He uaua ki a koe te noho tahi me ētahi atu i ētahi wā? He pai ake rānei ki a koe te mahi i ngā mea ōrite, me te mahi i te auau ōrite? Mai i tō tamarikitanga, kua kitea koe e ētahi atu he "āhua rerekē" he "uaua" rānei? Tērā pea kei te raru koe i ēnei mea. Engari kua whakaarohia e koe ko te take o ēnei mea katoa he mea kāore i whakaarohia e koe, arā, ko te Mate Āhuatanga Autism (ASD)?
He aha tonu te autism?
Tuatahi, kia mārama tātou ki tēnei. Ehara te autism i te mate, ehara hoki i te hauātanga hinengaro. He rerekē te whanaketanga o ngā io i roto i ō tātou roro. He rite ki te roa o ētahi tāngata, he poto ētahi, ko ētahi e tuhituhi ana ki ō rātou ringa matau, ko ētahi e tuhituhi ana ki ō rātou ringa maui. E kiia ana ko te "spectrum" nā te mea he rerekē te pānga o tēnei āhuatanga ki ia tangata. Ahakoa he ngawari noa iho ngā tohu o ētahi tāngata, ko ētahi e uaua ana ki te mahi i ngā mahi o ia rā.
E rua ngā wāhanga matua e pāngia ana e te autism:
1. Te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero pāpori me te taunekeneke: Tērā pea ka uaua ki ngā mea pēnei i te mārama ki ngā kare ā-roto o ētahi atu tāngata, ngā āhua o te kanohi, te tikanga o ngā kupu, te titiro kanohi, me te tīmata me te pupuri i ngā whakahoahoa.
2. Ngā whanonga here me ngā whanonga auau: Ko ngā tohu ko te auau i ngā mea kotahi anō, te aro nui ki te mahi kotahi, te hiahia nui ki tētahi kaupapa motuhake (hei tauira, ngā tereina, ngā tainasoa, ngā taputapu hiko), me te aro nui, te kore rānei e aro nui ki ngā kare ā-roto pēnei i te mārama, te oro, me te pā.
Nā te aha rā i kore ai ahau i kite i tēnei i taku tamarikitanga?
He pātai tino whaitake tēnei. I ēnei rā, ka aro nui ngā tākuta ki tēnei i ngā wā e tirotirohia ana ngā tamariki nohinohi, tata ki te 18, 24 rānei marama te pakeke. Nō reira, he maha ngā wā ka kitea te autism i waenga i te 2-4 tau te pakeke.
Engari he rerekē rawa te āhua i ngā tau 20-30 ki muri.
- Te Kore o te Mōhiotanga: I taua wā, he iti noa te mōhiotanga o te hapori mō te autism. Nō reira, i hē te tapanga o ngā uauatanga pāpori o te tamaiti he "whakama," te hoha he "pakari," me ngā ngoikoretanga ako he "kuware."
- Ngā Tātaritanga Hē: I ētahi wā, ka pohehe ngā tohu o te autism ki ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro, pērā i te Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) me te Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).
- Te huna i te āhua o te tangata, inā koa he tangata atamai, he pūkenga ako pai hoki, ka ngana pea ki te huna i tōna āhua pōuri pāpori, ka whakatauira i ētahi atu kia "haere noa." Ka kiia tēnei ko te 'huna i te āhua o te tangata'. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ahakoa te nui o te ahotea o roto, kāore e kitea i waho.
Mena he tino ata noho koe i tō tamarikitanga, i noho ko koe anake, i arotahi noa rānei ki ngā pukapuka, tera pea kua kore e mōhio ngā pakeke ki ō uauatanga o roto.
Ngā take hei whakapae kei a koe te autism i a koe e pakeke ana
He maha ngā wā, ka tīmata te pakeke ki te rangahau i tēnei mea mā te whakamahi i tētahi kaupapa. Tērā pea ina kitea he autism tō tamaiti, ka whakaaro pea koe ki a koe anō ina pānui koe i aua tohu, "Āe, ko au tēnā." Mēnā rānei ka haere koe ki te kite i tētahi tohunga hinengaro mō tētahi atu raruraru, ka mōhio pea ia ki ēnei tohu.
Tirohia te ripanga i raro nei. Kei te pāngia koe e ēnei āhuatanga anō hoki?
| Kei te pēnei ō whakaaro? (Tō wheako) | Te pānga o te autism ki tēnei (te take pea) |
|---|---|
| He tino hoha ngā huihuinga pāpori pēnei i ngā pāti tari me ngā marena. Ka ngenge koe mō ngā rā i muri i tō hokinga mai. | He nui te kaha o te roro e hiahiatia ana hei mārama ki ngā nekehanga a ētahi atu tāngata, ki ngā tauira kōrero, me te whakaaro ki tā rātou e kōrero ai. He tino hoha tēnei ki te hinengaro. |
| He pai ki ahau te whai i te ara kotahi ki te mahi, te kai i te toa kotahi, me te whakarite i taku rā i te ara kotahi. Mēnā ka puta he huringa ohorere, ka tino manukanuka, ka ahotea hoki ahau. | Ka whakaratohia e ngā mahi o ia rā te wairua o te haumaru me te pumau. Ka taea e ngā huringa ohorere te mea ka kore e taea te whakahaere i te ao. |
| Ahakoa te nui o tāu kōrero mō tētahi kaupapa (hei tauira, te hītori, te hōtaka rorohiko, te taonga puoro), kei te hiahia tonu koe ki taua kaupapa ahakoa e whakaaro ana ētahi he "hoha". | Ka kiia ēnei ko "Ngā Hiahia Motuhake." Ka taea e te hunga whai autism te arotahi hōhonu ki tētahi kaupapa motuhake. |
| He rite ki te mamae o te upoko ngā rama kanapa, te puoro nui, me te kōrero a te tangata i roto i te hūpermakete. Kāore au e aro ki te kare o ngā tohu i runga i ētahi kākahu e mirimiri ana ki tōku tinana. | Ka kiia tēnei ko te taumaha rawa o ngā kare ā-roto. Ina kore e taea e te roro te tukatuka tika i ngā kare ā-roto (ngā tirohanga, ngā oro, ngā pā) e uru mai ana ki roto, ka pōhēhē te hinengaro. |
Āe, me pēhea te tautuhi i te mate inaianei?
He uaua ake te tautuhi i te autism i roto i te pakeke i te tautuhi i te tamaiti nohinohi, nā te mea kua ako kē koe i ngā huarahi rerekē hei noho me ō uauatanga me te huna hoki.
Ngā mea hei mahi
1. Tirohia he tākuta: Ko te mea tuatahi, ko te mea nui rawa atu, ko te kōrero ki tō tākuta whānau (GP). Ka taea e ia te tuku i a koe ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro, ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro rānei, he tohunga ki tēnei mahi.
2. Ngā whakamātautau aromatawai-ā-ipurangi: He maha ngā pātai aromatawai-ā-ipurangi mō te autism i hangaia mō ngā pakeke. Ka taea e koe te whakamātau i ēnei. Engari kia maumahara, ehara i te mea koinei anake te huarahi tino pono hei whakatau mēnā he autism tōu. Heoi anō, he tīmatanga pai ēnei. Mā ngā hua o ēnei pātai koe e āwhina ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta.
3. Te tukanga tātaritanga: Ina tirohia koe e te tākuta ,
- Ka mātakitaki rātou i tō whanonga me tō āhua kōrero.
- He maha ā rātou pātai e pā ana ki tōu oranga o nāianei, ki tōu mahi, me ōu whanaungatanga.
- Ko te mea nui ko tō tamarikitanga. Ka pātai mai rātou mō ngā mea pēnei i tō āhua i a koe e tamariki ana, te wā i tīmata ai koe ki te kōrero, te āhua o tāu tākaro, me te mea he hoa ōu.
- Mena he mātua, he tuākana, he teina rānei ōu, he tangata rānei i mōhio ki a koe mai i tō tamarikitanga, ka hiahia pea te tākuta ki te kōrero ki a rātou, nā te mea ka maumahara pea rātou ki ngā mea kāore koe e maumahara ana.
Ahakoa ehara tēnei haerenga i te mea māmā noa iho, he tino whakamarie te mōhio ki te pono.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ehara i te mea ko ngā tamariki anake te mea e pāngia ana e te autism. Ka taea hoki te tautuhi i te pakeketanga. Ki te pēnei ō whakaaro, ehara i te mea ko koe anake.
- Ehara i te mea nāu tō whakamā, tō hoha, me ō raruraru kare ā-roto. Tērā pea he rerekē te mahi a tō roro.
- Ko te taahiraa tuatahi ki te kimi i tētahi tātaritanga ko te kōrero ki tō tākuta . Kaua e whakawhirinaki noa ki ngā whakamātautau ipurangi.
- Ehara te tātaritanga autism i te "tapanga" e tukuna ana ki a koe. He mea nui tēnei ki te mārama ki a koe anō, ki te mōhio ki ō kaha, me te ako ki te noho tahi me ō uauatanga.
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