Retinal Diseases chungchang hi awlsam takin i zir dawn teh ang!

Kan mitte hi lunghlu hlu tak ang a ni. Heng mit pahnih hian he khawvela thil mawi tak tak, kan hmangaih tak takte hmu turin min pui thin. Chuvangin, heng mitte hi thil buaithlak tak leh pawimawh tak a awm a, chu chu retina kan ti a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, mit chhunga camera hlui film roll ang maiin a thawk a ni. Hei hi a ni, mit chhunga êng lut a, thluaka thawn chhuaktu chu thlalak a ni. Chuvangin, vawiin hian he retina hlu takah hian natna lo awm thei, chu chu `(Retinal Diseases)` tih hi kan sawi dawn a ni.

Retinal Diseases hi eng nge ni? Engtin nge i mit hian hna a thawh?

A awlsam zawngin, retinal diseases hi i mit hnunglam, i retina-a membrane nalh tak tak, i retina-a nghawng nei chi hrang hrang a ni.

Tunah en teh, kan mit hnathawh dan hi a mak khawp mai.

1. Pakhatnaah chuan pawn lam atanga êng chu mit hma lama lang langsar tak, mit (cornea) kaltlangin mit chhungah a lut a.

2. Tichuan he êng hi iris lai takah khur te tak te, pupil . Chuvang chuan mit iris chu eng eng takah chuan a te zawk a, eng thim takah chuan a lian zawk thin.

3. A dawtah chuan mit chhunga lens hian he êng hi retina-ah direct-in a focus a, magnifying glass hmanga êng chu hmun khatah kan focus ang bawkin.

I retina hi cell specialized tak tak maktaduai tam tak awmna hmun a ni. Heng cell te hi i mit chhunga light lut chu electrical signal ah a chantir thin a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan heng signal te hi i optic nerve kaltlangin i thluak thlengin an kal a ni. Thluak hian heng signal te hi a zirchiang a, "Aw, pangpar a awm," "Hetah hian nu a awm," tih ang chi thlalak ah a chantir a, min hmuh tir thin. Mechanism mak tak mai a ni lawm ni?

Retinal Disease hian retina hmun eng pawh a nghawng thei. A bîk takin, retina chhûngril lam, thil chipchiar tak tak hmuh nâna min ṭanpuitu, lehkhabu chhiar tûr leh lehkhabu hriat theihna tûra min ṭanpuitu macula chu a chhe thei a ni. Thil lungchhiatthlak tak chu heng dinhmun thenkhat hi rochun theih a ni .

Retina natna tam tak hian i mit hmuhna tichhe thei symptoms a thlen thin. Heng natnate hi a hmaa hriatchhuah leh enkawl a pawimawh a, natna thenkhat chu enkawl loh chuan mitdelna emaw, mitdelna emaw a thlen thei a ni.

Retina natna chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

A nihna takah chuan natna chi hrang hrang, retina tichhe thei a awm a. A bulpui berte han thlir ila.

Retina natna vei tlangpui:

• Zunthlum vanga mit chhiatna`(Diabetes-related retinopathy)`: I hriat angin zunthlum hi tuna mi tam takin an neih tawh a ni. Chuvangin a control tha lo a nih chuan mit chhunga thisen kalna kawng nalh tak takte chu a chhe thei a, chu chuan mit (retina) a thisen a chhuah a, a hring chhuak thei a ni. Hei hi `(Diabetes-related retinopathy)` an ti a.
• Retinal detachment : Hei hi emergency a ni. Hei hi mit chhung lam bang atanga retina a inthen hian a ni. Wall atanga poster rawn chhuak ang mai a ni.
• Retina tears or holes : A chang chuan retina ah hian tears emaw holes te te a lo awm thei. Hengte hi retinal detachment bul tanna a ni fo thin.
• Retinal vein occlusion: Hetiang dinhmun hi retina-a thisen petu vein a block a nih chuan a lo awm thei a ni . Hei hi main vein-ah (central retinal vein occlusion) emaw, branch vein-ah (branch retinal vein occlusion) emaw pawh a ni thei.
• Infectious retinitis: Viral, bacteria, fungal infection hrang hrang avangin retina hi a hring thei a, a inflamed thei bawk.
• Central serous retinopathy : Hei hi mit hnuai lama tui awmkhawmna a ni. Stress nen a inzawm fo thin.
• Birdshot chorioretinopathy leh inflammatory disease dangte: Hengte pawh hi inflammatory condition awm lo tak tak, retina leh a kaihhnawih structure te tichhe thei an ni.

Macula a bik taka nghawng thei natna:

Kan sawi tawh ang khan macula hi retina lairil ber a ni a, chu chuan mit chiang leh fiah tak a pe a ni. Chuvangin a nghawngtu natna engemaw zat a awm a:

• Macular pucker (epiretinal membrane an ti bawk): Hei hi film te tak te, macula chungah a lo piang a, cellophane phek ang mai a ni. Hei hian mit a fiah lo thei a, mit a ti fiah thei bawk.
• Macular hole : Macula chhunga khur te tak te.
• Kum upat avanga macular degeneration (AMD): Hei hi kum upat ruala lo awm thin a ni. A chi hnih a awm a, dry AMD leh wet AMD te an ni.
• Macular edema : Macula a hring chhuak. Hei hi fluid buildup vang a ni.

Hereditary retina natna: 1.1.

Hengte hi natna pianpui leh genetic influence avanga lo awm an ni:

• Retinitis pigmentosa : Hei hi peripheral vision a hloh zauh zauh thin a ni. Zan lama mitdelna hi a chhinchhiahna a ni bawk.
• Usher syndrome : Hei hi thlahtute atanga lo piang a ni a, retinitis pigmentosa bakah hian hriatna a tichhe bawk.
• Stargardt natna: Hei hian thalai a nghawng tam ber a, central vision a tichhe bawk.
• Retinoschisis : Retina layer hrang hrangte inthen darh a ni. Hei hi pian tirh lamah a awm thei a, a hnuah pawh a lo thang lian thei bawk.

Heng symptoms kan neihte hi engte nge ni?

Retinal disease i neih chuan heng symptoms zinga pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i nei thei ang:

• Mit floater leh flash te . I mit hmaah rulhut te te an inher kual ang maiin a awm thei.
• Mit hmuhna a fiah lo emaw, a danglam emaw. Lehkhate chu chiang taka hmuh theih a ni lo mai thei a, lemte pawh pahnih angin a lang thei bawk.
• Blind spot hi direct vision (central vision) emaw peripheral vision emaw ah a awm thin .
• Hmuh theih lohna (visual distortions) te. Entirnan, line dinglam chu wavy takin a inziak angin a lang thei. Hei hi window frame leh kawngkhar frame ang chi thil en hian hriat theih a ni.
• Mit hmuhna hloh nghal mai.
• Zanah hmuh harsa emaw, êng inthlak danglamna (thim zinga pawn lama chhuah hunah ang chi) insiamrem harsa emaw.

Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan mit lam doctor pan vat a pawimawh hle.

He natna hi engte nge ni?

Retina natna thlentu pakhat chauh a awm lo. A chhan hrang hrang a awm thei.

• Thil awm dan thenkhat, Usher syndrome, Stargardt natna, leh Retinitis pigmentosa te hi rochun a ni.
• Retinopathy hi damdawi lam thil dang nen pawh a awm thei. Zunthlum leh thisen sang hian mit chhunga thisen kalna kawng nalh tak takte a tichhe thei a, chu chuan mit (retina) a tichhe thei a ni. Taksa chhunga inflammatory condition te hian chhiatna a thlen thei bawk.
• Mit hliam hian retina leh macula a tichhia thei a ni. Entirnan, cricket ball-in i mit a rawn deng a nih chuan, emaw, thil nalh tak i mitah a tlakbuak chuan chhiatna nasa tak a thlen thei a ni.
• A châng chuan mit surgery hnuah pawh ``Macular pucker`` ang chi dinhmun a awm thei .
• Retina natna thenkhat, cytomegalovirus retinitis te hi natna hrik avanga lo awm a ni . Mahse, retina natna ngei pawh hi kai theih a ni lo.

Heng natnate hi engte nge ni?

Thil thenkhat chuan mit natna vei theihna a tipung thei a ni. Anni chu:

• Kum upa lam.
• Meizial zuk.
• Thau lutuk emaw thau lutuk emaw`( Thau lutuk emaw thau lutuk emaw)`.
• Damdawi lam harsatna dang diabetes leh hypertension neih te .
• Tun hmaa retinal tears emaw detachment emaw a awm tawh .
• Tun hmaa mit hliam emaw, operation emaw neih tawh.
• Chhungkaw history-a retinal natna nei tawh .
• Hmuh lohna nasa tak (prescription glasses sang tak nei - `Severe myopia`).
• Damdawi thenkhat, hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil®) leh pentosane polysulfate te hun rei tak hman.

A châng chuan, mipa leh hmeichhia emaw, hnam emaw pawh hi retinal natna bik thlen theihna tur risk factor a ni thei bawk.

Heng natnate hian eng harsatna nge a thlen theih?

Retina natna hi enkawl tha a nih loh chuan mitdelna leh mitdelna a thlen thei a ni .

Heng natnate hi mit lam doctor ten an enkawl a ni. Amaherawhchu, Doctor ten mit natna zawng zawng an tidam thei lo. Chuvangin natna hi hriat hmasak a, a tha thei ang bera control a pawimawh.

Engtin nge heng retina natna te hi an hriat chhuah thin?

Mit enfiah fo tura i kal chuan mit doctor chuan retina natna a enfiah fo ang. Chuvangin doctor-in a rawtna interval-ah i mit enfiah a pawimawh hle.

Exam chhung hian doctor chuan i mitmeng a tizau turin eye drop a dah ang. Hei hian doctor chuan i retina chu ngun zawkin a enfiah thei ang. He exam zawhah hian doctor chuan i retina-ah harsatna a awm nia a rinhlelh chuan specialized test tam zawk a order thei a, retina specialist hnenah pawh a refer thei bawk.

Natna hriatchhuah emaw, enfiah emaw nan eng test nge tih thin?

Doctor chuan hetiang test hi a ti thei ang:

• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Hei hi retina cross-section lak ang a ni. Hei hi macula-a swelling leh holes ang chi thil hriatchhuahna atan a pawimawh hle.
• Fluorescein angiography : Hei hian i kut vein pakhatah dye bik inject a, i mit chhunga thisen kalna kawngte thlalak lak a ni. Thisen kal dan leh thisen kalna kawng atanga thisen a chhuah leh chhuah loh ang chi thil a en thei a ni.
• Fundus autofluorescence : Hei hi noninvasive imaging test a ni bawk.
• Electroretinography hmanga tih a niElectroretinography (ERG): Hei hian mit (retina) hnathawh that dan a teh a ni.
• Genetic testing : Hriselna (hereditary disease) rinhlelh a nih chuan he test hi tih chian a ni.

Heng natnate hi engtin nge an enkawl?

Enkawl dan tur chu retinal disease i neih chi hrang hrangah a innghat a ni. A then phei chuan enkawlna hian natna hi a titawp thei a, a nasat dan pawh a ti hniam thei bawk. Enkawlna kawng hrang hrangte chu surgery tih dan te, laser hmanga enkawlna te , leh mit chhungah emaw, mit vel emaw damdawi injection te a ni.

Surgery tih dan tur: 1.1.

Vitrectomy hi a hnuaia thil awmte tan hian surgical procedure tih a ni.

• Retinal detachment a awm thin.
• Macular pucker `(Macular pucker / Epiretinal membrane)`.
• Macular hole a awm.
• Mit hliam (e.g., mit chhunga thil dang lut).
• Mit natna a awm.

Mit injection pek dan: 1.1.

Vitreous injection hi a hnuaia thil awmte tan hian tih thin a ni.

• Wet kum avanga mitdelna (Wet AMD) a awm.
• Diabetic retinopathy natna hmasawn tak a ni.
• Macular edema hi chhan hrang hrang avangin a awm thin.
• Mit natna a awm.
• Mit natna hrik kai thei.

Laser hmanga enkawl dan:

Laser hmanga enkawlna hi hetiang ang chi te hian hman a ni:

• Thisen kalna kawng duh loh enkawl.
• Retinal tears kha khar rawh.
• Central serous retinopathy a awm a, a rilru a hah hle.
• Macular edema a awm thin.

Retinal detachment enkawlna dang:

• Scleral buckle surgery : Hetiang tih danah hian surgeon chuan mit vel chu silicone band dahin a sew lut a, hei hian mit var (sclera) chu chhung lam hawiin a nawr a, retina chu bang chungah a innghat thei a ni.
• Cryoplexy : Cryotherapy hmang hian hliam siamin a tear emaw detachment emaw chu khar a ni.
• Pneumatic retinopexy : Surgeon chuan mit chhungah gas bubble a inject a. He bubble hian retina chu a hmunah a vawng tlat thei a ni. He enkawlna hi cryotherapy emaw laser hmanga enkawlna nen pawh hman theih a ni.

Enkawlna dang: 1.1.

• Infection na tak tak tan antibacterial , antifungal , emaw antiviral damdawi te.
• Central serous retinopathy leh mit natna dang thenkhat" Cold" laser hmanga enkawl a ni.

Enkawlna hian side effect emaw complication emaw a nei em?

Retina natna enkawlna avanga side effect emaw complication emaw chu thil tam takah a innghat a, chu chu i enkawlna chi hrang hrang, i hriselna tlangpui leh i dinhmun te hi a ni.

A tlangpuiin, hlauhawmna a awm thei a, chungte chu:

• Kaichhawng.
• Scarring a awm.
• Mit a vawt.
• Mit hmuh a fiah lo.
• I mit ah pressure sang emaw hniam emaw.
• Mit hmuh a tlahniam.
• Mit pressure sang tak a ni.
• Thisen chhuak.

Chuvangin, eng enkawlna pawh i tan hmain i doctor nen uluk taka sawiho leh hriatthiam a pawimawh hle.

Enkawl hnua dam leh theih nan eng chen nge a duh?

I dam leh hun chhung hi i enkawlna chi hrang hrang leh i mit natna chi hrang hrangah a innghat a ni. Entirnan, i mitah gas bubble i neih chuan bubble chu a bo theih nan kar engemaw zat a la ngai thei. Kar hnih atanga kar li chhung chu hnathawhna hmunah i kal thei lo mai thei. Tin, ha enkawlna thenkhata hman thin nitrous oxide chu i thlawh thei lo va, i thawk thei lo bawk a, i mitah gas bubble i awm laiin (mahse hei hi hun rei lote atan a ni).

Mit injection i neih chuan i doctor chuan i mit chawlh tir la, mittui siam (artificial tears) hmang la, i mit hnawih lo turin a hrilh ang che. Mahse chutiang tur chuan "recovery period" tak tak a awm lo.

Retina chhia chu a dam vek thei ang em?

A then phei chuan retina chhia chu tihdam emaw siamthat emaw theih a ni. Mahse, natna thenkhatah chuan damdawi awm reng tur a awm lo. Chuvangin, i mimal dinhmun chungchang hi doctor nen sawipui a tha ber. I dinhmun chu a hrilhfiah thei che a, enkawlna tur ruahmanna tha ber a pe thei che a ni.

Heng mit natna te hi ven theih a ni em? Engtin nge a hlauhawmna chu tihziaawm theih ang?

Retina natna thenkhat, a bik takin thlahtute hi kan veng thei lo. Amaherawhchu, natna dang thenkhat kan vei theihna tur tihziaawmna tur thil kan tih theih a awm a:

• Natna rei tak enkawl dan: Thisen sang (Hypertension) emaw zunthlum ang chi natna i neih chuan uluk taka control a pawimawh. Taksa rih zawng (Overweight or obesity) control a pawimawh bawk.
• Mit enfiah fo: I mit doctor-in a rawt angin i mit enfiah tir rawh. Hetiang hian harsatna a awm chuan a tir lamah hriat theih a ni.
• I mit venhimna:Hnathawh laiin (e.g., thing hnathawh, thir hnathawh) emaw contact sports khelh hunah mit venna (goggles, shield) vuah tur a ni. Mit lama accident tenau tak anga lang pawh hian chhiatna nasa tak a thlen thei a ni.

Hetiang natna hi ka neih chuan eng nge thleng ang? Eng nge ka beisei ang?

Retinal disease awm dan tur chu i natna chi hrang hrangah a innghat a ni. Chuvangin, i dinhmun chungchang hi i doctor nen sawiho rawh. I dinhmun a hrilhfiah thei a, i tana enkawlna tha ber thlang turin a pui thei bawk che a ni. I vision leh overall recovery atanga i beisei tur i hre bawk ang.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

Mit enfiah fo a pawimawh hle a, a bik takin retinal disease, zunthlum vei theihna tur damdawi lam harsatna i neih chuan a pawimawh hle.

I mit hmuhna lama inthlak danglamna (e.g., mit hmuhna hloh nghal, i mit hmaa hmun dum a lo awm tan, light i hmuh, line dinglam hmuh) i hmuh chuan mit doctor pan nghal rawh. Hun khawhral suh.

Engtikah nge emergency room-ah ka kal ang?

Hetiang dinhmunah hian emergency room-ah i kal nghal tur a ni a, a nih loh leh 1990-ah i call tur a ni:

• I mit hmuhna zawng zawng emaw, a then emaw i hloh nghal a nih chuan.
• Mit na tak i neih chuan.
• Accident na tak emaw mit hliam emaw a awm chuan.

Hengte hi emergency thil a nih avangin tihkhawtlai suh.

Retina natna chungchangah hian ka doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh tur?

Zawhna i neih apiang chu i doctor zawh theihna tur dikna i nei vek a ni. Heng zawhnate hi i zawt thei ang:

• He ka dinhmun hi enkawl theih a ni em? A dam kim thei ang em?
• Enkawlna atang hian eng side effect nge beisei theih ang?
• Ka natna lan chhuahna a zual zel loh nan eng damdawi emaw, nunphung tihdanglam emaw nge ka tih theih ang?
• Ka mit a bo theihna chance chu eng nge ni?
• Mit hmuh lohna neia nung tura tanpui turin eng service nge i rawt theih ang?
• Clinical trial-ah hian ka tel thei em?

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur

Retina natna zawng zawng hi a inang vek lo. I dinhmun bik hriatthiam a pawimawh a, i mit hmuhna a inthlak danglam chuan hriat a pawimawh bawk. A hmaa hmuhchhuah leh enkawl hian rah tha ber a chhuah tlangpui.

I mit dinhmun chungchangah hian ngaihdan hrang hrang i nei thei. I hlauthawng a, i lungngai a, i lungngai pawh a ni thei. Chu chu thil pangngai a ni. I medical team leh i chhungte nen i mamawh leh i rilru put hmang chungchang sawipui rawh. An theih ang anga pui turin an awm reng a ni. Nangmah chauh i ni lo tih hre reng ang che.

` retina, mit natna, mit hriselna, mit hmuhna hloh, mit (macular degeneration), zunthlum vei retinopathy, mit enkawlna