Meningococcal Disease hi eng nge a nih chiang taka hriat i duh em? Kan sawi dawn nia!

Natna thenkhat chu an hming i hriat pawhin a hlauhawm deuhin a ri thin, i ring lo em ni? Vawiin hian kan sawi dawn a, natna khirh deuh deuh, mahse a hmaa i hriat lawk chuan thunun theih a ni. Hei hi meningococcal disease an ti a. Lungngai suh, engkim chiang takin sawi ila.

Meningococcal Disease hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, meningococcal natna hi bacteria infection a ni . Bacterium pakhat Neisseria meningitidis tih atanga lo chhuak a ni. A chang chuan meningococcus an ti bawk. He bacteria hian kan thluak leh kan ruhro (meninges an tih) leh thisen vel a vengtu venna membrane te chu a kai thei a ni . Heng natna hrik te hi a hlauhawm hle a, a chang chuan nunna atana hlauhawm thei a ni . Hetianga meninges a kai chuan meningococcal meningitis an ti a, thisen a kai chuan meningococcal septicemia (thisen rimchhia ang chi) an ti bawk.

`Meninges` tih thumal hi tlem tal sawifiah tur chuan kan Central Nervous System , chu chu kan thluak leh kan ruhro hual veltu membrane pathum tihna a ni. Orange pith inthenna membrane nalh tak takte ang bawkin, hengte hian kan thluak leh kan ruhro (spinal cord) te pawh venhimna a pe bawk. Dik tak chuan kan vun hi kan taksaa venhimna lian ber a ni. Heng meninges pathumte hi pia mater, arachnoid leh dura mater te an ni.

Meningococcal natna leh meningitis hi eng nge an danglamna?

Tunah chuan, ‘Chuti a nih chuan, meningococcal natna leh meningitis hi thil pakhat a ni em?’ tiin i ngaihtuah mai thei. Ni e, a danglamna tlem a awm. Meningococcal natna hi a hmaa kan sawi tawh bacteria bik, Neisseria meningitidis . Mahse, ‘meningitis’ hi thluak chhehvela membrane (meninges) inflammation thlentu dinhmun eng pawh sawina tlangpui a ni . Chuvangin, meningococcal natnaah hian meningitis hi a awm thei a ni. Mahse, meningitis zawng zawng hi meningococcal natna thlentu bacteria vang a ni lo. Meningitis hi virus dang, bacteria, leh fungi vang pawh a ni thei, i hmu em?

Meningococcal natna hian tute nge a tuar ber?

Tu pawhin meningococcal natna hi an vei thei a, mahse mi thenkhat chuan an vei theihna a sang zawk. Tute nge an nih hi han thlir ila:

• Kum bithliah: Nausen kum khat hnuai lam, puitling naupang (a bik takin kum 16-23 inkar), leh puitling naupang. Heng kum lama mite hi secondhand smoke (passive smoking emaw active smoking) an tawrh chuan a hlauhawmna a sang zawk a ni .
• Ram dang zin: Meningococcal natna hluarna ram thenkhata zin te tan.
• Hriselna dinhmun: 1.1.
• Mihring zungzam nei lo emaw, ruh chhia nei emaw (thil hi kan taksa hriselna atana taksa peng pawimawh tak a ni).
• Sickle cell natna vei te.
• Mite chu an taksa hriselna lama chak lohna engemaw zat nei te, a bik takin taksa hriselna lama harsatna nei te chu ``Complement'' an ti a ni.
• Mite chuan natna hlauhawm thenkhat enkawlna atana hman thin ``Complement inhibitors`` (entir nan ``Eculizumab (Soliris®)`` leh ``Ravulizumab (UltomirisTM)``) tih damdawi an ei thin.
• Nunphung leh boruak: 1.1.
• Mi tam tak awmna hmun hnai tak, university dormitory leh military barrack-a awmte tan . Ngaihtuah teh, pindan pakhata mi engemaw zat an awm hian natna hrik hi awlsam takin khuh emaw, thawk hah emaw hmangin a darh thei a ni lawm ni?
• Hri leng laia natna vei te.
• Research laboratory-a he bacteria hmanga hnathawkte tan.

He natna hi engtiang chiahin nge a hluar?

United States ang ramah chuan Indopui II-na atang khan he natna vei hi an tlahniam zauh zauh a. Kum 2019 khan chutah chuan hri kai 371 chauh hmuh a ni. Mahse, hri leng tenau te hi a chang chuan a thleng thei a, a bik takin hnai taka chengte zingah a awm thei a ni. Sri Lanka rama Doctor-te pawhin he natna hi an ngaihven hle a, a chhan chu a darh chak thei a ni. Chuvang chuan a natna lan chhuah dan fimkhur a pawimawh hle.

Meningococcal natna chhinchhiahna leh lan chhuah dante chu engte nge ni?

He natna chhinchhiahna tam tak a awm a. Chung zinga pakhat tal i neih chuan Doctor i pan nghal tur a ni. Natna hi hriat vat a pawimawh hle.

A lan chhuah dan ber chu:

• Ka khawsik sang hle a .
• Ka lu na hle mai .
• Kawngkhar khauh tak . Hei hi meningococcal natna leh meningitis nena inzawm chhinchhiahna tlanglawn tak a ni. I kawr hmalam pan thei lo ang maiin a awm thei a, i hmui chu i rilruah i tuck tum chuan a na thei bawk.
• Eng êng tak en chu a harsa ta hle a , mit pawh a sen vek ang maiin a lang. Hei hi ``Photophobia`` an ti bawk.
• Nausea, luak chhuak leh/ emaw pum na leh riltam a awm thei.
• Vun ah hian rash a lo lang a , chu chu red emaw purple dots te te ang mai a ni . Hengte hi pressure pek a nih chuan a pale lo (a non-blanching rash). A châng chuan hengte hi a lian thei a, hliam ang maiin a lang thei bawk. Hei hi symptom chiang tak leh hlauhawm tak a ni.

Hei bakah hian mizia dang thenkhat pawh a lang thei bawk:

• Chaw chu a thlum lo.
• Thil buai emaw, thinrim emaw tih hriatna.
• Ka mutthilh fo thin a, harh a harsa thin.
• Muscle leh ruh natna.
• Hruihrual, bengchheng ang maia thawm a awm.
• Kal emaw, ding nghet emaw chu a harsa ta hle.

Nausen naupang zawkte chuan heng symptoms hi an lantir dan a inang lo thei. Entir nan:

• Bawnghnute in an duh lo va, an luak chhuak thin.
• Taksa chu a twitchy emaw floppy emaw a ni.
• Chauh lutuk, mut tum reng, harh harsa.
• Tone sang tak hmanga tap (high-pitched cry).
• Lu chunglam (fontanelle) hmun nem tak chu a hring thei a, a khauh thei bawk.

Eng thilin nge meningococcal natna hi a thlen?

Kan sawi tawh ang khan meningococcal natna hi bacteria atanga lo chhuak a ni . Natna hrik kai theih a ni . Mi pakhat atanga mi dangah chuan thawkna atanga chhuak (mucus/respiratory droplets) hmangin a darh thin . A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, he hrik hi natna vei tu emaw a khuh emaw, a hnim emaw, a natna vei (entir nan, plate khat atanga ei te, no khat atanga in te, infawh te, etc.) a nih chuan a darh thei a ni.

Pawimawh: Meningococcal natna thlentu bacteria te hi taksa pawnah rei tak an dam thei lo. Chuvangin, dawhkan leh thutthleng ang chi hmun atanga darh a nih a rinawm loh. Mahse, damloin a hman tawh kutkawr leh tissue te hi fimkhur a tha ber.

Engtin nge meningococcal natna hi hmuhchhuah a nih?

Meningococcal natna hi hriat a harsa thei a, a chhan chu a lan chhuah dan chu natna dang, common cold emaw flu emaw ang chi nen a inang thei a ni . Chuvang chuan a natna finfiah tur chuan Doctor chuan Neisseria meningitidis bacteria hi a zawn chhuah a ngai a ni.

Chuvangin, doctor chuan hetiang hian a ti tlangpui:

• Thisen sample lak a ni a, test a ni.
• A chang chuan lumbar puncture (Spinal Tap) tih a ni bawk. Hei hian ruhro (cerebrospinal fluid - CSF) vel a tui sample tlemte lak a, test a huam a ni. Hei hi a hlauhawm deuhin a lang thei a, mahse diagnosis atan chuan a pawimawh hle. Hei hi a chhan chu tui chhunga bacteria awm leh awm loh direct-a a hmuh theih vang a ni.

Heng sample te hi laboratory-ah an thawn a, bacteria te hi an thang lian (culture) theih em tih an en thin. Bacteria a lo thang lian chuan a natna hi a finfiah theih a ni. Heng test te hi a chiang lo a nih chuan doctor chuan test dang neih belh turin thu a pe thei bawk.

Meningococcal natna hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Meningococcal natna hi antibiotics hmanga enkawl a ni . I doctor-in natna i vei nia a rinhlelh chuan, i natna hriat chian hma pawhin antibiotics an ei tan tir thei che a ni. A rang thei ang bera enkawl tan a pawimawh hle. Heng antibiotics te hi intravenous antibiotics angin pek an ni tlangpui a, hei hian result rang taka i hmuh theih nan a pui thei a ni.

Antibiotics bakah hian damlo dinhmun a zirin puitu enkawlna dang a ngai thei bawk. Entir nan:

• Thâwk harsa a awm chuan oxygen therapy pek theih a ni , ventilator-ah pawh connect theih a ni.
• Thisen sang a hniam chuan damdawi pe rawh .
• Taksa tui level control.
• A châng chuan vun a chhia a, tissue a thi tawh a nih chuan enkawl nân operation pawh a ngai mai thei .

Meningococcal natna nena inzawm harsatna awm thei

Hei hi natna khirh tak a ni . Antibiotics hmanga enkawl pawhin damlo 100 zinga 10 atanga 15 vel chu an thi ang . Tin, natna atanga dam chhuak zinga 20% vel chuan hun rei tak chhung nghawng a nei thei bawk . Chung zingah chuan:

• Bengchheng lutuk
• Limb loss, a bik takin septicemia a nasat chuan.
• Nerve tihchhiat a ni
• Kidney a chhiat phah
• Thluak chhiatna hian zirlai harsatna, hriatrengna lama harsatna, leh epilepsy te a thlen thei a ni.
• Vun a hliam.

A dam kim theih nan hun engemaw chen a la ngai thei. Antibiotics hi ni 7 atanga ni 10 chhung pek thin a ni tlangpui. Mahse, i dam kim theih nan hun rei zawk a la ngai thei a, a bik takin harsatna i neih chuan.

Engtin nge meningococcal natna vei theihna i tihziaawm theih ang?

He natna hlauhawm tak laka inven nan hian thil engemaw zat kan tih theih a awm a.

1. Vaccine la rawh

United States ang ramah chuan meningococcal natna laka invenna chi hnih a awm a. Sri Lanka-ah pawh hemi chungchangah hian damdawi lam thurawn i la thei bawk. A bik takin high-risk group-a awmte (e.g., naute kum khat hnuai lam, puitling naupang, dormitory-a cheng, leh hriselna lama harsatna engemaw zat nei) tan chuan heng vaccine chungchang hi doctor nena inbiakna neih hi a tha hle. Ram thenkhata zin hunah he vaccine hi tih ngei ngei tur a ni thei.

2. A tul chuan Preventive Antibiotics ei thin ang che

Kan sawi tawh ang chi damdawi i ei a nih chuan i doctor chuan chu damdawi i ei lai hian meningococcal natna laka invenna tur antibiotics ei turin a fuih thei che a ni. Heng ``complement inhibitor'' damdawi te hi thil awm lo tak tak tan pek thin a ni a, chungte chu:

• `Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome` (Hei hi thisen kaihhnawih natna a ni) .
• Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (thisen natna a ni bawk) .
• Generalized myasthenia gravis (hei hian taksa ruh a tichak lo) .

Tin, meningococcal natna vei emaw, anmahni nena inzawmna nghet tak nei tawh emaw (e.g., chhungkaw khata awm, class khata awm) nen in awm a nih chuan, i doctor pawhin invenna atan antibiotics ei turin a hrilh thei bawk che (preventive antibiotics / chemoprophylaxis) Hei hi i taksaa bacteria awm tawh chuan tihlum a, natna an neih loh nan leh midang hnena i darh loh nan a ni.

3. Invenna leh hri kai laka invenna practice

A tlangpuiin, a theih phawt chuan damlo, a bik takin khawsik emaw, khuh emaw nei te lakah inthiarfihlim rawh . Sahbawn leh tui hmangin kut sil fo la, uluk takin sil thin ang che., second 20 tal chhung a ni. Sahbawn leh tui a awm loh hunah zu hmanga siam hand sanitizer hmang thin ang che. Kut sil loh hmanga mit, hnar leh hmui khawih loh tur. I hmui leh hnar chu tissue emaw, i elbow emaw hmangin khuh emaw, i thawk hah emaw chuan khuh thin ang che. Hengte hi hriselna atana hman tlanglawn tak ni mah se, heng natna hlauhawm tak takte laka venhimna kawngah pawh a pui thei che a ni.

Meningococcal natna i vei chuan eng nge i beisei theih ang?

Meningococcal natna hi a na hle a . `Meningococcal Meningitis` emaw `Meningococcal Septicemia` emaw a thlen thei. Thihna pawh a thlen thei . Chuvangin, a rang thei ang bera enkawlna zawn a pawimawh hle .

Doctor-in meningococcal natna a neih thu a finfiah hmain antibiotics hi i tan thei a, a hmaa enkawl hmasak hian dam kim theihna a tipung a ni.

Enkawlna nen pawh hian harsatna thenkhat a awm thei. Hei hian vun emaw, chhungril lam emaw a tichhe vek thei a ni. A nih loh leh, hun eng emaw chen atana harsatna, ngaihtuahna seng harsatna ang chi a thlen thei bawk.

Pawimawh tak chu natna dang thenkhat ang lo takin meningococcal natna hi i dam chhungin vawi khat aia tam i kai thei a ni. Vawikhat neih hian dam chhung immunity a pe lo. Vawi khat aia tam i lo neih tawh chuan i doctor chuan i immune system test a duh mai thei.

Meningococcal natna i neih emaw, symptoms i neih emaw i rinhlelh chuan engtikah nge doctor i hmuh ang?

Meningococcal natna symptoms i neih chuan, emaw, i vei nia rinhlelh i nih chuan doctor pan nghal tur a ni a, tihkhawtlai loh tur a ni. Hei hi emergency anga ngaih tur a ni.

Enkawlna avanga nghawng tha lo i neih chuan, emaw, i natna lanchhuahna a zual zel nia i hriat chuan doctor hnenah hrilh nghal rawh.

Meningococcal natna lan chhuah dan thenkhat, khawsik leh taksa na te hi natna dang na lo zawk nen pawh inang thei mahse, natna hi hriat chian leh enkawl vat a pawimawh a, a chhan chu a nasat phah thuai thei a ni. Nang emaw i fa emaw hian heng chhinchhiahnate hi i neih chuan, a bik takin i kawr khauh , khawsik, leh vun natna , doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni. Hei hi venna atana thil pawimawh ber pakhat chu vaccine lak hi a ni.

He thawnthu atanga kan hriat reng tur pawimawh tak tak (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, chuti a nih chuan tunah chuan kan sawi thin kha i hrethiam tawh zawk a, meningococcal disease. Hrereng:

• Meningococcal natna hi natna khirh tak a ni a, bacteria avanga natna kai rang tak a ni .
• Khawsik, lu na na tak, kawr khauh , leh vunah sen/purple (a bik takin press a nih chuan a sen lo) te hi vaukhânna chhinchhiahna ber a ni. Hengte hi i hriat chuan damdawi lam pan nghal rawh .Hun hi a pawimawh hle.
• Nunna chhanhim nan leh hun rei tak chhunga harsatna awm thei tihziaawmna atan a hmaa hriatchhuah leh antibiotic hmanga enkawl hi a pawimawh hle.
• He natna laka invenna tha ber chu vaccination hi a ni a, a bik takin high-risk group-a awmte tan chuan a tha ber a ni. Hemi chungchang hi i doctor nen sawiho rawh.
• Mimal faina (kut sil fo, khuh/thawp laia i hmui khuh) leh damlote laka inthiarfihlim te pawh a pawimawh hle.
• He natna hi hlau ai chuan, dik taka hriattir a, a tul anga hma lak chu a finthlak zawk . Hemi chungchangah hian nangmah emaw, i chhungte zingah emaw zawhna i neih chuan doctor biak hreh ngai suh.

` Meningococcal Disease, Meningococcal Disease, Bacterial Infection, Meningitis, A lan chhuah dan, Vaccine, Antibiotics, Neisseria meningitidis