Mit na hian mit a tichhe thei em? Optic Neuritis chungchang hi han sawi ila! (Optic Neuritis) tih a ni.

Mit pakhatah mit tlemte i hloh thut mai a, i mit i sawn hian natna i nei bawk ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. A hma angin rawng i hmu tha lo mai thei, a faded deuh niin a lang. Hetiang thil a thlen hian hlauhna tlem a awm hi thil pangngai a ni. Hengte hi tunlaia kan sawi tur Optic Neuritis tih natna lan chhuahna berte chu an ni. Hei hi sawi uar vak lo mah se, kan mit a nghawng avangin kan zavaia kan hriat chian a pawimawh hle.

A awlsam zawngin Optic Neuritis chu eng nge ni?

Optic Neuritis (ON) hi thluak lam natna a ni. Kan mit leh kan thluak inzawmkhawmtu nerve optic nerve inflammation vang a ni. Optic nerve hi kan mit atanga thuchah kan thluak thlenga thawn chhuaktu ‘wire’ angin han ngaihtuah teh. He 'wire' hian kan thil hmuhte chu kan thluak lamah a thawn a, "Aw, hei hi thil mak tak a ni," tiin min hrilh a ni.

Heng nerve cell te hian an chhehvelah thau khuh an nei a. Wire ang mai a ni a, a chhehvelah insulation a awm bawk. Hei hi myelin sheath kan ti a. Optic Neuritis a awm chuan he venhimna myelin sheath hi a chhe thin. Tichuan chu wire kal tlanga message kalte chu a kal tlang tha lo. Message te chu a buai ta hle mai. Chuvangin he natna hian mitdelna , natna, leh mitdelna dang a thlen thin .

Optic Neuritis chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

He dinhmun hi chi thum ah then theih a ni. Type tin hi a inang lo deuh vek a. Eng nge an nih i en ang u.

Hetiang natna lan chhuah dan hi engte nge ni?

Optic Neuritis symptoms zawng zawng deuhthaw hi kan mit leh mit hmuhna nen a inzawm vek a ni. A tam zawkah chuan heng symptoms te hi mitmeng hnung lama nerve (`retrobulbar`) tihchhiat vang a ni. A lan chhuah dan bulpui te han thlir ila.

Eng thilin nge Optic Neuritis hi a thlen?

Tunah chuan Optic Neuritis hi mit nerve inflammation avanga lo awm a ni tih kan hre ta. Chuvangin he inflammation hi a chhan awm thei engemaw zat a awm .

Autoimmune leh inflammatory natna te

Hei hi zirchiangtute chuan a chhan ber nia an rinhlelh chu a ni. Autoimmune disease chu kan taksa invenna system, immune system , chuan kan cell tha tak takte a rawn beih sual hi a ni.

• Typical Optic Neuritis: Hetiang chi hi Multiple Sclerosis (MS) tih natna nen a inzawm fo thin. Dik tak chuan mi tam tak chu Optic Neuritis an vei hian MS an vei tih hmuhchhuah hmasak ber an ni. Optic Neuritis vei zinga 50% vel chuan kum 15 chhungin MS an vei dawn tih hmuhchhuah a ni.
• Atypical Optic Neuritis: He chi hi autoimmune natna dang Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) leh MOG-antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) te nen a inzawm a ni.

Infection awm thei te

Infection hrang hrang hian nerve a tichhe thei bawk. Optic nerve pawh chutiang bawk chu a ni. Infection hian naupang tê têteah Optic Neuritis a thlen nasa hle.

• Viral infection: Virus chickenpox, herpes, cytomegalovirus, HIV, thosi atanga kai virus, leh measles te.
• Bacterial infection: Cat scratch fever, Lyme natna, TB natna, leh syphilis te.
• Fungal infection: Fungal infection Cryptococcosis leh Candidiasis te hi a awm thei.
• Parasitic infection: Toxoplasmosis hi ui atanga kai a ni a, Toxocariasis hi ui atanga kai a ni.

Ruihhlo leh toxins thenkhat

Damdawi thenkhat leh toxin dang kan ei hian hetiang hi a thlen thei bawk.

• Infection thenkhat (e.g. ethambutol) tan damdawi pek thin.
• Heart rhythm damdawi (e.g. amiodarone) te.
• Malaria damdawi (e.g. chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine) te.
• Cancer dona damdawi.
• Zuk leh hmuam leh nicotine atanga siam.
• Zu leh methanol.

Chhan dang

• Thisen pek tlem (ischemia): .Mit nerve hian thisen mamawh zat a dawng lo a nih chuan nerve cells te hi a chhe thei a ni.
• Vitamin tlakchhamna: A bik takin Vitamin B12 tlakchhamna hian nerve na tak, a tichhe reng thei a ni.
• Nerve compression: Thluak tumor emaw thil dang emaw avanga mit nerve compression.
• Diabetes (Type 2 diabetes): Zunthlum hi thunun loh chuan thisen thlum sang avanga nerve tihchhiat theihna a sang hle.

He natna hi tute nge vei theihna chance sang zawk?

Thil engemaw tak chuan Optic Neuritis vei theihna a tipung thei a ni.

• Gender: Typical type hi mipa aiin hmeichhiaah a tam zawk a, atypical type erawh mipaah ​​a tam zawk thung.
• Kum: Typical type hi kum 20 leh 40 inkar ah a tam ber a, atypical type hi kum 18 hnuai lam emaw kum 50 chunglam ah a tam zawk.
• Hnam: Mihring varte hian he natna hi an vei theihna a sang zawk.
• Hmun: Ram lum zawk, equator atanga hla zawka chengte chu MS-related optic neuritis vei theihna chance a sang deuh hlek a ni. Hei hi ni chhuahna leh vitamin D level-in a nghawng nia ngaih a ni.
• Autoimmune natna dang neih: Lupus leh sarcoidosis ang chi natna nei te hi an hlauhawm zawk.

Engtin nge doctor hian he natna hi a hriat chian tak tak?

Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan mit enkawltu specialist i pan hmasa tur a ni. I natna lan chhuah dan leh i damdawi lam chanchin a zawt ang che. Tichuan, mit enfiahna kimchang an nei ang.

Testing kalpui danah hian:

• Visual acuity enfiah.
• Visual field testing neih a ni.
• Rangkachak lo lang dan testing.
• Pupil reflexes te enin.

Heng test neih zawh hian doctor-in hei hi Optic Neuritis a nih a rinhlelh chuan test dang nei turin a refer ang che. Chung zingah chuan MRI scan hi a pawimawh hle.

MRI scan hmangin mit nerve inflammation a awm leh awm loh chiang takin a lang thei. Hei hi MS vang a ni tih rinhlelhna a awm chuan thluaka inthlak danglamna (`brain lesions`) eng pawh a zawng thei bawk.

Tin, thisen test leh zun test te pawh hi infection emaw, NMO emaw MOGAD ang chi natna laka antibodies awm leh awm loh enfiah nan tih theih a ni bawk. A chang chuan lumbar puncture pawh tih theih a ni.

Hei hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

Optic neuritis enkawl dan tlangpui pahnih a awm a.

1. Inflammation tihziaawmna tur steroid: Steroid hi thisenah (IV) ni 3-5 chhung pek a ni fo thin. Hei hian nerve-a swelling leh inflammation a tihziaawm thuai thei a, natna a tiziaawm thei a, mit hmuhna a siam tha thei bawk. Tichuan, i doctor chuan hun rei lote chhunga ei tur pill angin steroid a pe thei che a ni. Heng damdawi te hi doctor-in a tih ang chiaha ei a pawimawh.

2. A chhan bulpui enkawl dan: Infection avanga lo awm a nih chuan antibiotics pek a ni ang. NMO emaw MOGAD ang chi autoimmune disease avanga lo awm a nih chuan plasma exchange (PLEX) ang chi enkawlna bik i neih a ngai mai thei.

I doctor chuan i dinhmun enkawlna tha ber tur a ruat ang.

Hetiang dinhmun hi eng chen nge a awm ang? Ka vision hi a lo kir leh dawn em ni?

Hei hi natna chi hrang hrang, enkawlna i dawn dan leh i taksain a chhan dan azirin a inang lo.

• Typical Optic Neuritis: Hei hi hun rei lote chhunga harsatna awm thei a ni fo. Ni reilote hnuah a natna chu a reh ta. Mit hmuh dan pangngaia a lo kir leh theih nan kar hnih atanga thla thum vel a ngai thei. 90% vel chu kum khat chhungin mit hmuhna chu a pangngai emaw, a pangngai hnaih emaw a ni leh thin.
• Atypical Optic Neuritis: Hei hi a na zawk deuh. Symptoms hi a rei zawk thei. Vision chu a dam kim lo mai thei. Chuvangin he chi hi hriat hmasak a, enkawl tan a pawimawh hle.
• Pediatric: Naupangte hian puitling aiin an dam leh theihna chance a sang zawk hle. Hun rei tak chhunga nghawng a neih hi a tlem hle. Mahse, naupangin hetiang hi a neih chuan MS chhinchhiahna hmasa ber a ni thei a, chuvangin doctor-te chuan an fimkhur hle.

Emergency-ah eng nge tih tur?

I mit a hloh nghal a nih chuan , medical emergency a ni. Damdawi in hnai ber Emergency Department (ETU) ah i kal nghal tur a ni. Tin, i mit hmuh danah inthlak danglamna, natna, fimkhur lo i neih chuan ngaihthah suh la, doctor pan nghal rawh. Enkawlna i tan hma poh leh i mit chhanchhuah theihna chance a sang zawk.

Optic neuritis, mit na, mit natna, MS, multiple sclerosis, thluak lam natna