Taksaah hian lump a awm em? I ruh a ti na em? Sarcoma a ni thei ang em? I zawng chhuak ang u!

I taksa hmun dangah lump thar, na lo, mahse a hlauhawm deuh tih i hmu em? A nih loh leh, chhan hriat lohvin i kut emaw, i ke emaw-ah natna i nei rei tawh em? A chang chuan heng thilte hi kan ngaihven vak lo a, mahse a tlem berah chuan hengte hi cancer chi khat ‘Sarcoma’ tih chhinchhiahna a ni thei. Mi tam tak chuan he hming hi an hriat hian an buai deuh a, a chhan chu a tlem deuh a nih vang a ni. Chuvangin, vawiin hian Sarcoma chungchang, a awmzia, a lo awm dan, a natna lan chhuah dan te, enkawlna a awm leh awm loh te, i hriatthiam theih tur awlsam takin kan sawi dawn a ni.

Sarcoma hi eng nge ni tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin Sarcoma hi malignant tumor a ni a, chu chu cancer a ni a, kan taksa ruh emaw, soft tissue emaw-ah a lo awm a ni. Tunah chuan he soft tissue hi eng atan nge a nih tih i ngaihtuah mai thei. Kan taksa chhunga thil awm dangte thlawptu chu soft tissue te hi an ni. Entir nan:

• Muscle (tisa) 1.1.
• Thau
• Tendons (muscle leh ruh thlunzawmtu tissue) .
• Cartilage (tissue nem tak tak, ruhkawr ang chi hmuna awm) .
• Ligaments (ruh inzawmkhawmtu tissue) .
• Thisen kalna kawng (thisen kalna kawng) .
• Nerves a awm

Hetiang cancer chi sarcoma an tih hi a takah chuan a tlem hle. Puitling zinga cancer awm zawng zawng kan lak chuan sarcoma hi a tlem a, 1% vel a ni. Mahse, naupang cancer vei zinga 15% vel chu sarcoma a ni thei. America ang ramah chuan kum tin sarcoma vei thar 16,000 vel an awm thin. Chung zinga 4,000 vel chu ruh chhunga sarcoma lo awm an ni a, 13,000 vel chu soft tissue-a lo awm sarcoma an ni.

Sarcoma hi khawiah nge a awm tam ber?

Ngaihtuah teh, he sarcoma hi kan taksa khawi hmunah pawh, kan lu atanga kan ke ruh thlengin a lo awm thei a ni. Mahse, hmuh tamna hmun tlemte a awm a:

• Za zela 40 vel (40%) vel chu kan ke (ke, ke, ke) ah a awm thin.
• Za zela 15 vel (15%) vel chu kut (shoulders, arms, wrists, fingers) a ni.
• Za zela 30 vel (30%) vel chu kan taksa peng, kan rilru, kan pum, leh kan pelvis ang chi hmunah te an awm a ni.
• Za zela sawm leh panga vel (15%) vel chu lu leh kawr a ni.

Sarcoma chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

Sarcoma hi chi khat chauh a ni lo. Ruh leh soft tissue-a cancer pawl lian tak lo awmte sawina thumal zau tak a ni. Dik tak chuan sarcoma subtype 70 chuang hmuhchhuah a ni tawh bawk. A buaithlak hle a ni lawm ni? A chi lian ber pahnih hi han thlir ila.

1. Ruh Sarcomas te

Hei hi ruh atanga intan direct (`primary bone sarcoma`) a ni. Hetiang sarcoma chi thuma ṭhena hmun khat aia tam hi kum 35 hnuai lam zingah hmuhchhuah a ni a, naupangah pawh hmuh theih a ni.

Bone sarcoma chi hrang hrang thenkhat chu:

• Osteosarcoma natna a ni(Hei hi hmuh tam ber chi a ni)
• Chondrosarcoma natna a ni
• Chordoma a ni
• Ewing-a sarcoma a ni
• Fibrosarcoma natna a ni

Pawimawh: Ruh chhunga cancer lo awm zawng zawng hi ruh sarcoma an ni vek lo. A châng chuan taksa hmun danga cancer cell (lung, hnute emaw, thyroid emaw ang chi) intan tawhte chu thisen kal tlangin ruh thlengin an darh thei a ni. Hei hi metastatic bone cancer an ti a . Hei hi primary bone cancer nen a danglam a ni.

2. Tissue nem tak Sarcomas

Chungte chu kan taksa ruh emaw, taksaa inzawmna (connective tissue) dang emaw atanga tan a ni. Bone sarcoma ang lo takin soft tissue sarcoma hi puitlingah a tam ber. Mahse, chi thenkhat, rhabdomyosarcoma te hi naupangte zingah a tam zawk.

Soft tissue sarcoma hi chi hrang hrang a awm a:

• Angiosarcoma natna a ni
• Desmoplastic hmanga cell round te tak te tumor te
• Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) tih hi a tha hle a, a rilru a buai em em bawk a.
• Leiomyosarcoma natna a ni
• Liposarcoma natna a ni
• A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a. malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor
• Schwannoma natna tha lo tak a ni
• Myxofibrosarcoma natna a ni
• Synovial sarcoma a ni
• Pleomorphic sarcoma chu a danglam bik lo

A chi engzat nge awm tih hi han en teh! Chung zinga pakhat zel awm dan leh enkawl dan pawh a inang lo deuh thei.

Tute nge sarcoma vei theihna chance sang zawk?

Sarcoma hian naupang leh puitling a nghawng thei a ni. Soft tissue sarcoma hi puitlingah a tam zawk. Bone sarcoma erawh chu naupang, tleirawl puitling leh kum 65 chunglam zingah a tam zawk a, zirchianna thenkhatah chuan mipa leh mipa dum emaw Hispanic emaw zingah bone sarcoma hi a tam zawk tih hmuhchhuah a ni.

Engvangin nge he sarcoma hi a lo awm? A chhan chu eng nge ni?

Hei hi a takah chuan mi tam takin harsatna an neih chu a ni. Sarcoma hi kan taksaa ruh cell puitling lo emaw, soft tissue cell emaw genetic information (DNA)-ah inthlak danglamna engemaw zat a awm a , chu cell chu cancer cell-ah a lo chang ta a ni. Tichuan heng cancer cell te hi rang tak leh thunun theih lohvin an inthen tan ta a ni. A tawpah chuan heng cell te hi an inzawm khawm a, tumor an siam ta a ni. He tumor hi a lo thang zauh zauh a, a chhehvel tissue hrisel tak takte chu a tichhe thei a, a rawn lut thei bawk.

Hei hi uluk taka enkawl a nih loh chuan cancer cells te hi kan thisen kaltlangin emaw kan lymphatic system hmangin a darh thei a ni.Cancer hian taksa hmun hla tak takah a kal thei a, tumor thar a siam thei bawk. Hei hi metastasis , a nih loh leh cancer darh zelna an ti a. Hetianga cancer darh tawh enkawl hi a harsa hle.

Cancer chi dang ang bawkin, zirchiangtute chuan cell hrisel tak chu sarcoma cell-a a chan nghal chhan chiang tak an la hmu lo.

Sarcoma vei theihna tur risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

A chhan dik tak awm lo mah se, sarcoma vei theihna tipung thei tur risk factor thenkhat hmuhchhuah a ni. Anni chu:

• Chemical thenkhat nena inzawmna: Hun rei tak chhunga thil arsenic, plastic siamna atana hman chemical thenkhat (e.g. vinyl chloride monomer), herbicides (e.g. phenoxyacetic acid), leh thing humhalhtu (e.g. chlorophenols) te nena inzawmna.
• Radiation: Cancer dang enkawlna hmasa atan radiation dose sang tak pek.
• Lymphedema: Hun rei tak chhung kut emaw ke emaw a hring chhuak thin.
• Genetic condition thenkhat: Genetic condition thenkhat leh chromosome inthlak danglamna hi rochun a ni. Entirnan, Gardner syndrome, Werner syndrome, von Hippel-Lindau natna, Gorlin syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, retinoblastoma, leh neurofibromatosis type 1 te hi a ni a, hengte hi a tlem hle.

Heng risk factors te hi neih hian sarcoma i vei ngei ang tihna a ni lo. Amaherawhchu, an hriat chian a pawimawh.

Sarcoma natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni? Engtin nge i hriat chian?

Sarcoma symptoms hi cancer awmna hmun azirin a inang lo hle. Entirnan, sarcoma thenkhatah chuan a tir lamah chuan symptoms a lang lo mai thei. Mi dangte chuan vun hnuaia natna nei lo hnah ang maiin an inhria thei bawk. Mahse, natna hi a lo awm tan a, chu chu lump chu a lo lian a, a bul hnaia nerve leh organ te a pressure a ni.

Kawng lehlamah chuan sarcoma ṭhenkhat chuan kut emaw, ke emaw ruhte chu rei tak chhung natna leh hliam a thlen thei a ni . He natna hi zan lamah a na zual thei hle . Hei hian i kut emaw i ke emaw tihchet a ti harsa thei a, nitin hna thawh a ti harsa thei bawk.

A lan chhuah dan tlangpui thenkhat hmuh theih chu:

• Lump thar emaw, swelling emaw (hei hi a na thei a, a na lo thei bawk).
• Kut, ke, pum emaw, pelvis emaw-a na chhan hriat loh.
• Kut emaw ke emaw chet harsa (e.g., limping, limited movement).
• Chhan awm lovin taksa rihna tihtlem.
• Back pain (a bik takin cancer hi ruhroah a awm chuan).

Heng chhinchhiahnate hi natna dang tam takah pawh hmuh theih a ni tih hre reng ang che. Chuvangin, hetiang chhinchhiahna i neih vang mai mai hian sarcoma a ni tih ngaihtuah hlau suh. Amaherawhchu, Doctor hmuh a, thurawn lak a finthlak.

Sarcoma hi engtin nge dik taka kan hriat theih ang? (Diagnosis) tih a ni.

Hetiang symptoms i neih chuan i doctor chuan i symptoms chungchang a zawt hmasa ang che a, taksa enfiahna a nei ang. Tichuan, sarcoma i vei em tih leh eng chi nge a nih tih finfiah nan special test engemaw zat an tih a ngai dawn a ni. Test pawimawh ber chu biopsy a ni.

Biopsy ah hian tumor atanga tissue te tak te lakchhuah a ni a, lab-ah thawn a ni. Chutah chuan pathologist tia koh specialist chuan microscope hmangin tissue chu a enfiah a, cancer cell a awm em tih leh, a awm a nih chuan eng sarcoma nge a nih tih a enfiah a. He thu hian i tan enkawlna tha ber tur a hriat theih nan a pui ang.

Test dang thenkhat chu:

• X-ray: Hei hian ruh leh soft tissue thlalak a la thei.
• CT scan (Computed Tomography scan): Hei hian X-ray hrang hrang a la a, taksa chhung lam cross-sectional view a siam a ni.
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Hei hian magnet lian tak, radio wave leh computer hmangin taksa chhung lam thlalak chiang tak leh chipchiar tak tak a siam a. X-ray-a thil danglam tak hmuh a nih chuan MRI ti turin an ti mai thei che a ni.
• Bone scan: Hei hian ruh chhunga thil danglam (bone sarcoma ang chi) hriat theihna turin taksaah radioactive material tlemte inject a ni.
• PET scan (Positron Emission Tomography scan): Hei hian glucose chi khat bik a hmang a. Cancer cell ang chi cell inthen chak tak takte hian glucose an hmang nasa hle a, chuvangin he scan hian taksa chhunga glucose level sang lutuk (tumor awm theihna hmun) a entir thei a ni.

Engtin nge sarcoma stages te hi an hriat theih?

Cancer stage hriat chian hi a pawimawh hle. Cancer natna nasat dan leh enkawlna tha ber berte hriatthiamna a pe a ni. Sarcoma tam zawk hi TNM classification system angin an thliar hrang a :

• T (Tumor): Hei hian primary cancerous tumor lian tham leh awmna hmun a kawk a ni.
• N (Nodes): Hei hian cancer chu a bul hnaia lymph node-ah a darh tawh em tih a kawk a ni .
• M (Metastasis): Hei hian cancer chu taksa peng hla tak dangah a darh (metastasized) em tih a kawk a ni.

Hei bakah hian doctor ten cancer hi an grade (Grade - G) an pe bawk.Hei hian cancer cell te chu cell pangngai nen an inang emaw, an danglam emaw tihna a ni. A tlangpuiin cancer cell te hi cell pangngai nen an inang deuh poh leh prognosis a tha zawk thin.

Heng zawng zawng hmang hian doctor-te chuan sarcoma stage (1 atanga 4 thlenga number) an teh thin. A tam poh leh cancer hi tualchhung lamah a lo thang lian emaw, taksa pum puiah emaw a darh nasa zawk a ni.

Stage hriat theihna tur criteria hi sarcoma chi hrang hrangah a inang lo deuh thei. Chuvangin, i cancer stage leh i enkawlna leh nakin lawka dam lehna tur a nghawng dan tur chungchangah i doctor hnenah inhawng takin sawi rawh.

Sarcoma enkawl dan tur chu engte nge ni?

Sarcoma enkawl hian doctor pakhat chauh ni lovin, specialist team , thawk ho a ni. He team-ah hian surgeon, radiologist, geneticist, medical oncologist, radiation oncologist, pathologist, naupang enkawltu (naupang cancer tan), psychologist, leh social worker te an tel thei a ni.

I enkawlna tur chu thil tam takah a innghat ang a, chung zingah chuan:

• Sarcoma chi khat a ni.
• Tumor lian leh te, a awmna hmun.
• I hriselna tlangpui.
• Sarcoma hi hmuhchhuah thar emaw, a hmaa lo awm tawh leh lo kir leh (recurrent) emaw pawh nise.

Enkawl dan tlangpui thenkhat chu:

1. Surgery tih a ni

Hei hian doctor-te chuan cancer cell zawng zawng chu paih vek an tum a, chutih rualin tissue hrisel tam thei ang ber an humhim bawk. Tumor chu tumor chhehvela tissue hrisel margin negative (`wide local excision`) nen lakchhuah a ni. Hei hian cancer cell te tak te, microscopic tak tak te chu engmah chhuahsan lovin paih chhuah a tum a ni.

A châng chuan, a natna hmun chu siam ṭhat leh a ngai ṭhin. Limb salvage surgery-ah chuan tumor chu lakchhuah a ni a, a tul chuan a ruh chu metal replacement hmangin siam thar leh a ni. A chang chuan taksa peng dang atanga ruh emaw, graft dang emaw hmangin ruh lakchhuah chu thlak theih a ni. Mahse, a then phei chuan a him ber leh tha ber chu a ke ruh natna (amputation) lakchhuah hi a ni. Hei hi thutlukna harsa tak a ni.

2. Radiation Therapy hmanga enkawlna

Hemiah hian high-energy X-ray hmangin cancer cells te tihchhiat a ni. A tum ber chu cell hrisel tak takte tihchhiatna tihtlem a ni. Radiation therapy hi chhungril lam (taksa chhunga dah) emaw pawn lam (taksa pawn atanga machine hmanga pek chhuah) emaw pek theih a ni. Tunlai technology hmasawn tak hmang hian radiation beam chu cancer lam hawiin chiang takin a kal thei a, a chhehvela tissue hrisel te chu a humhim thei a ni.

Radiation therapy internally pek , brachytherapy tia koh bawk hi sarcomas darh lo tan hman theih a ni. Surgery neih laiin (intra-operative radiotherapy) emaw, operation hnua plastic tube (catheter) hmangin emaw (interstitial brachytherapy) pek theih a ni.

Radiation therapy hi cancer a darh tawhna (metastatic disease) ah pawh hman a ni.

3. Chemotherapy hmanga enkawlna

Hei hian cancer cell rang taka inthen darh thei emaw, an than chakna tikhawtlai thei emaw damdawi a hmang a ni. Heng damdawi te hi thisenah emaw, pill angin emaw ei theih a ni. Operation hmaa tumor tihtlem nan emaw, operation hnua cancer cell la awm zawng zawng tihhlum nan emaw pek an ni. A châng chuan radiation therapy rualin chemotherapy an pe bawk.

4. Targeted Therapy hman dan tur

Hei hi enkawlna chiang tak a ni. Cancer cell-a chak lohna bikte target-tu damdawi a hmang a, chu chuan cell hriselte a tichhe lo. Mahse, he enkawlna hian chutiang target chak lohna nei cancer cell chi hrang hrangah chauh hna a thawk a ni. I doctor chuan enkawlna pakhat emaw, enkawlna dang nena hman dun emaw atan a rawt thei ang.

5. Immunotherapy / Biologic Therapy hmanga enkawl theih a ni

Hei hian kan taksa ngeia immune system tihchakna a huam a, cancer cells hriatchhuah leh do turin a pui bawk. Cancer cells te hian kan immune system atang hian an inthup thei a, a nih loh leh hnathawh a titawp thei bawk. Hei vang hian taksa chhungah cancer cell te hi an lo thang lian a ni. Immunotherapy hian cancer cells te hi heng defense mechanism te hi a titawp a, kan taksa ngei pawhin cancer a do theih nan a pui a ni.

6. Thermal Ablation tih a ni

A châng chuan sarcoma chu a lum emaw, a vawt emaw chuan a chhe thei . Hei hi interventional radiologist-in a ti a, scan (CT scan ang chi) hmangin tumor awmna hmun dik tak chu a hmuchhuak a, instrument bik (probe) a dah lut a ni.

7. Palliative Care hmanga enkawlna (Palliative Care) a ni

Hei hi cancer tidam thei damdawi a ni lo. Mahse a pawimawh hle mai. Hei hi cancer ang chi natna khirh tak nei te tan specialized medical care a ni. Palliative care team-ah hian doctor, nurse, social worker leh nutritionist te an tel a ni. Symptoms tihziaawmna tur leh enkawlna avanga side effects awm thei te enkawl turin an thawk a ni.He group hian cancer hmuhchhuah a nih avanga stress leh harsatna lo thleng thinte hmachhawn turin a pui bawk che a, i nunphung pawh a vawng reng thei bawk.

8. Clinical Trial neih a ni

I doctor pawhin clinical trial ah tel ve turin a rawt thei bawk che . Hengte hi cancer enkawlna thar a him leh him loh enfiahna zirchianna a ni. Sarcoma enkawlna thar hi research phase-ah a awm reng a ni. I diagnosis a zirin he trial chi hi i tan chuan duhthlan tur a ni thei.

Sarcoma nen hian nun hi eng ang nge ni? (Dam dam Rate) 1.1.

Hei hi mi tam takin an zawh thin a ni. Soft tissue sarcoma-ah chuan cancer hi taksa peng dang (metastasized)-ah a darh loh chuan kum nga chhunga dam rei zat chu 81% vel a ni. Mahse, metastatic cancer vei tan chuan he zat hi 15% vel a ni. Bone sarcoma chi khat, osteosarcoma-ah chuan kum nga chhunga dam rei zat chu cancer a darh loh chuan 77% vel a ni a, metastatic cancer-ah chuan 26% vel a ni.

Mahse, heng numbers chauh hi i prognosis hi base suh. I result chu thil tam takah a innghat ang a, chung zingah chuan sarcoma i neih chi hrang hrang, a awmna hmun, i hriselna tlangpui leh enkawlna i dawn dan te pawh a tel ang. I doctor hi i dinhmun chipchiar tak hriat theihna tur mi tha ber a ni.

Doctor hmuh hun tha ber berte chu engte nge ni?

Lump thar i neih chuan – a na emaw, a na lo emaw – a bik takin golf ball ang maia lian (centimetre 5 vel) a nih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh. Tin, nangmah emaw i fa emaw hian ruh natna i nei a, hliam tuar lovin , a mah chauhin a dam lo a nih chuan, damdawi lam thurawn zawng rawh.

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

Sarcoma hi cancer chi khat a ni lo. Kan ruh emaw, kan soft tissue emaw-a lo awm thei tumor chi hrang hrang pawl a ni. Tumor awmna hmun azirin symptoms a inang lo. Sarcoma i vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan i enkawl dan tur leh nakin lawka natna i neih dan tur chu thil tam takah a innghat tih hre reng ang che. I doctor chuan heng zawng zawng hi a hrilhfiah thei che a ni.

Hlauthawng suh, fimkhur zawk rawh. Thil danglam bik i hriat chuan doctor nen sawiho rawh. A hmuhchhuah hma poh leh enkawlna a hlawhtlin theihna a sang zawk.

` Sarcoma, cancer, ruh cancer, soft tissue cancer, cancer symptoms, cancer enkawlna, Sarcoma