Kei te ahua kore e taea te whakahaere i tō whakamahinga tarukino? (Te Mate Whakamahinga Tarukino) Me kōrero tāua mō tēnei!

Ko te Tarukino, e mōhiotia ana ko te mariuana, he mea e whakamahia ana e te tini tāngata hei whakangahau, ina huihui rātou me ngā hoa. Engari i ētahi wā ka nui rawa tēnei 'mea iti' ka kore e taea te whakahaere. Kātahi ka tīmata te pā ki ō mahi o ia rā, ō whanaungatanga, me tō hauora. He raruraru pēnei tāu nā te whakamahinga o te tarukino? He mate rānei tēnei e pāngia ana e tētahi e mōhio ana koe? Nō reira, i tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō te mate e pā mai ana i tēnei whakamahinga o te tarukino, arā , te Mate Whakamahi Tarukino .

He aha te Mate Whakamahi Tarukino?

Ki te whakarapopototanga, ko te Mate Whakamahinga Tarukino (CUD) he āhuatanga e puta ai ngā raruraru i roto i tō oranga i te whakamahinga o te tarukino (marijuana) me te pā ki tō hauora hinengaro. He momo Mate Whakamahinga Matū (SUD) anō hoki.

Ina kī tātou ko te tarukino, ko te tikanga he hua i ahu mai i te tipu 'Cannabis sativa'. Ko tōna tikanga ko ōna putiputi, rau, kakau, me ngā purapura maroke. Neke atu i te 500 ngā matū kei roto i tēnei tipu. Ko te 'Cannabidiol' (`CBD`) tētahi o aua matū.

Ko te tarukino e pā ana ki tētahi wāhanga, ki tētahi hua rānei o te tipu 'Cannabis sativa', engari me nui te matū kei roto ko te tetrahydrocannabinol (`THC`) . Ko tēnei 'THC' te mea e 'whakahihiri' ai koe, arā, te ahua haurangi. He momo tarukino te tarukino, engari ehara i te mea ko ngā tarukino katoa he tarukino. Ko te mate 'CUD' te take nui o ngā matū kei roto i te 'THC' (arā, te tarukino).

Ka rerekē te kaha o tēnei āhuatanga 'CUD' – ka pāngia ētahi e ngā tohu ngawari , ētahi he tohu āhua noa , ētahi he tohu kino . Ko te tikanga, he hiahia kore e taea te whakahaere ki te whakamahi i te tarukino, he nui ake te manawanui ki te tarukino (arā, me nui ake te hiahia kia rite ki tō āhua o mua), me ngā tohu whakatārewatanga ina mutu tō whakamahi.

Ka pā kino te CUD ki tō hauora, ki ō whanaungatanga ki te whānau me ngā hoa, tae atu ki tō oranga katoa. Nō reira, he mea nui kia rapu āwhina koe ina tīmata koe ki te kite i ngā tohu.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenganui i tēnei `CUD` me te waranga tarukino?

Ka kiia e mātou te mate whakamahi tarukino (CUD) he ngawari, he taurite, he kino rānei. Ko te waranga ki te tarukino te momo tino kino o te mate. Ko te tikanga ko te whakamahi tonu i te tarukino ahakoa ngā raruraru e pā mai ana. Ka puta te waranga ki te tarukino ina taunga tō pūnaha utu o tō roro ki te whakamahi i te tarukino, ka akiaki i a koe ki te rapu.

He pēhea te noa o tēnei āhuatanga 'CUD'?

Ina hoki, he mate noa te `CUD`. I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau i te tau 2021, tata ki te 5.8% o te hunga 12 tau te pakeke, neke atu rānei, i te United States (arā, tata ki te 16.3 miriona tāngata) i pāngia e te `CUD` i roto i ngā marama 12 kua pahure. Ka kitea anō hoki tēnei mate i Sri Lanka, ahakoa he nui, he iti rānei te whānuitanga.

He aha ngā tohu o te 'Mate Whakamahi Tarukino'?

E ai ki te American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5), ko ngā tohu e whai ake nei o te mate whakamahi tarukino:

• Te whakamahi i te tarukino i te nui ake, me te roa atu i tāu i whakaaro ai.
• He hiahia nui, he hihiri rānei ki te whakamahi i te tarukino.
• Kāore i angitu ngā nganatanga ki te whakaiti, ki te whakahaere rānei i te whakamahinga o te tarukino.
• He roa te wā e hiahiatia ana hei kimi, hei whakamahi, hei whakaora rānei i ngā pānga o te tarukino.
• Te kore e taea te mahi i ngā mahi i te mahi, i te kura, i te kāinga rānei nā te whakamahinga o te tarukino.
• Te whakamahi tonu i te tarukino ahakoa ngā raruraru whanaungatanga.
• Te whakarērea o ngā mahi pāpori, mahi, whakangahau rānei nā te whakamahinga o te tarukino.
• Te whakamahi tonu i te tarukino, ahakoa i roto i ngā āhuatanga morearea , pēnei i te taraiwa waka.
• Te whakamahi tonu i te tarukino ahakoa e mōhio ana kei te pāngia e te mate tinana, te mate hinengaro rānei.
• Te nui haere o te manawanui (arā, me nui ake te tarukino kia rite ai te kaha ki mua).
• Te pāngia e ngā tohumate tango i te tarukino ina mutu te whakamahi, me te whakamahi anō i te tarukino hei whakakore i aua tohumate.

Mena ka puta mai ēnei tohu, he mea nui kia rapu tohutohu hauora i te wā e taea ai.

Ētahi atu tohu me ngā whanonga

Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnei, ka kitea anō hoki ētahi atu āhuatanga me ngā whanonga:

• Pōhēhē, uaua ki te arotahi.
• Ngā raruraru mahara.
• Te uaua ki te ako i ngā mea hou.
• Te kitenga, te rongo rānei i ngā mea kāore i reira ('Whakaaroaro Hāereere').
• Ngā whakaaro pohehe.
• Te noho tawhiti atu i ngā hoa me te whānau.
• Ngā huringa ohorere o te wairua me te whanonga.
• Te riri me te whakakahore ina pātai tetahi mō te whakamahinga tarukino.
• Kāore i te aro ki ō rātou āhua pērā i mua.
• Te whanonga huna hei huna i te whakamahinga o te tarukino.

He aha ngā take o te 'Mate Whakamahi Tarukino'?

Ko te tangata e pāngia ana e te 'Mate Whakamahi Tarukino' ka taea te whai i tētahi tauira pēnei:

1. Whakamahinga whakamātautau.

2. Whakamahinga i ētahi wā.

3. Te whakamahinga nui.

4. Te mate whakamahi matū.

He ahua uaua tēnei haerenga. He maha ngā āhuatanga e whai wāhi ana ki te whanaketanga o te mate whakamahi matū. Ko ngā mea matua ko:

• Ngā pānga o te THC ki te matū o tō roro.
• Ngā āhuatanga ira (te awe o te tuku iho).
• Ngā āhuatanga hauora hinengaro.
• Te ngāwari o te uru atu me te pānga ki te tarukino.

Te matū o te roro

Ka pā te matū 'THC' ki tō roro, inā koa te 'pokapū utu'.

He mea hanga ā-koiora tātou katoa ki te rapu i te ahuareka. I te nuinga o te wā, ka puta mai tēnei ahuareka i ngā mea hauora. Ina noho tahi koe me tētahi e arohaina ana e koe, ina kai rānei koe i tētahi kai reka, ka tukuna e tō tinana tētahi matū e kiia nei ko te dopamine . Koinei te mea e harikoa ai koe, e makona ai hoki koe. He rite ki tētahi huringa; ka rapu koe i ēnei wheako nā te mea ka pai ai tō wairua.

Ina whakamahi koe i ngā raau taero pēnei i te tarukino, ka tere te pikinga o te dopamine i roto i tō roro. Heoi, i te kore e akiaki i a koe ki te mahi i ngā mea e tika ana kia ora ai koe (te kai, te mahi, te noho tahi me te hunga e arohaina ana), ka taea e ēnei taumata dopamine teitei te whakaputa i ngā huringa kino ki ō whakaaro, ki ō kare ā-roto, me ō whanonga.

Mā tēnei ka nui ake tō hiahia ki te kimi i te pai o te tarukino i tō hiahia ki ngā wheako hauora. I roto i te wā, ka huri te tarukino (`THC`) i te matū o tō roro, ka iti ake tō aro ki a ia. Kātahi, me nui ake te hiahia kia rite te pānga.

Te awe ira (te tuku iho)

Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau kei waenganui i te 40% me te 60% o te mōrearea o te whakawhanake i tētahi mate whakamahi matū he mea ira. Ko te tikanga tēnei, mēnā kua pāngia tētahi o tō whānau tata (he tuākana, he teina rānei, he mātua rānei) e tētahi mate whakamahi matū, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia koe e taua mate. Kua kitea e ngā kaipūtaiao he hononga kei roto i tētahi ira whakarerekētanga ira e kiia nei ko CHRNA2 (kei runga i te ira 8) ki te CUD.

Ngā āhuatanga hauora hinengaro

Tata ki te haurua o te hunga whai raruraru hauora hinengaro he mate whakamahi matū anō hoki (hei tauira, 'CUD'). Waihoki, tata ki te haurua o te hunga whai raruraru whakamahi matū he raruraru hauora hinengaro anō hoki. Ka kiia tēnei ko te 'tātaritanga takirua' .

Ko ngā mate whakamahi matū me ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro e hua mai ana i ētahi āhuatanga e hono tahi ana:

• Ngā mōrearea ira.
• Ngā raruraru e puta ana i ngā wāhi kotahi o te roro.
• Ngā awe o te taiao.

E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka taea e ngā āhuatanga hauora hinengaro te arahi ki te whakamahinga matū, ā, ka taea e te whakamahinga matū te arahi ki ngā āhuatanga hauora hinengaro. Ka whakamahi pea ētahi tāngata i te tarukino hei ngana ki te whakahaere i ngā tohu o ō rātou raruraru hauora hinengaro (e kiia ana tēnei ko te 'rongoā-whaiaro'). Ka taea hoki e tēnei te whai wāhi ki te āhuatanga 'CUD'.

Te ngāwari o te uru atu me te pānga ki te tarukino

Ko te ngāwari o te wātea o te tarukino he tino take mōrearea ki te taiao. Ko ngā take e whakanui ake ai i te tūponotanga o te pānga me te whakamahinga o te tarukino ko:

• Kei te whakamahi tetahi i roto i tō whare i te tarukino.
• Ō hoa e whakamahi ana i te tarukino.
• Te whai tiwhikete tarukino hauora (i ngā whenua/kāwanatanga kei reira e ture ana).

He aha ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō te 'Mate Whakamahi Tarukino'?

Ka taea e ētahi āhuatanga te whakanui ake i tō tupono ki te whakawhanake i te CUD. Ko ētahi o aua mea ko:

• Tau: Ko te hunga e tīmata ana ki te whakamahi i te tarukino i mua i te 18 tau te pakeke, e whā ki te whitu ngā wā ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia rātou e te CUD i ngā pakeke.
• Te kaha o te tarukino: Mā te whakamahi i te tarukino kaha-nui (arā, ngā taumata THC teitei) ka piki ake te mōrearea o te CUD. Waihoki, ko ētahi tikanga whakamahi tarukino (pērā i te dabbing me te vaping concentrates) ka taea te tuku taumata THC tino teitei ki te tinana.
• Auautanga o te whakamahinga: I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau ko te 17% o te hunga i whakamahi i te tarukino kotahi i te wiki me te 18.8% o te hunga i whakamahi i te tarukino i ia rā i whakaatu i ngā tohu o te whakawhirinaki ki te tarukino.
• Pouri: He nui ake te mōrearea o te hunga e pāngia ana e te pouri ki te whakawhanake i te CUD.
• Ira Tangata: He nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia ngā tāne e te CUD.
• Ētahi atu whakamahinga tarukino: Mā te whakamahi i ētahi atu tarukino, pērā i te waipiro, te nikotīni, ngā mea whakahihiko rānei, ka piki ake te mōrearea o te CUD.

Ko ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō te CUD, inā koa i waenga i ngā taiohi, ko:

• Te whakamahinga o ngā rongoā a ngā mātua.
• Te ngoikore o te mātauranga kura.
• Ngā whanonga whakahē me te whanonga whakahē.
• Te whakamahi waipiro me/ranei te nikotīni.
• Te tukino ā-ira tangata i te wā tamarikitanga.

He aha ngā raruraru ka pā mai i tēnei?

Ka pā kino pea te CUD ki tō hauora hinengaro, tinana, me te pāpori. Ko ētahi o ngā raruraru tinana o te mate e pā ana ki te whakamahinga o te tarukino ko:

• Te hinengaro pōuri i puta mai i te tarukino.
• Te mate manukanuka i puta mai i te tarukino.
• Te mate moe i puta mai i te tarukino.
• Te mate pūkahukahu o te tarukino.
• Te mate pūkahukahu mau tonu mēnā ka momi hikareti koe, ka whakamahi rānei i te tarukino.
• Ngā take whakawhānau.

Ko ngā tamariki nohinohi e pāngia ana e te CUD ka nui ake te tūponotanga ki te pāngia e ngā raruraru pēnei i:

• Te waranga tarukino kino rawa atu (CUD).
• Te pā ki te whanaketanga o te roro.
• Te ngoikore o te hinengaro.
• Te ngoikore o ngā putanga mātauranga.
• Te tūponotanga ka piki ake te whakarērea te kura.
• Te hekenga o te taumata hinengaro (`IQ`).

Me pēhea koe e mōhio ai ki tēnei?

Kāore he whakamātautau kotahi hei tautuhi i te Mate Whakamahinga Tarukino. Engari, ka tirohia e ngā kaiwhakarato hauora tō hītori hauora me ō whanonga e pā ana ki te whakamahinga o te tarukino. Tērā pea ka whakahaerehia e rātou he whakamātautau tarukino.

I te mea he mea noa te pāngia o te hunga whai CUD e te raruraru hauora hinengaro, ka pātai atu anō te tākuta mō tō hītori hauora hinengaro.

E ai ki te American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5), kia kitea ai he mate whakamahi tarukino koe, me noho kia rua ngā tohu i kōrerotia i mua ake nei mō te neke atu i te 12 marama .

Ko te mea nui kia maumahara ko te `CUD` ka taea te noho i ngā taumata rerekē:

• `CUD` ngawari: E rua, e toru rānei ngā tohu.
• `CUD` Waenga: E whā, e rima rānei ngā tohu.
• CUD kino: E ono, neke atu rānei ngā tohu.

He aha ngā maimoatanga?

He rongoā whai hua kei reira mō te Mate Whakamahi Tarukino. Ka whakawhirinaki te rongoā ki te kaha o te mate, ā, he rerekē i ia tangata, i ia tangata – tera pea he rerekē ngā maimoatanga e hiahiatia ana i ngā wā rerekē.

Nā te mea he mate mau tonu te CUD ka taea te hoki anō, me tiaki tonu kia angitu ai te maimoatanga.

Nā te mea he maha ngā āhuatanga hauora hinengaro o te hunga whai CUD, he pai ake te rongoā ngātahi i te rongoā takitahi.

E rua ngā momo matua o te maimoatanga CUD:

1. Te whakakore paitini.

2. Ngā whakaora hinengaro me ngā whakaora whanonga.

Hei tāpiri, he maha ngā wāhi me ngā huarahi hei whiwhi maimoatanga:

• Te tohutohu tūroro o waho.
• Te maimoatanga whānui o waho.
• Te maimoatanga tūroro.
• Ngā hapori whakaora mō te wā roa, pērā i ngā hapori noho kore inu waipiro.

Te tango i ngā paitini (te tango i ngā paitini mai i te tinana)

Ko te whakakore paitini ko te whakamutu i te whakamahinga o te tarukino me te tuku kia puta i roto i tō tinana. I runga i te kaha o tō CUD, ka tūtohu pea te tākuta kia whakaitihia mārire tō whakamahinga (kia whakaitihia) hei whakaiti i ngā pānga o te tangohanga. Koinei te taahiraa nui tuatahi i roto i te maimoatanga CUD. Ka taea te tango paitini i roto i te whare hauora, i waho rānei o te whare hauora.

Kei te rangahau ngā kaipūtaiao i ngā rongoā hei 'whakakore i te paitini' o te tarukino.

Ngā rongoā hinengaro me ngā rongoā whanonga

Ka taea e te rongoā hinengaro (whakaora kōrero) te āwhina i te rongoā i te CUD me ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro e pā tahi ana. Ka ako hoki te rongoā i ngā tikanga hauora hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau i te raruraru.

Ka tūtohu pea ngā kaiwhakarato hauora i ngā maimoatanga hinengaro me ngā maimoatanga whanonga anake, i te wā rānei e whakamahi tahi ana me ngā rongoā.

Ko ētahi o ngā maimoatanga angitu mō ngā pakeke me te CUD ko:

• Te Whakaora Hinengaro (CBT): He momo whakaora hinengaro hanganga, he whāinga hoki te CBT. I roto i te CBT, ka āwhina te kaitohutohu hauora hinengaro i a koe ki te tirotiro hohonu i ō whakaaro me ō kare ā-roto. Mā te CBT, ka taea e koe te ako ki te tuku i ngā whakaaro me ngā whanonga kino, me te whakawhanake i ngā tauira whakaaro me ngā tikanga hauora ake. Ka arotahi hoki te CBT mō te CUD ki te whakatenatena i te huringa, te whakaako i ngā maimoatanga, me te aukati i te hokinga mai o te mate.
• Te Whakaora Whanoke Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero (DBT): He tino whai hua te DBT mō te hunga e uaua ana ki te whakahaere me te whakahaere i ō rātou kare ā-roto. Kua whakaatuhia te whai huatanga o te DBT ki te rongoā me te whakahaere i ngā momo mate hauora hinengaro, tae atu ki te CUD.
• Maimoatanga Hapori Whakapūmau (ACT): Ka whakarato a ACT i ngā ratonga hauora hinengaro i roto i te hapori, kaua i roto i te wāhi noho, i te hōhipera rānei. He maimoatanga a ACT kua whakaritea mō ia tangata. Ko tō mahere maimoatanga e hangai ana ki ō kaha, ō hiahia, me ō whāinga ā meake nei.
• Ngā Hapori Hauora (TC): Ko ngā TC he maimoatanga noho roa e āwhina ana i te hunga whai CUD ki te whakawhanake i ngā uara me ngā whanonga hou, hauora ake hoki e pā ana ki te whakamahinga matū me ngā āhuatanga hauora hinengaro e pā ana.
• Te Whakahaere Āhuatanga Tūpono (CM): Ko te CM he whakatenatena i ngā whanonga hauora mā te utu i ngā whanonga pai. He maha ngā wā, ka hoatu he mea utu nui ki te hunga whai CUD hei whakatenatena i a rātou kia kaua e whakamahi i te tarukino. Hei tauira, ki te puta he hua kino i roto i te whakamātautau tarukino, ka whai wāhi koe ki te toa i tētahi taonga, i tētahi tiikiti koha rānei.

Ka whai wāhi nui anō hoki te whai wāhi atu ki ngā rōpū āwhina-whaiaro pēnei i te Marijuana Anonymous ki te maimoatanga CUD.

He aha te momo āpōpō ka taea e te tangata e pāngia ana e te 'Mate Whakamahi Tarukino' te tumanako atu?

Ko te matapae mō te Mate Whakamahinga Tarukino e whakawhirinaki ana ki ētahi āhuatanga:

• Te momo me te kaha o te `CUD`.
• Te taumata o te whakawhirinakitanga ki ngā raau taero me ngā uauatanga e pā ana ki te whakamutu.
• Te whakapau kaha ki te kore rawa e whakamahi i ngā raau taero.
• Te roa o te maimoatanga.
• Ngā āhuatanga ira.
• Me pēhea koe e aro atu ai ina pāngia koe e te ahotea?

He mate mō te wā roa ngā mate whakamahi matū, tae atu ki te Mate Whakamahi Tarukino. Heoi, ka taea e koe te ora me te ora i te oranga katoa. He mea nui te rapu āwhina hei whakaora. He rerekē ngā tikanga e kitea ana e ngā tāngata, engari he maha ngā tāngata e āwhina ana i te rongoā tonu me ngā rōpū āwhina-whaiaro.

He mate hokihoki te CUD. Mēnā kei te ora koe, he nui te tūponotanga ka hokihoki anō koe. Ka pā pea tēnei i ngā tau maha i muri i tō whakamahinga whakamutunga o te tarukino.

Nā te mea ka taea te hoki anō ki te mate, me haere tonu te maimoatanga. Ka arotakehia e tō tākuta tō mahere maimoatanga me koe, ā, ka whakarerekētia kia tutuki ai ō hiahia e huri haere ana.

Me pēhea te karo i tēnei 'Haukino Whakamahi Tarukino'?

Ka piki ake te mōrearea o te whakamahi kino i ngā matū, tae atu ki te whakamahi tarukino, i ngā wā ahotea me ngā huringa o te ao. Mō te pakeke, ka piki ake te mōrearea o te whakamahi kino i ngā matū nā ngā mea pēnei i te whakarere, te ngaronga mahi, te matenga rānei o tētahi e arohaina ana. Mō te tamaiti nohinohi, ka piki ake te mōrearea nā ngā mea pēnei i te neke, te whakarere whānau, te whakawhiti kura rānei.

I ngā wā o te huringa pēnei, he mea nui kia whai wāhi atu ki ngā rautaki hauora hei āwhina i a koe, pērā i te whakakorikori tinana, te whakaaroaro, te ako rānei i tētahi mahi whakangahau hou. Mena kei te raru koe ki te whakahaere i tō ahotea, whakaarohia te toro atu ki tētahi kaitohutohu hauora hinengaro .

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara

He mate hinengaro me te roro uaua te Mate Whakamahi Tarukino. Nā ngā huringa e puta ana i roto i tō roro, he uaua ki te mutu te whakamahi i te tarukino, ahakoa e hiahia ana koe. Mena kei a koe, kei tētahi rānei e arohaina ana e koe te Mate Whakamahi Tarukino, kōrero ki tētahi kaiwhakarato hauora i te wā e taea ai. Ka taea e tētahi tohunga ngaio whakangungu te ārahi i a koe ki te maimoatanga e hiahiatia ana e koe. Kia maumahara, ehara te tono āwhina i te ngoikore, engari he kaha! Kāore koe i te mokemoke, ā, he maha ngā tāngata ka taea te āwhina i a koe i tēnei haerenga.

` Tarukino, Tarukino, Mate Whakamahi Tarukino, Tarukino, Waranga, Hauora Hinengaro, Maimoatanga