhungkaw history i neih a, kum 40 aia tam i nih chuan, zunthlum emaw hypertension ang chi natna i neih chuan i fimkhur hle tur a ni.
  • Damdawi lam thurawn khauh taka zawm a pawimawh: Glaucoma i vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan i doctor-in a damdawi leh enkawlna ruahmanna dik taka zawm a pawimawh hle.
  • Emergency symptoms te chu ngaihthah suh: Mit na nghal mai, mit a fiah lo, light chhehvela halo i neih chuan emergency department emaw, i specialist emaw hnenah damdawi lam pan nghal rawh.

I mit hi a hlu a ni tih hre reng ang che. Anmahni humhalh hi mawhphurhna i chelh a ni. Thiltihtheihna nei reng la, hriatna nei reng la, hma la rawh—Nirogi Lanka puihnain glaucoma chu \ha taka enkawl chungin nun famkim i hmang thei bawk.

Thupui: Glaucoma, mit chhunga pressure, mit natna, mit hmuh lohna, mitdel, mit nerve, mit enfiah

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