Kua whakaaro koe he aha te uaua toto nui rawa atu, tino nui hoki o tō tinana? Ko tō aorta tēnei — te ara matua o tō pūnaha tohanga toto. Ka rere tēnei uaua toto nui mai i tō ngākau ki raro ki tō puku, hei ara nui e tuku ana i te toto hou, whai hāora ki tō tinana katoa. Nā te mea he tino hira, ko tētahi raruraru e pā ana ki tō aorta ka pā kino ki tō hauora whānui. I Nirogi Lanka , ka kiia tēnei rōpū mate e pā ana ki te aorta ko te aortopathy .
He aha te Aortopathy? Me whakamārama ngāwari tātou.
I roto i ngā kupu māmā noa iho, ko te aortopathy e pā ana ki tētahi rōpū mate e ngoikore ai, e kino ai rānei ngā pakitara o tō aorta. Whakaarohia pēnei: i ia wā e pā ana tō ngākau, ka panaia te toto ki roto i tēnei uaua nui. Hei whakahaere i taua pēhanga, me kaha, me pakari hoki ō pakitara aorta. Heoi, ki te ngoikore ēnei pakitara, ka pupuhi, ka pakaru, ka haehae rānei (ka tapahia), ka mate pea. Ko te momo aortopathy motuhake kei a koe e whakatau ana i te pānga o tō aorta.
He aha ngā momo matua o te Aortopathy?
He maha ngā momo aortopathy. Me matapaki tātou i ngā mea tino noa.
Te Aneurysm Aorta Puku (AAA)
Ka puta tēnei ina ngoikore tetahi wāhanga o te aorta e tika ana mā roto i tō puku, ā, ka pupuhi pērā i te poihau. Ka kiia tēnei he aneurysm . Ko te nuinga o tēnei āhuatanga ka pā ki te hunga neke atu i te 65 tau te pakeke, te hunga e momi hikareti ana, te hunga rānei he take mōrearea mō te manawa. Ko te mōrearea o te AAA ko tōna pakaru ohorere, ka puta he toto o roto e morearea ana ki te ora.
Te Aneurysm Aorta o te Uma (TAA)
Ko te ngoikore, te pupuhi rānei o te wāhanga o te aorta e rere ana i roto i tō uma. Ahakoa he iti ake te kitea o te (TAA) i te (AAA), he maha ngā wā he kaha te ira, arā, ka taea te horapa i roto i ngā whānau. Pērā i te (AAA), ko te mōrearea matua o te (TAA) ko te pakaru o te uaua e morearea ana ki te ora.
Te Mōrearea o te Wehenga o te Aorta
He āhuatanga ohorere nui tēnei. Ka puta te tapahi aorta ina pakaru te paparanga o roto o tō pakitara aorta. I te nuinga o te wā ka puta tēnei i tētahi wāhi kua ngoikore kē te pakitara, i ētahi wā kei reira he aneurysm, ahakoa ka taea te puta me te kore he aneurysm. E rua ngā momo matua: Te tapahi Momo A , e pā ana ki te pakaru o te wāhanga o te aorta e tata ana ki te ngākau (i mua i te āwhata), me te tapahi Momo B , e puta ana i muri i te āwhata, i roto i te uma, i te puku rānei. Ko te tapahi Aortic hehe āhuatanga ohorere e hiahia ana kia tātaritanga me te maimoatanga tonu.
Te Mārama ki te Aortopathy Whānau
Ko te aortopathy whānau e pā ana ki ngā mate aorta he hononga ira (tuku iho) . He rerekētanga ira motuhake ā te hunga whai mate nei e whakanui ake ana i tō rātou ngāwari ki ngā mate aorta. He maha ngā wā ka pā tēnei ki te aorta thoracic, inā koa te pakiaka aorta, te aorta piki rānei.
Ko te tikanga ka whakarōpūtia kia rua ngā momo:
He aha te Aortopathy Syndromic?
E kiia ana ko te (Syndromic heritable thoracic aortic disease), ka puta tēnei ina he mate ira tōu e pā ana ki te aorta me ētahi atu āhuatanga tinana, mate rānei. Ko ētahi o ngā mate e hono ana ki te mate aorta ko:
- Te mate Loeys-Dietz
- Te mate Marfan
- Te mate Turner
- Te mate Ehlers-Danlos toto
Te Mārama ki te Aortopathy Kore-syndromic
E mōhiotia ana ko te (Non-syndromic heritable thoracic aortic disease), ka puta tēnei ina kāore he mate kua whakahuatia, engari kei a koe ngā momo ira e whakanui ana i tō mōrearea ki te mate aortic. Neke atu i te 50 ngā ira kua tautuhia e ngā kaipūtaiao e pā ana ki ēnei āhuatanga. Ko ētahi o ngā mea tino nui ko:
- ACTA2 (te mea tino noa)
- FOXE3
- LOX
- MYH11
- MYLK
Kia maumahara, mēnā kua pāngia tētahi mema o te whānau e te aneurysm aortic, e te tapahi rānei, kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā whakamātautau ira . Mēnā kua tāpaetia koe he mate aortic, me whai whakamātautau ira anō hoki ō whanaunga hei whakatau mēnā kei te mōrearea rātou.
He aha te Aortopathy Bicuspid?
E kiia ana tēnei ko te (Bicuspid valve-associated aortopathy). Ko tōna tikanga, hei tāpiri atu ki te mate aortic, he mate manawa whānau tōu e kiia nei ko te Bicuspid Aortic Valve (BAV) . Ko te BAV te mate manawa whānau tino noa, e pā ana ki te 1 i roto i te 50 tāngata.
He kaitiaki tatau te mahi a tō takirere aorta, e whakahaere ana i te rere o te toto mai i te ruma papu matua o tō ngākau (te ventricle maui) ki roto i te aorta. E toru ngā rau o te takirere aorta hauora; e rua noa iho ngā rau o te takirere bicuspid. Ahakoa he maha ngā tāngata whai BAV kāore e whakaatu i ō rātou tohu mō ngā tau, ka taea e ia te arahi ki ngā raruraru i roto i te wā.
Mena he bicuspid aortopathy tōu, e rua noa ngā rau o tō takirere aorta, ā, he whānui ake tō aorta i te mea noa (dilatasi). Mō ngā tūroro (BAV), ka puta tēnei whānui i te pūtake aorta, i te aorta ascending rānei—ngā wāhanga e tata ana ki tō ngākau.
Ngā raruraru o te Bicuspid Aortopathy
Kāore pea e puta he raruraru tonu i te whānui haere o te aorta. Heoi, ki te whānui haere te aorta, ka taea te huri hei aneurysm. Ka nui te pēhanga o ngā pakitara o te aorta, ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te pakaru, te motu rānei. Tata ki te iwa ngā wā ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te hunga whai bicuspid aortopathy ki te motu i te aorta i te hunga kāore i te mate.
He pēhea te noa o te Aortopathy?
Ko te auau o te mate ka whakawhirinaki ki te āhua motuhake. Ko te Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) te momo aortopathy tino kitea. I te United States anake, tata ki te 200,000 ngā take o te AAA ka kitea i ia tau. I te ao whānui, e kiia ana ka mate te 47,000 tāngata i ia tau nā ngā momo aortopathy rerekē.
He aha ngā tohu o te Aortopathy? Kaua e warewarehia ēnei!
I te nuinga o te wā, kāore he tohu o te aortopathy, koia te take e tino morearea ai. Koia te take he mea nui te tirotiro hauora auau mēnā kei a koe ngā āhuatanga mōrearea kei raro.
Ina tata te pakaru o te aneurysm aortic, tera pea ka kite koe i ētahi tohu whakatūpato:
- Te kare ā-roto o te kī o tō puku i muri i te kai iti noa iho.
- Te mamae tonu i tō tuara, i tō papa, i tō hope, i ō waewae, i tō puku rānei.
- He kare e pāorooro ana, e orooro ana rānei i te taha o tō pito, he rite ki te pā o te manawa.
- Te poto o te manawa.
He āhuatanga ohorere hauora e morearea ana te pakaru o te aneurysm aortic me te wehenga aortic! Mena ka pāngia koe e ēnei āhuatanga, waea atu ki te 911, ki tō ratonga ohorere ā-rohe rānei, haere rānei ki te tari ohorere o te hōhipera tata rawa atu:
- Te mamae ohorere, te mamae nui o te puku.
- He mamae ohorere, kaha, koi i roto i tō uma, i tō tuara rānei o runga. Tērā pea ka rite ki te haehae, te wero, te haehae rānei.
- Kiri mākūkū, werawera nui rānei.
- Pōhēhētanga.
- Pōuriuri, ngoikore rānei.
- Te tere o te manawa.
- Whakapairuaki me te ruaki.
- Te uaua ki te manawa.
- Te uaua ki te kōrero.
- Te ngaronga ohorere o te tirohanga.
- Te ngoikore, te pararutiki rānei i tetahi taha o te tinana.
He aha te take o te Aortopathy?
He maha ngā take ka puta mai ai te mate pukupuku io, ko ētahi ka whānau mai i te whānautanga, ko ētahi ka whanake i muri mai i te ao.
- Ira: Ka taea e ngā mate ira me ngā rerekētanga ira te whakararu i a koe ki te mate aorta. Ko te Aortopathy Familial ka tukuna iho i roto i te tauira 'autosomal dominant', arā, ki te mau te ira i tētahi o ngā mātua, e 50% te tūponotanga ka tukuna ki ā rātou tamariki.
- Mate ngākau whānau: He maha ngā wā ka honoa ēnei ki te aortopathy. Hei tauira, ko te 'Bicuspid aortic valve', te 'Coarctation of the aorta', te 'Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (VSD)', te 'Tetralogy of Fallot', te 'd-Transposition of the great arteries', me te 'Truncus arteriosus'. Ko ētahi whakatikatika pokanga, pērā i te 'Arterial switch (ASO)', te 'Atrial baffle (Mustard/Senning)', ngā 'pokapū Norwood, Glenn, me Fontan kua whakaritea' rānei, ka honoa pea ki te whanaketanga o te aortopathy i muri mai.
- Te Atherosclerosis:Ko te kohikohinga o te papaki i roto i ō uaua, e whaiti ai, tētahi o ngā tino take o te aortopathy ka puta ake i muri mai i te ao.
Ko wai kei te nui ake te mōrearea ki te Aortopathy?
He maha ngā āhuatanga mōrearea e whai wāhi ana ki te whanaketanga o te aortopathy:
- Te momi hikareti me te whakamahi tupeka: He tūmomo mōrearea nui tēnei. Ko te nuinga o ngā aneurysms aortic ka puta i roto i ngā tāngata e momi hikareti ana, e momi hikareti ana rānei i mua.
- Te toto toto tiketike (hypertension): I roto i te wā, ka ngoikore pea ngā pakitara o tō aorta.
- Tau: Ka tino piki ake te mōrearea o te whakawhanake i te aneurysm aortic i muri i te 65 tau.
- Hītori whānau: Mena kua pāngia tētahi mema o te whānau e te aneurysm, e te tapahi rānei, he nui ake tō tūponotanga.
- Te nui o te cholesterol, te triglycerides rānei: Ka nui ake te kaha o te hanga paraka i roto i ō uaua nā te nui o ngā taumata lipid.
- Mate pūmua: Ka taea e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te 'Giant cell arteritis' me te 'Takayasu arteritis' te whakararu i ngā pakitara o te aorta, ka ngoikore ai.
- Mate urutā: He onge noa iho, ka ngoikore te hanganga o ngā mate pēnei i te 'syphilis' me ngā mate kitakita rānei i roto i te pakitara o te aorta.
Me pēhea te tātaritanga o te Aortopathy?
Nā te mea kāore he tohu whakatūpato o ēnei āhuatanga tae noa ki te puta mai o tētahi raruraru nui, ka whakawhirinaki mātou ki te tirotiro matatau mēnā kei a koe ngā āhuatanga mōrearea e mōhiotia ana. Ka arotakehia e tō tākuta i Nirogi Lanka tō hauora aorta mēnā e whakapae ana rātou he raruraru.
Ko ngā tikanga tātaritanga noa ko:
- Whakamātautau tinana: Ka whakahaerehia e tō tākuta he aromatawai hauora whānui, ka aromatawai i ō āhuatanga mōrearea o te ngakau, ka arotake anō hoki i tō hītori hauora, i ō whanonga noho, me tō hītori whānau.
- Whakamātautau ira: Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i te whakamātautau ira hei tirotiro i ngā whakarerekētanga motuhake e pā ana ki te mate aortic.
- Ngā whakamātautau whakaahua: Hei aromatawai i te rahi me te hauora o tō aorta, ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta he whakaahua motuhake. Ka inehia e ēnei whakamātautau te whānui o te aorta hei whakatau mēnā kua whānui ake i tua atu i ngā rohe noa.
Me pēhea te tātaritanga o te Aortopathy?
- Matawai tomography rorohiko (CT)
- Whakaahua aukume (MRI)
- He whakamātautau echocardiogram transthoracic (TTE) (he whakamātautau oro-mata kore-whakaeke)
- Te echocardiogram transesophageal (TEE) (he ultrasound e mahia ana mā te esophagus)
- Te tirotiro i te puku
He painga motuhake me ngā herenga pea o ia whakamātautau tātaritanga. Mā tō tākuta e whakamārama ko ēhea ngā whakamātautau e tika ana mō tō āhuatanga motuhake, me te take hoki. Tērā pea ka whakamahia e rātou tētahi, neke atu rānei o ēnei whakamātautau hei aroturuki i tō aorta i roto i te wā. Tērā pea me whai koe i ēnei whakamātautau whakaahua i ngā wā auau (hei tauira, kotahi i te tau). Ko te auau o ēnei tirotiro ka whakawhirinaki katoa ki ō āhuatanga mōrearea whaiaro me te āhua o te hauora o tō aorta i tēnei wā.
He aha ngā maimoatanga e wātea ana mō te Aortopathy?
Ka whakaritea tō mahere maimoatanga kia rite ki tō āhua me te taumata o te mōrearea o ngā raruraru. I Nirogi Lanka, ka whakaritea e tō tākuta he mahere tiaki e tika ana mōu, tae atu ki ngā whakarerekētanga o te momo noho, ngā rongoā, ngā tikanga motuhake, ngā pokanga rānei.
Me tīmata tātou ki ngā whakarerekētanga o te āhua noho!
Mā ētahi whakarerekētanga o te āhua noho ka āwhina i te whakaroa i te whanaketanga o te mate aorta me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te pakaru o te aneurysm. Mena kua tautuhia koe he mate aorta, he mea nui kia:
- Āta karohia te inu waipiro.
- Kati te momi hikareti, me te karo i ngā hua tupeka katoa.
- Whakamahia he kai hauora mō te ngākau.
- Whakakorikori tinana i ia wā (kia rite ki ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta).
- Kia mau tonu te taumaha hauora.
- Whakahaerehia ngā āhuatanga mōrearea o te mate ngakau pērā i te toto toto tiketike me te cholesterol tiketike.
Ka taea e ngā rongoā te whai wāhi nui
Tērā pea ka tohua e tō tākuta he rongoā hei āwhina i te whakaheke i tō toto toto. Mā te whakaheke i te toto toto, ka whakaitihia e koe te ahotea e pā ana ki ngā pakitara o ō uaua toto, ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o te pakaru o te aneurysm aortic, te pakaru rānei o te uaua. Ko ngā rongoā noa ko:
- Ngā aukati whākōkī tahuri-angiotensin (ACE)
- Ngā aukati i te angiotensin receptor (ARB)
- Ngā aukati-beta
- Ngā aukati hongere konupūmā
- Diuretics (pire wai)
Ngā pokanga me ngā tikanga hauora
Ko ētahi tāngata whai aortopathy ka hiahia pea ki tētahi tikanga hauora, ki tētahi pokanga rānei. Kei roto i ēnei ko:
- Pokanga Aneurysm (pokanga tuwhera tuku iho)
- Te pokanga whakakapinga pakiaka aorta
- Te whakatikatika i te aneurysm endovascular (EVAR) – he tikanga iti rawa te whakaekenga ma te whakamahi i tētahi tapahi iti me tētahi catheter.
- Te whakatikatika i te aneurysm endovascular o te uma (TEVAR) – he tikanga whakaeke iti noa iho mō te aorta o te uma.
Me pēhea te whakaiti i tō mōrearea ki te Aortopathy?
Ko te whai i tētahi momo noho hauora mō te ngākau te parepare pai rawa atu mō te whanaketanga o te aortopathy. Anei ētahi tohutohu:
- Āraia ngā matū kino: He kino te tupeka, ngā raau taero, me te waipiro nui ki tō ngākau me ō uaua toto. Ka tino taunaki mātou kia mutu rawa te whakamahi tupeka me ngā raau taero. Mō te waipiro, kia mau ki roto i ngā rohe kua tohua - kaua e neke atu i te kotahi inu ia rā mō ngā wāhine, e rua mō ngā tāne.
- Kai i ngā kai hauora mō te ngākau: Arotahi ki ngā kai he iti te ngako kukū, te ngako whakawhiti, te konutai, me te huka tāpiri. Whakaitihia ngā warowaihā kua whakatikatikaina pērā i te taro mā, engari whiriwhiria ngā witi katoa. Kia tūpato ki te pānga o tō kai ki ō taumata cholesterol.
- Kia kaha tonu: He rerekē te āhua o te whakakori tinana mō te katoa. Kimihia he mahi e pai ana ki a koe, ā, whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta mō ngā taumata kaha haumaru. Ko te tikanga, kia 150 meneti te roa o te whakakori tinana ngāwari ia wiki, pērā i te hikoi tere, te eke pahikara, te kaukau rānei.
- Whakahaerehia te ahotea:Ahakoa he māmā ake te kōrero i te mahi, he mea nui te ako i ngā tikanga whakahaere ahotea. Tukuna atu ēnei wero ki tō pūnaha tautoko o ngā hoa me te whānau.
He aha te tirohanga mēnā he Aortopathy tōu?
Ko tō tākuta te tangata pai rawa atu hei matapaki i tō matapae. Ka whakaarohia e rātou ētahi āhuatanga, tae atu ki:
- Tō tātaritanga motuhake.
- Te tere o te whanaketanga o te mate.
- Tō tau me tō ira tangata.
- Ō take mōrearea o te ngakau.
- Te hītori hauora o tō whānau.
- Tō hītori hauora whānui.
Kia kaha ki te kōrero tuwhera ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora mō ngā mea ka taea e koe te tumanako i ngā rā kei te heke mai.
Me pēhea taku tiaki i a au anō mēnā he Aortopathy tōku?
Ka whakaratohia e tō tākuta he aratohu tiaki whaiaro. Me whai i ēnei tohutohu me te āta whakaaro, ā, kaua e mangere ki te whakapā atu mēnā he pātai āu. Tērā pea ka tohutohuhia koe kia:
- Āta karohia ngā mahi whakakori tinana taumaha, ngā hākinakina pā rānei.
- Whakaitihia, whakakorea rānei te inu waipiro.
- Me mahi ngā whakarerekētanga kai.
- Kati te whakamahi tupeka katoa.
- Tangohia ō rongoā kua tohua i ia wā, i ia wā.
Te Hapūtanga me te Aortopathy
Mena he mate pāwera tōu, ka nui ngā tūponotanga o te hāputanga. I mua i te whakamahere kia hapu, kōrero ki tō tākuta kia mōhio ai koe mēnā he haumaru mōu. Hei whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru, me whai tiaki motuhake pea koe i te wā e hapu ana, pērā i ngā whakamātautau whakaahua auau ake. Me whakarerekē pea hoki e tō tākuta ō rongoā kia kore ai koe e whiwhi rongoā kāore e haumaru i te wā e hapu ana.
Āhea koe me toro atu ki tō tākuta?
Kia mahara ki te haere ki ō whakamātautau hauora ā-tau, me te pupuri i ngā wā tirotiro hauora katoa. Mā tō tākuta koe e tohutohu mō te auau o ō tirotiro hauora e tika ana.
Mena i kitea he mate manawa whānau tōu i a koe e tamariki ana, tera pea i tirotirohia tō hauora e te tākuta manawa tamariki. Heoi, i muri i te 18 o ōu tau, tera pea kāore koe i whiwhi i tētahi tiaki hauora hou mai i tētahi tākuta hauora. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau he maha ngā tāngata e raru ana ki te whakawhiti mai i te tiaki hauora tamariki ki te tiaki hauora pakeke. Mena i rongoatia koe mō tētahi mate manawa whānau i tō tamarikitanga, he mea nui kia haere tonu te mahi tahi me te tākuta manawa pakeke. He pono tonu tēnei ahakoa kei te tino ora koe.Ma tō tākuta ngakau e tohutohu ngā mōrearea o te aortopathy me ētahi atu āhuatanga i a koe e pakeke haere ana.
Karere Hira mō te Hokona ki te Kāinga
He mate kino te Aortopathy, ā, ka mate pea mēnā kāore i te tautuhia, kāore hoki i te rongoātia. Mēnā kua pāngia tētahi o tō whānau e te aneurysm aortic, e te dissection rānei, tēnā kōrero ki tō tākuta kia mārama ai koe ki tō mōrearea whaiaro. He nui ake te mōrearea o ētahi tāngata nā ngā āhuatanga ira, ngā mate ngākau whānau, ngā āhuatanga noho rānei pērā i te momi hikareti. Mā te pupuri i tētahi momo noho hauora mō te ngākau ka āwhina i te whakaiti i tō mōrearea ki te aortopathy me te whakapakari i tō tinana whānui. Tiakina tō ngākau—koinei te patu o tō ao!
👩🏽⚕️ Ngā Pātai Auau (FAQs)
💬 He mate manawa te aortopathy?
Ehara i te mate o te ngākau tonu, engari he mate e pā ana ki te uaua nui rawa atu o te tinana. Ko te aorta te oko toto matua e kawe ana i te toto mai i tō ngākau ki tō tinana katoa. Ko ngā mate katoa e pā ana ki te aorta ka whakarōpūtia hei aortopathy. He maha ngā wā, ko te angiangi me te ngoikore o ngā pakitara o te uaua tēnei.
💬 He aha ngā mea ka tupu ina ngoikore te aorta?
Ina ngoikore, kāore pea te uaua e kaha ki te tu atu i te pēhanga o te rere o te toto mai i te ngākau, ka pupuhi pērā i te poihau (Aortic aneurysm). Ki te tipu te pupuhi, ka pakaru ohorere te uaua me te kore whakatūpato (Aortic dissection), ka mate pea i roto i ngā meneti.
💬 Ka taea te kite i tēnei i mua i te pakaru?
He maha ngā wā, kāore e kitea ngā tohu, ngā mamae rānei i roto i te aorta e whakanuia ana, ā, ka tapaina ko te 'kaikōhuru puku'. Nā te mea he tuku iho i ngā wā katoa (e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga ira pēnei i te Marfan syndrome), mēnā kua pāngia tētahi mema o te whānau e te pakaru o te aorta, he mea nui kia whai wāhi ētahi atu ki tētahi echocardiogram, ki tētahi CT scan rānei hei tirotiro, ā, ki te tika, me whai i te pokanga, i te wawaotanga hauora rānei.
Kupumatua: Nirogi Lanka, Aortopathy, Aorta, Mate ngākau, Aneurysm, Wehenga aorta, Ngā mate ira, Mamae uma, Toto toto tiketike, Momi hikareti, Hauora ngākau
