Nu i nih dawn tih thuthang nen hian medical test tam tak i hmachhawn a ngai a ni , a dik em? Heng test te hi i hlauthawng deuh a, i hriat duh deuh pawh a ni mai thei. "Heng test zawng zawng hi ka tih a ngai em? Eng nge an zawn tak tak?" rilruah lo kal turin. Chuvangin vawiin hian, awlsam takin, naupai laiin test tih thin chungchang hi han sawi ila .
Engvangin nge heng fiahnate hi a pawimawh em em?
Naupai laiin heng test te hi ngaihtuah dan tha ber chu nang leh i naute hi in hrisel tih tichiangtu lian tak angin a ni. A tam zawkah chuan heng test result hian engkim a kal tha vek tih a sawi. Eng ang thlamuanna nge a nih, a ni lawm ni?
Tin, heng test te hian thil pawimawh dang a ti bawk. Chu chu, enkawl leh tihdam theih tur natna thenkhat an hmuchhuak thei tihna a ni. Entirnan, heng test te hian iron deficiency ( anemia ) emaw gestational diabetes ang chi natna i neih leh neih loh a hriat theih a ni. I neih chuan i doctor chuan a nasat hmain i tan a tul angin a enkawl tan thei ang.
Mahse, test ṭhenkhat chu genetic problems enfiahna a awm a, entîr nân , Down syndrome , cystic fibrosis , emaw spina bifida . Nu leh pate hian heng test chungchang an hriat hian tlem an lungkham hi thil pangngai tak a ni.
Hetah hian hriat reng tur pawimawh ber chu heng screening test te hian risk estimate chauh a pe a ni. I naute hian natna engemaw a nei ngei dawn em tih an tichiang lo . Risk pangngai aia sang a awm chuan chauh an hrilh che a, chuvangin test dang neih belh a ngai em tih chauh an hrilh che a ni.
Chuvângin, eng test nge i tâna ṭha tih i rêl hmain, engmah tihkhawtlai lovin heng zawng zawng chungchâng hi i doctor nên sawipui rawh . Test hian eng nge a zawn dawn tih te, a dikzia te, a hlauhawmna a awm leh awm loh te, result beisei ang a nih loh chuan eng step nge i tih theih tih te chiang takin hrethiam rawh.
Okay, chuvangin heng thla 9 chhung hian eng test lian tham nge i hmachhawn dawn tih i en ang u.
Trimester hmasa ber (thla 1-3) chhunga test neih thin te .
Naupai thla thum chhunga test tih fo thin thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni.
| Fiahna | Hemiah hian eng nge i hmuh? |
|---|---|
| Thisen Test neih a ni | I thisen chi leh Rh factor, rubella (German measles) laka invenna, iron level (hemoglobin), hepatitis B, syphilis, HIV ang chi natna hrik te enfiah thin a ni. A châng chuan thlahtu natna hrik thalassemia leh sickle cell anemia vei theihna a awm leh awm loh pawh an enfiah ṭhin. |
| Zun Test neih a ni | He hCG hormone hi kal infection leh naupai hriat chian nan hman a ni. Naupai chhung zawng hian zun hi sugar (zunthlum chhinchhiahna) leh albumin an tih protein (preeclampsia, thisen sang natna chhinchhiahna) a awm leh awm loh enfiah thin a ni. |
| Pap Smear leh Swab dangte | Pap test hmangin serh cancer cell awm leh awm loh enfiah thin a ni. Tin, mipat hmeichhiatna hmanga kai theih natna chi hrang hrang chlamydia leh gonorrhea te, leh nau piang hmaa natna thlen thei bacteria infection te a enfiah thei bawk. Hengte enkawl hian naute tan harsatna a awm loh nan a pui thei a ni. |
| Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) atanga lak chhuah a ni. | Hei hi mi zawng zawng tan fiahna a ni lo. Nu kum 35 chunglam emaw, chhungkaw history-a genetic disease nei tawhte tan chauh test bik a ni. Kar 10 leh kar 12 inkar chhunga tih a ni a, Down syndrome ang chi genetic defects a hmuchhuak thei a ni. Nau pai theihna chance a tlem hle a, 1% a ni. |
Combined Test chungchang pawh i zir ve ang u.
Tun hnaiah Down syndrome ang chi natna hlauhawmna hriat theihna tur kawng hmasawn zawk a lo chhuak ta a ni. Hei hian kar 10 leh kar 14 inkar chhunga nu thisena hCG tehna a huam a ni.leh PAP-A hormone level te a ni. Chu bakah, ultrasound scan hmangin naute kawr hnunglam vun thik zawng tehna an nei bawk (hei hi nuchal-translucency an ti a ni ). An pahnih result chu an inzawm khawm a, risk chu chhut a ni.
Second trimester (thla 4-6) chhunga test neih te .
Hengte hi naupai lai (mid-pregnancy) chhunga i tih tur test lian ber ber thenkhat an ni.
| Fiahna | Hemiah hian eng nge i hmuh? |
|---|---|
| Marker tam tak Screening neih a ni | Kar 15 leh kar 18 inkar chhunga thisen test neih thin a ni. Naute siam chhuah alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) leh hormone dang pahnih level a en a ni. Heng level te hi a dik lo a nih chuan Down syndrome emaw neural-tube defect emaw ang chi natna a awm thei a ni. Hei hi risk chauh a ni tih hre reng ang che. |
| Ultrasound hmanga scan a ni | He scan hi kar 18 leh 20 inkar a tih thin a ni a, naute taksa peng zawng zawng hi a lo thang tha em tih chiang takin a hriat theih a ni. Naute than dan te, naute dinhmun te, twins an awm leh awm loh te, placenta awmna hmun te ang chi thil tam tak a check thei a ni. Hei hi nu leh pa tam takin an duh em em fiahna a ni a, a chhan chu an naute chu chiang taka an hmuh theih vang a ni. |
| Glucose Screening neih a ni | Kar 25 leh 28 inkarah gestational diabetes a awm leh awm loh enfiahna test a ni a, glucose drink pek i ni a, darkar khat hnuah i thisen sugar level enfiah a ni. Value a sang chuan GTT (Glucose Tolerance Test) tih test i tih a ngai ang a, chu chu confirm belh tur a ni. |
| Amniocentesis tih a ni | Hei hi mi zawng zawng tan a ni lo. Nu kum 35 chunglam, genetic disease vei theihna sang tak nei, emaw, screening test hmasa atanga result dik lo nei tawhte tan chauh kar 15 leh 18 inkar chauh a tha. Hetah hian scan-a kan hmuh angin, pum chhungah needle nalh tak tak dahin, naute chhehvel amniotic fluid sample tlemte lak a ni. Hei hian 99% dik takin genetic defects a hmuchhuak thei a ni. Nau pai theihna hi a hniam hle a, 0.5% a ni. |
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Naupai test hi hlauh tur a ni lova, nang leh i naute hriselna atana tih a ni.
- Test tam takah chuan enkawl theih dinhmunte chu a hmain an hmuchhuak a, chu chuan nau hrisel tak a thlen thei a ni.
- Genetic diseases screening test-ah hian a hlauhawmna chauh a lang. Naute hian natna a vei em tih an tichiang lo .
- Test eng pawh chungchangah rinhlelhna emaw zawhna emaw i neih chuan i doctor nen zalen takin sawiho rawh . I tâna thu tlûkna ṭha ber siam tûrin a ṭanpui ang che.
- He zinkawng hi a mawi, mak tak mai a ni. Heng test-te hi chu zinkawng chu him zawka siamna tura puitu mai a ni.
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