Tar natna leh mit lama harsatna lo awm thin: Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) nge Temporal Arteritis chungchang hi i zir ang u?

I chhûngkuaa tar, i nu emaw, i pa emaw, i pi emaw pawh ni se, lu natna chungchângah an phunnawi fo em? I mit hmuhna chu a rualin a chak lo deuh niin a lang em? Tichuan hei hi i tan thil pawimawh tak a ni mai thei. Vawiin hian natna pakhat Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) , a hmaa Temporal Arteritis tia hriat thin, puitlingte natna vei thin chungchang kan sawi dawn a ni. Hlauh tur a awm lo, a pawimawh ber chu hei hi hriat chian a ni.

GCA chu eng nge ni? Engvangin nge a hlauhawm theih?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) hi i taksaa thisen kalna kawng lian tak tak (a bik takin lu, kawr leh kutphah te) a ti na a ni. Doctor-te chuan ``vasculitis'' an ti bawk.Chutiang taka thisen kalna kawng a lo hring chhuah chuan an bang chu a thim a, thisen kalna tur kawng a ti tawi a ni. Tui pipe luang chhuak thei lo ang maiin ngaihtuah rawh. Chutianga thisen kal dan tihbuai a nih chuan, chu thisen kalna kawngte thisen pe chhuaktu taksa peng pawimawh tak tak leh tissue te chu a tichhe thei a ni.

I hmai sir lehlamah awm temporal arteries te hian i luruh, jaw muscles leh optic nerve, mit hmuhna pe theitu nerve te hnenah thisen an pe a ni. GCA hian heng temporal arteries te hi a nghawng a nih chuan harsatna lian tak tak a thlen thei a, chu chu mitdelna te hi a ni . GCA hian taksaa thisen kalna kawng lian ber aorta leh a pengte pawh a nghawng thei bawk. He aorta swelling hi aortitis an ti a, hriselna lama harsatna lian tak a thlen thei a ni.

GCA hi inflammatory disease dang, Polymyalgia Rheumatica, emaw PMR nen a inzawm thei a ni. PMR chungchang hi a hnuah kan sawi belh leh ang.

GCA hi natna khirh tak a ni tak tak em?

Ni e, GCA hi natna a ni a, a hmaa hriat chhuah leh enkawl loh chuan a na thei hle . Hei hi a chhan chu:

• I mit a chhe thei . I mit hmuhna a hloh nghal mai thei a, a nih loh leh mit pakhat emaw, mit pahnih emaw a mit a del thei bawk.
• I thisen kalna kawng a chhe thei . Entirnan, thisen kalna kawng (aneurysm) an tih, thisen kalna kawng chu balloon ang maia bulh a, puak darh chuan a puak theihna a tipung a ni.
• Thil dang, stroke emaw, transient ischemic attack ("mini-strokes" tia sawi bawk) te pawh a awm thei bawk.

Chuvang chuan heng symptoms te hi hriat chian a pawimawh em em a ni.

GCA hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

GCA hi vasculitis chi hrang hrang zinga mi ni mah se, a pumpuiah chuan natna hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni . United States-a statistics atanga a lan dan chuan mi 100,000 zinga 19-23 chauhvin he natna hi an vei a ni. Sri Lanka-ah hian statistics dik tak awm lo mah se, kum upa lam an pun zel avangin hei hi ngaihtuah a tha hle.

GCA (Temporal Arteritis) natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

GCA chhinchhiahna ber leh langsar ber chu lu na tak, a awm reng a, lu sir khat emaw, a sir lehlamah emaw a na tak ang maia hriat a ni.Mahse hei bakah hian symptom dang a lang thei bawk:

• Lu vunah emaw, hmai sir lehlamah (beng chunglam) i kut i dah chuan a hlimthla .
• Jaw pain , a bik takin ei emaw, ei emaw hian.
• Mit lama harsatna : Double vision, blurry vision, emaw hun rei lote chhunga mit hloh nghal mai emaw.
• Chau .
• Khawsik .
• Ei duh lohna emaw taksa rihna tlahniam emaw .
• Muscle pain : Kekawrte, kut chunglam, hip, kawr chunglam, hnungzang hnuai lam, leh hnute na.

GCA nena inzawm fo thin natna dang, Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR) ka sawi kha i hre reng em? Hei pawh hi a hring chhuak thei dinhmun a ni bawk. PMR hian natna nasa tak leh hliam na tak a thlen a , a bik takin ke leh kekawrteah. PMR hi a mah chauhin a thleng thei bawk (GCA aiin PMR hi a mah chauha awm hi a tam zawk). Mahse, GCA vei zinga 40-60% velin PMR an nei bawk ang. Tin, PMR chauh vei zinga 10-20% vel chuan nakin lawkah GCA an nei ang.

Eng thilin nge GCA hi a thlen?

Researcher-te chuan GCA hi a chhan dik tak an la hre lo a , mahse mi tam tak chuan autoimmune emaw autoinflammatory disease emaw niin an ngai. A awlsam zawngin, i taksa ngeia immune system-in i thisen kalna kawng hrisel tak takte a beih sual hian a ni .

He natna hi kum upa lam zingah a tam ber a, chuvangin mi thenkhat chuan kum upa lam nena inzawm niin an ngai. Tin, genetic factors leh environmental factors (infection, immune system tichhe thei ang chi) avanga lo awm nia ngaih a ni bawk.

GCA hian tute nge a nghawng ber?

Tu pawhin GCA hi an vei thei a, mahse a hnuaia mite hi an hlauhawm ber a ni:

• Tar : GCA hian kum 50 chunglam a nghawng fo mai a, kum upat deuh deuh hian natna kai theihna a sang chho zel a ni. Kum 70 leh 80 inkar ah a tam ber.
• Hmeichhia : He natna hi mipa aiin hmeichhiaah a tam zawk. Amaherawhchu, he natna avang hian mipa hi mitdelna an nei sang zawk a ni.
• Mihring var : Zirchianna atanga a lan dan chuan GCA hian hnam dang aiin Europe hmar lam atanga lo piang mipa hring a nghawng nasa zawk a ni. Amaherawhchu, hnam dangin an ti hmasawn thei lo tihna erawh a ni lo.

Engtin nge GCA hi hmuhchhuah a nih?

GCA symptoms i neih chuan i doctor chuan i medical history a zawt hmasa ang che a, chutah chuan physical exam a ti ang. I kut leh keah pulse chak lo a awm leh awm loh an enfiah ang. Tin, i lu an enfiah ang a, i lu vunah natna i nei em tih leh i hmai sir lehlama thisen kalna kawng (arteries) te chu a lo hring em tih an enfiah bawk ang.

GCA hriat theihna atan eng test nge hman thin?

Doctor chuan i taksaa inflammation level tehna atan thisen test eng emaw zat a ti hmasa ang. Entir nan:

• (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) (ESR) (Erythrocyte atanga tui tlak zat) (ESR) tih a ni.
• `(C-Reactive Protein)` (CRP) tih a ni a, a chhuahna tur hmun hi a inang lo hle.

Heng test te hian i taksaa inflammation level hriat theihna a pe thei che a ni. Tin, i thisen sen (red blood cells)-a oxygen phurtu hemoglobin level chu an teh thei bawk a, chu chuan thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) i nei em tih an enfiah thei bawk.

I doctor-in GCA (Temporal Arteritis) a rinhlelh chuan temporal artery ultrasound, i hmai chhunga arteries awmte ultrasound tih a order thei a ni. A nih loh leh, temporal artery biopsy an ti thei bawk . Hei hian doctor trained chuan i hmai chhunga thisen kalna (artery) sample te tak te a la a, chu chu pathologist hnenah microscope hmanga enfiah turin a thawn a ni. Hei hian artery-a inflammation (vasculitis) chhinchhiahna a awm leh awm loh a enfiah ang. Hei hi GCA nemnghehna atana test ber a ni.

A châng chuan heng test te hi a ngai thei bawk:

• ``(Computed Tomography)`` emaw ``(CT)`` emaw scan test hmanga enfiah a ni
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) hmanga enfiah a ni
• Ultrasound hmanga thisen kalna kawng lian tak tak te
• `(Positron Emission Tomography)` emaw `(PET)` emaw hmanga scan test hmanga enfiah a ni

GCA (Temporal Arteritis) hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

GCA enkawlna hi a rang thei ang bera tan tan tur a ni a, a bik takin mit hmuhna hloh loh nan .

Enkawlna ber chu damdawi chi khat ``glucocorticoid'' an tih hi a ni. Damdawi chi khat hman tlanglawn ber chu ``prednisone'' a ni.Ni khatah milligram 40 atanga 60 (mg) (kawng hmanga) atanga i tan ang a, zawi zawiin a dose chu i tihhniam ang. Mit lama harsatna emaw, mitdel emaw i neih tawh chuan i doctor chuan vein-a dah cannula (``(IV)'') hmangin ``glucocorticoids'' dose sang tak a pe thei che a ni.

Pawimawh: Glucocorticoids hi GCA control na atan damdawi pawimawh tak a ni. Mahse, heng damdawi te hian side effect engemaw zat a thlen thei a, chuvangin i doctor chuan uluk takin a lo en reng ang che.

Glucocorticoids hian i taksa hriselna a tichak lo a, chu chuan natna hrik i kai theihna a tipung thei a, a ti na zual thei bawk . They can also thin your bones , i ruh tliak theihna a tipung bawk.

Side effect dang awm thei te chu:

• Mit (cataract) a awm
• Thisen sang a sang
• Thisen sugar sang
• Mu thei lo
• Mood a inthlak danglam thin
• Muscle chak lohna leh chhiatna, a bik takin keah
• A hring, a bik takin hmai leh keah a hring
• A taksa rihna a tipung

Glucocorticoids i ei lai hian i doctor chuan i ruh density a enfiah thei ang. Exercise, calcium leh vitamin D supplement te, leh i ruh chakna tur atana ruh natna (ruh hloh) laka invenna damdawi te pawh a rawt thei bawk.

Kum 2017 khan U.S. Food and Drug Administration chuan GCA enkawlna atan biologic drug thar tocilizumab (Actemra®) tih chu a pawm a. He damdawi hi vun hnuaia injection angin emaw IV angin emaw pek thin a ni. Glucocorticoids mamawhna tihtlem nan a pui thei a ni. Mahse, tocilizumab hian side effect a nei ve tho a, chu chu i doctor chuan a hrilhfiah ang che.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

GCA symptoms i neih chuan, infection chhinchhiahna i neih chuan, symptom thar i neih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh . Doctor pan fo leh thisen test leh scan neih hian relapse (`relapse`) hriat hmasak a pui thei a ni.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

I doctor hnenah zawhna i zawt thei ang:

• Eng enkawlna nge i rawt?
• Enkawl lai hian eng side effect nge ka hriat tur?
• Enkawlna avanga a side effects tihziaawm nan eng nge ka tih theih ang?
• Hetiang dinhmun avanga harsatna awm thei te chu engte nge ni?
• Engtin nge ka dinhmun hi ka enkawl ang?
• Relapse symptoms te chu engte nge ni?
• Eng symptoms nge ka biak tur che?

GCA vei dam rei zawng chu engzat nge ni ang?

GCA neih hian dam rei zawng a ti tawi tih hmuhchhuah a ni lo a, mahse thil hrang hrangin hei hi a nghawng thei a ni. Natna hi hriatchhuah leh enkawl hmasak a nih chuan a rah chhuah a tha hle , ni engemaw zat chhungin a natna lan chhuahna a lo tha chho tan thin.

Mahse, enkawl vat loh chuan GCA hian nunna atana hlauhawm tak tak, mitdel reng reng, thisen kalna kawng (aneurysm) leh paralysis te a thlen thei a ni. Chuvangin, GCA nena inzawm symptoms i neih chuan doctor pan vat a pawimawh hle.

Enkawlna i tan hnu chuan i hmachhawn tur hlauhawm ber chu enkawlna avanga nghawng tha lo awm thei te hi a ni . Tin, GCA hi a tir lamah enkawlna hlawhtling tak hmanga tihdam ni mahse, a chang chuan a lo let leh thei (`relapse`) . Zirchiangtute chuan hetiang thil hi a thlen chhan an la hre lo.

GCA nena kan awm chhung hian engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

GCA nena nun hi a harsa thei hle. I dinhmun enkawl tur leh glucocorticoids side effects control tur chuan hengte hi han ti ve teh:

• Ei leh in tha, chaw tha ei : sa thau lo, legumes, whole grains, thei leh thlai thar ang chi thil.
• I ruh venghim turin vitamin D leh calcium tling tawk ei la.
• Ni khatah minute 30 tal taksa tihchakna engemaw zat nei rawh.
• Zan tin darkar sarih atanga darkar riat tal mut tha rawh .
• Damdawi an pek che chu a hun takah ei rawh .
• Doctor hmu fo ang che .
• Infection laka invenna atan hma la rawh .

GCA ka neih hian eng thil nge ka pumpelh tur?

GCA i neih chuan hengte hi pumpelh a tha ber ang:

• Natna i vei theihna tipungtu : GCA damdawi hian i taksa hriselna a tichak lo avangin natna hrik i kai tam zawk. I doctor hnenah hri kai theihna tihziaawmna tur kawng dang, natna laka invenna te, kut sil fo te, leh damlote laka inthiarfihlim te te zawt la.
• Meizial zuk : Meizial in hian GCA vei theihna a tipung thei a ni. Meizial i bansan veleh i thisen kalna hriselna a \ha leh ang a, chu chuan dam chhungin a hlawkpui ang che.
• Zu in : Zu in hian i thinlung leh thisen kalna kawng hriselna a nghawng tha lo thei hle. Ruh hloh a ti chak thei bawk a, i dinhmun atana damdawi i ei te nen pawh a inzawm thei bawk.

Thu pawimawh tak tak thenkhat (Take-Home Message) .

Giant Cell Arteritis (hmanlai Temporal Arteritis) hi natna khirh tak a ni thei. Mahse, i natna chu a hmaa i hriat chhuah a, doctor thiam tak hnenah i checkup fo chuan, a rah chhuah ṭha zawk i nei thei a ni . Enkawlna chhinchhiahna leh nghawng tha lote hian i rilru hriselna, i hnathawh leh i nun kawng tam takah nghawng a nei thei a ni. Mahse, nangmah chauh i ni lo. I doctor hnenah hetiang thil tawn tawhte nena support group zawng tura pui turin hrilh rawh. I thiltawn leh thurâwn mi dangte hnêna hrilh chu thlamuanna min pe thei a ni.

Lu na, hmui na, mit lama harsatna (a bik takin kum 50 chunglam i nih chuan) ang chi chhinchhiahna danglam tak tak i neih chuan ngaihthah suh la, damdawi lam thurawn zawng nghal rawh. Enkawl vat chuan harsatna lian tham a veng thei a ni.

` Giant Cell Arteritis, Temporal Arteritis, GCA, Lu na, Mit hmuhna, Thisen kalna kawng hring, Geriatric Health, Polymyalgia Rheumatica, Prednisone, Vasculitis