Kei te waranga anō koe ki tēnei? Me kōrero tātou mō te waranga!

I ētahi wā ka whakaaro tātou, "Āe, kāore e taea e au te whakakore i tēnei," tika? He whanonga kino pea, he mea hohonu ake rānei, he waranga. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō te āhua o tēnei āhuatanga, te take e puta ai, me pēhea hoki tātou e puta atu ai. He kaupapa uaua tēnei, engari kia ngana tātou kia māmā noa iho.

He aha rawa te waranga?

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko te waranga he herenga kaha ki tētahi matū, ki tētahi mahi rānei, ā, ka haere tonu te tangata ki te mahi i taua mea me te kore e whakahaere, ahakoa e mōhio ana ia ka pā kino mai. He mate mau tonu tēnei ka pā ki te toenga o ō rātou oranga . Whakaarohia, e mōhio ana ētahi tāngata he hē tā rātou mahi, ā, kei te whara i a rātou anō me ētahi atu, engari kāore e taea e rātou te mutu me te raru nui. Ka pā nui te waranga ki tō hauora, ki ō whanaungatanga whānau, ki te mahi, me ngā mea katoa o te ao. Nō reira, he mea tino nui te rapu āwhina i te wā tonu ka tīmata koe ki te kite i ngā tohu o te waranga.

He mate tēnei?

Ae, he mate te waranga, he mate pāwera . E ai ki te American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM), he mate roro mau tonu te waranga. Ehara i te mea nā te kore kaha o te hiahia, nā te kore whakatau pai rānei. Ka whakarerekē te waranga i te matū o tō roro . He rite ki tētahi atu mate mau tonu, pērā i te mate huka, te mate ngakau rānei.

He aha ngā momo matua o ngā waranga?

E rua ngā momo matua o te waranga: 1. Te waranga ki ngā matū (e kiia ana tēnei e ngā tākuta ko ngā "Mate Whakamahi Matū"). 2. Te waranga ki ngā mea ehara i te matū, arā, ki ētahi mahi ("Ngā Waranga Whanoke").

Ngā Waranga Matū

E kīia ana ngā mate whakamahi matū e ngā tākuta me te hapori hauora ināianei ko ngā "Mate Whakamahi Matū". Kei roto i te "DSM-5" a te American Psychiatric Association, he pukapuka mō te tautuhi i ngā mate hinengaro, he paearu mārama mō te tautuhi i ngā "Mate Whakamahi Matū". Ko ēnei matū he tarukino ka taea te whakawara. Ka taea ēnei te whakamahi i ngā rongoā whakahaunga, i ngā raau taero ture kore rānei. Me titiro tātou ki ētahi tauira:

• Waipiro .
• Kawheine - Ae, kei te warangahia hoki ētahi tāngata e te kawheine kei roto i te kawhe me te tī.
• Tarukino/Marihuana.
• Ngā rongoā whakapōrearea - Ko ētahi tauira ko te PCP me te LSD.
• Ngā rongoā whakamoe, ngā rongoā whakamoe me ngā rongoā anxiolytic - ngā rongoā e hoatu ana ki te hunga e uaua ana ki te moe, pērā i te benzodiazepines me te barbiturates.
• Ngā mea manawa - pērā i te whakahinuhinu peita, ngā rehu, ētahi hau, me ngā nitrites (poppers).
• Ngā momo `(Opioids)` e tangohia ana me te kore rānei he whakahaunga a te tākuta -Ngā rongoā mamae pērā i te Codeine, te Oxycodone , me te Heroin.
• Ngā rongoā whakaohooho, ahakoa i tangohia me te whakahaunga a te tākuta, kāore rānei - pērā i te Adderall ®, te cocaine, me te methamphetamine (e mōhiotia ana ko te ice).
• Tupeka /Nikotinī - Te momi hikareti , te whakamahi i ngā hikareti hiko (hikareti hiko, vaping rānei).

Ahakoa he rerekē rawa ēnei matū tetahi i tetahi, ka mahi katoa mā te whakaoho kaha i te pokapū utu i roto i tō roro, ka hoatu he kare ā-roto o te harikoa me te harikoa. Ka taea e ngā Mate Pānga Matū te puta ina whakamahia e koe ēnei matū - engari kāore e puta i te katoa. Ka taea e ēnei āhuatanga te ngawari, te āhua waenga, te kino rānei. Ko te waranga te momo tino kino o te Mate Pānga Matū.

Ngā Waranga Whanoke

Ka puta ngā waranga whanonga i roto i tētahi mahi e whakaoho ana i te pokapū harikoa o tō roro. Kei te rangahau tonu ngā kaipūtaiao whanonga i ngā āhuatanga ōrite me ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ngā waranga matū, ngā waranga whanonga, me ētahi atu āhuatanga whanonga whakahaurangi (pēnei i te Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) me te Bulimia Nervosa). I tēnei wā, ko te waranga whanonga anake kua whakamanahia i roto i te DSM-5 ko te mate petipeti. Kei roto i te wāhanga "Ngā Waranga Kore-Matū". Kāore ētahi atu waranga whanonga i roto i te DSM-5 nā te mea kāore anō kia nui ngā rangahau mō rātou. Heoi, ki te nui rawa te kaha o tētahi mahi, o tētahi āhua rānei, ka whakararuraru i ō mahi o ia rā, ka arahi pea ki ngā raruraru hauora hinengaro, pāpori, me te tinana, tae atu ki ngā raruraru pūtea i ētahi wā. Ko ētahi tauira o ngā mahi ka taea te whakawaranga:

• Te petipeti .
• Te kai - He uaua ki ētahi tāngata te whakahaere i tā rātou kai.
• Te whakakorikori tinana, te whakaiti rānei i te taumaha - He raruraru anō hoki te nui rawa o ēnei.
• Te hokohoko.
• Te tahae i ngā toa hokohoko, ētahi atu whanonga morearea rānei.
• Te moe tāne.
• Te mātakitaki i ngā pikitia pono.
• Te petipeti ataata - Ka kiia hoki tēnei ko te Mate Petipeti Ipurangi.
• Te whakamahi i te ipurangi (hei tauira, i runga i tō waea pūkoro, rorohiko) - inā koa ko ngā pāpāho pāpori.

He aha te waranga e tino kitea ana?

I te Hononga o Amerika, ko te mate tino noa ko te mate whakamahi waipiro. Ko te nikotīni me te tarukino te mea e whai ake nei. Tata ki te 10% o te hunga neke atu i te 12 tau te pakeke e pāngia ana e te mate whakamahi waipiro. He tino rite te āhuatanga i Sri Lanka, inā koa ngā raruraru e puta mai ana i te whakamahinga waipiro me te tupeka.

He aha ngā tohu o te waranga?

He rerekē ngā tohu o te waranga i ia tangata, i ia tangata, ā, i runga anō i te matū, i te mahi rānei e warangahia ana. Anei ētahi tohu noa:

• Te kore e taea te whakamutu: Tērā pea ka hiahia te tangata ki te whakamutu i te whakamahi i tētahi matū, ki te whai rānei i tētahi whanonga waranga kino, engari kāore pea e taea e rātou. Tērā pea kua maha ngā wā kua ngana rātou ki te whakaiti, engari kāore i angitu. Tērā pea ka teka rātou ki ō rātou whanaunga mō tēnei, ka huna rānei. Hei tauira, ka whakaaro pea te kaipaipa i ia rā, "Kāore au e kaipaipa anō i tēnei rā," engari ka tīmata anō rātou ki te kaipaipa.
• Te manawanui nui ake: I roto i te wā, me whakamahi koe i te nui ake o te matū, me whakapau rānei i te wā ki te mahi i taua mea kia whiwhi ai koe i te ahuareka/ te harikoa i whiwhi ai koe i mua. Hei tauira, ko te tangata i te tīmatanga i makona ki te iti o te waipiro ka hiahia ia ki te nui ake kia whiwhi ai i te ahuareka taua.
• Te arotahi nui ki te matū, ki te mahi rānei: Ko te hunga whai waranga he tino pukumahi ki te matū, ki te mahi rānei. Tērā pea ka whakaaro rātou kei te whakahaerehia ō rātou oranga e te waranga nā te mea e pau ana te nuinga o ō rātou rā ki te hiahia ki taua mea, ki te ngana ki te whiwhi, me te whakaaro ki taua mea.
• Te kore mana whakahaere: Tērā pea ka noho ngoikore rātou, ā, kāore he mana whakahaere mō ā rātou mahi, mō ā rātou whakamahinga matū rānei. Tērā pea ka pāngia rātou e te hara, te pouri, me te taumaha o te kawenga mō ngā mea kua pā ki ō rātou oranga nā te waranga.
• Ngā raruraru whaiaro me ngā take hauora: Ka pāngia ngā āhuatanga katoa o te ao e te waranga - te hauora tinana, te hauora hinengaro, ngā whanaungatanga whaiaro, te mahi, me ngā mea katoa. Ka taea e te whakamahinga matū, e te whanonga rānei te kore e taea e te tangata te whakatutuki i āna kawenga i te mahi, i te kura, i te kāinga rānei. Arā, kāore e taea e rātou te mutu, ahakoa e mōhio ana rātou ki te kino e pā ana ki a rātou nā te waranga.
• Te Whakakorenga: Tērā pea ka pāngia te hunga whai waranga e ngā tohumate whakakorenga hinengaro me te tinana ina mutu tā rātou whakamahi i te matū. Ko ngā tohumate tinana ko te wiri, te werawera, me te ruaki. Tērā pea ka pāngia hoki rātou e ngā tohumate hinengaro pērā i te manukanuka me te riri.

He aha te take e pāngia ai te tangata e ēnei mea?

Kāore he take kotahi o te waranga - he āhuatanga tino uaua .Ko te tino take o te waranga ko ngā panoni i roto i te matū o tō roro.

Ngā huringa matū i roto i te roro

Ka pāngia tō roro e ngā raau taero me ētahi mahi, inā koa te pokapū utu . Hei tangata, kua whakaritea tātou ki te rapu i te ahuareka me te makona. I te nuinga o te wā, ka puta mai tēnei ahuareka i ngā mea hauora. Ina noho tahi koe me tētahi e arohaina ana e koe, ina kai rānei koe i tētahi kai reka, ka tukuna e tō tinana tētahi matū e kiia nei ko te dopamine . Koinei te mea e pai ai tō wairua. He rite ki tētahi huringa: Ka rapu koe i ēnei mea nā te mea ka pai ai tō wairua. Ka tukuna hoki e ngā raau taero me ētahi mahi (hei tauira, te moe tāne, te whakapau moni) he nui te dopamine ki roto i tō roro. Heoi, i te kore e akiaki i a koe ki te mahi i ngā mea e hiahia ana koe ki te mahi (te kai, te mahi, te noho tahi me te hunga e arohaina ana e koe), ka pā kino ēnei taumata teitei o te dopamine ki ō whakaaro, ki ō kare ā-roto, me ō whanonga. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki ngā hiahia kino mō te raau taero, ki te mahi rānei, ka taea ai te whakaiti i te ahuareka mai i ngā mahi hauora. I roto i te wā, ka hurihia e ēnei matū, ngā mahi rānei te matū o tō roro. Ka ngoikore koe ki ō rātou pānga. Kātahi ka hiahia koe ki ētahi atu hei whiwhi i te ahuareka kotahi i mua. Mō ētahi matū, pērā i ngā opioid, he tino kino ngā tohumate o te tango i aua matū, ā, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka whakamahia tonutia e koe.

Ētahi atu take

He maha atu anō ngā take e whai wāhi ana ki te waranga:

• Ira: Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau kei waenganui i te 40% me te 60% o te mōrearea o te whakawhanake i tētahi mate whakamahi matū nā ngā āhuatanga ira. Ko te tikanga tēnei, mēnā kei roto i tō whānau (he tungāne, he tuahine, he mātua) tēnei mate, he paku teitei ake tō mōrearea. Kei te ngana tonu ngā kaipūtaiao ki te tautuhi i ngā ira motuhake e whai wāhi ana ki tēnei mōrearea.
• Ngā āhuatanga hauora hinengaro: He hononga kaha kei waenganui i te waranga me ngā āhuatanga hauora hinengaro (hei tauira, te pouri, te mate ahotea muri i te whara, te mate hinengaro rua). Tata ki te haurua o te hunga whai āhuatanga hauora hinengaro he mate whakamahi matū anō hoki, ā, tata ki te haurua o te hunga whai āhuatanga whakamahi matū he mate hauora hinengaro anō hoki.
• Ngā āhuatanga taiao: Ko te ngāwari o te uru atu ki ngā matū he tino pānga ki te mōrearea taiao. Mēnā he mema o te whānau, he hoa rānei e whakamahi ana i ngā tarukino, e tohua ana rānei he rongoā ka taea te whakamahi hē (hei tauira, ngā opioid, ngā whakaohooho), ka piki ake te mōrearea o te pānga me te whakamahinga o ngā matū.He wāhi nui anō hoki ngā Wheako Tamariki Kino (ACE) i konei. Ko ngā ACE he āhuatanga ahotea, he āhuatanga mamae rānei i pā ki te tamarikitanga. He hononga kaha ēnei ki ngā momo raruraru hauora, tae atu ki ngā waranga, ka puta ake i te oranga o te tangata.

Me pēhea koe e mōhio ai mēnā kei a koe te waranga? (Tauātanga)

Hei tātaritanga i te waranga, ka tukuna pea koe e tō tākuta ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro, ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro, ki tētahi kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro rānei mō ngā raau taero me te waipiro. Ka pātai atu tō tākuta ki a koe (me tō whānau pea) mō ō tauira whakamahinga matū me ō whanonga raruraru. Ka hiahia pea te tākuta ki te mahi i tētahi whakamātautau tinana, ā, ka tono pea ia kia whakamātauria he toto me he mimi. Ka whakaratohia e ēnei whakamātautau he mōhiohio e pā ana ki tō hauora whānui. Ka taea hoki e rātou te āwhina ki te whakatau mēnā he mate hauora kei roto i a koe.

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō ngā waranga?

Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i tētahi huinga o ngā maimoatanga, tae atu ki:

• Te whakahaere hōhipera: Ka mōrearea pea ngā tohumate tangohanga ina mutu te whakamahi i ētahi matū. Ka tirotirohia koe, ka rongoatia hoki i roto i ngā wāhanga hōhipera motuhake hei āwhina i a koe ki te ora mai i ēnei tohumate.
• Ngā Rongoā: Ka taea e ētahi rongoā te whakaiti i te hiahia, te hiahia nui, me ngā tohumate whakatārewatanga tonu. Mena he mate hinengaro anō tōu (hei tauira, te mate hinengaro rua, te pouri), ka rongoā pea tō tākuta i aua mate ki ngā rongoā.
• Whakaora/Whakaora: Ka kiia hoki tēnei ko te "noho koretake" me te "maimoatanga noho." Ka whakaratohia e ngā pokapū whakaora he tohutohu whai hanganga, he mātauranga, he tautoko, me te whakatenatena. Ka taea e koe te whiwhi maimoatanga mā te noho ki tētahi pokapū whakaora (whakaora tūroro) mā te haere rānei ki ngā wā kua whakaritea (whakaora tūroro waho). Ko te arotahi matua o ngā ratonga whakaora ko te āwhina i a koe ki te whakahaere i tō waranga me te noho ora mō te wā roa.
• Te Tohutohu me te Whakaora: Ka taea e ngā momo tikanga maimoatanga te āwhina i te hunga whai waranga ki te whiwhi tirohanga hou me te whakarerekē i ā rātou whanonga. Tērā pea ka tūtohu tō tākuta i te hinengaro hinengaro (whakaora kōrero), pērā i te whakaora whanonga hinengaro (CBT) me te whakaora rōpū rānei.
• Ngā rōpū tautoko:He tokomaha te hunga e whakahaere ana i ā rātou waranga mā te āwhina a tētahi rōpū tautoko. Hei tauira, ko Alcoholics Anonymous, ko Narcotics Anonymous rānei. Ko ngā rōpū pēnei i a Al-Anon e tautoko ana i ngā whānau me ngā hoa o te hunga whai mate whakamahi matū. Mā ēnei rōpū ka whai wāhi te tangata ki te whakapuaki i ō rātou wheako me te whiwhi tautoko tonu.

He aha te momo oranga ka taea e koe te ora mēnā ka ora koe i te waranga? (Tirohanga)

Mā te maimoatanga, he tokomaha te hunga e whakahaere ana i ā rātou waranga, ā, e ora ora ana. Heoi, ehara i te mea ngāwari te whakaora mai i ngā mate whakamahi matū me ngā waranga whanonga. He mea nui te mahi a ngā hoa tautoko, te whānau, me ngā tākuta ki te angitu o tēnei maimoatanga.

Ki te kore he maimoatanga, ka taea e te waranga te arahi ki ngā raruraru hauora nui, tae atu ki te mate. Ka taea e ia te whakangaro i ngā whanaungatanga whaiaro, te whakararuraru i te pūtea, me te arahi ki ngā raruraru ture. Ka taea hoki e te waranga te kore e rongoatia te kino ki ngā whānau, ā, ka roa pea ngā pānga mō ngā whakatipuranga.

He aha ngā mea ka taea e tātou te mahi hei ārai i te waranga?

He maha ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakaiti i tō tupono ki te whakawhanake i te waranga:

• Āraia, whakawhāitihia rānei te whakamahinga o ngā matū whakawara: Āraia, whakawhāitihia rānei te whakamahinga o ngā rongoā kāore i te whakahaungahia. Me whai tonu i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta ina whakamahi ana koe i ngā rongoā whakahaungahia. Ki te whakaaro koe kei te waranga koe ki tētahi rongoā whakahaungahia, me kōrero tonu atu ki tō tākuta.
• Kia mōhio ki tō hītori whānau: Mena kua pāngia tētahi o tō whānau e te mate whakamahi matū, e te waranga whanonga rānei, tera pea ka nui ake tō mōrearea. Kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā huarahi hei whakaiti i tō mōrearea.
• Te whakahaere hauora i te ahotea: Ka tino piki ake te mōrearea o te whakamahi matū i ngā wā ahotea me ngā huringa o te ao. He mea nui kia kitea he huarahi hauora hei whakatau i ēnei wā (hei tauira, te whakakori tinana, te whakaaroaro, te tīmata i tētahi mahi whakangahau hou). Mena kei te raru koe ki te whakahaere i te ahotea, whakaarohia te toro atu ki tētahi kaitohutohu hauora hinengaro .

Me pēhea te āwhina i tētahi tangata he waranga tōna?

He tino uaua, he tino taumaha hoki te kitenga kei te pāngia tō hoa aroha e te waranga whanonga, e te mate whakamahi matū rānei. Anei ētahi tohutohu hei āwhina i tō hoa aroha me koe anō hoki:

• Kōrero wawe: Ko te wawe o te whiwhi maimoatanga mō te tangata e pāngia ana e te waranga, ko te pai ake. Whakaaturia ō āwangawanga, ā, āwhina i a rātou ki te kimi maimoatanga i te wā e taea ai. Waea atu ki tētahi raina āwhina, kōrero ki tētahi tākuta, ki tētahi kaitohutohu hauora hinengaro rānei, tūtohu kia whakauru rātou ki tētahi kaupapa maimoatanga, haere rānei ki tētahi kaupapa 12-taahiraa. Tukuna atu tō āwhina me tō tautoko me te kore whakahē.
• Whakaharatauhia te aroha: Ahakoa kāore koe e whakaae ki tāu e aroha nei, whakarongo pai ki tā rātou e kōrero nei. Ko te nui ake o te whakaaro o tō hoa aroha kei a rātou tētahi e mārama ana ki a rātou, ko te nui ake o te tūponotanga ka kite rātou i a koe hei tangata ka taea e rātou te whakawhirinaki.
• Kia manawanui: Kaua e tumanako ka ora te waranga o tō hoa aroha mā te kōrero kotahi, mā te mahi kotahi rānei. He uaua, he mau tonu ngā mate whakamahi matū me ngā waranga whanonga, ā, kāore he rongoā tere.
• Whakaarohia hoki koe: Ko ngā hoa me te whānau o te hunga whai waranga ka pāngia e te ahotea, te pouri, te pōuri, me te mokemoke. He mea nui kia whakaarohia tō hauora hinengaro me te rapu āwhina mēnā kei a koe ēnei tohu. Whakaarohia te whakauru atu ki tētahi rōpū tautoko, ki tētahi whakahaere rānei i roto i tō hapori.

Me toro atu koe ki te tākuta?

He mate kino te waranga. Ki te whakaaro koe kei te waranga koe, kei te pāngia rānei koe e tētahi e arohaina ana e koe, me kōrero tonu ki te tākuta. Kei te wātea ngā rōpū maimoatanga me ngā rōpū tautoko hei āwhina.

Hei whakamutunga, kia maumahara ki tēnei (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

Nō reira, hei whakamutunga, ehara te waranga i te mate, ehara i te ngoikore o te hinengaro, i te hapa rānei o te āhua. Ka taea te pā ki te tangata katoa, pērā i te mate huka, te toto toto tiketike rānei. Ko te mea nui kia taea te wikitoria. Mena kei te pāngia koe, tetahi rānei e mōhio ana koe e tēnei mate, ehara koe i te mokemoke. Kaua e wehi ki te tono āwhina, kaua e whakama. Kōrero ki te tākuta, ki te kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro, ki tētahi pakeke pono rānei. Mā te maimoatanga me te tautoko tika, kua wikitoria e te miriona tāngata ēnei waranga, ā, kei te ora harikoa, kei te ora hauora. Tērā pea he uaua te haerenga, ā, ka puta ngā arai i te ara, engari kaua e ngākau rua. Ka taea e koe te wikitoria i tēnei. ` Waranga, Waranga, Tarukino, Waipiro, Petipeti, Maimoatanga, Hauora Hinengaro