Kei te pēhia hoki tō kaki e te io kua werohia? (Cervical Radiculopathy) - Me kōrero tātou mō tēnei!

Ka rongo koe i te mamae koi, i te ngoikore rānei i ētahi wā, e toro atu ana i tō kaki ki raro i tō ringa? Me te mea kua pāngia koe e te hiko. Tērā pea he io kua kopikopiko i tō kaki. Kaua e manukanuka, he mate noa tēnei. I tēnei rā, ka kōrerohia e tātou tēnei mea me ētahi atu taipitopito.

He aha te radiculopathy cervical?

Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou he "io pēhia i te kaki." Hei whakamārama, he āhuatanga tēnei e pēhia ana, e mumura ana tētahi, ētahi rānei o ngā pakiaka io e rere ana i roto i ngā tuaiwi o tō kaki (me kī tātou ko tō tuaiwi kaki ). Ina pēhia ēnei io, ka tīmata koe ki te pāngia e ngā momo raruraru io, pērā i te mamae e ahu mai ana i tō kaki ki raro ki ō ringaringa, te ngoikore o ō ringaringa, te ngaronga paku rānei o te kaha o ō ringaringa.

Ko te kupu "cervical" i ahu mai i te kupu Latina ko te tikanga "kaki." Nō reira, i tēnei take (Cervical Radiculopathy), ko te raruraru kei roto i tō kaki, ehara i te cervix, he ara whaiti pērā i te "kaki." Koia te take i huaina ai pērā.

Kia ako tātou i ētahi kōrero mō te tuaiwi kaki.

He pou ngāwari tō tuaiwi o ngā wheua honohono (e kiia nei ko ngā vertebrae ) e rere ana mai i te tuara o tō mahunga ki tō papa. Ka tiakina e ia tō taurakira . Ko te wāhanga o tēnei tuaiwi i roto i tō kaki e kiia ana ko te tuaiwi kaki. E whitu ōna vertebrae (C1-C7).

Ko ēnei tuaiwi te mea e tiaki ana i tō taurakira mai i te whara. Kei waenganui i ēnei tuaiwi, pērā i te tōnati tiēre, he urunga porowhita me te pokapū ngohengohe rite ki te tiēre me te anga o waho he mārō ake. Ka kiia ēnei he "kōpae". Ko ēnei kōpae te mea e hoatu ana ki ō tuaiwi he urunga pai, ā, e hoatu ana hoki ki a koe te ngāwari ki te huri i tō kaki ki mua, ki muri.

He rite tō taurakira ki te huarahi nui. Ka hono i ngā io puta noa i tō tinana ki tō roro. Ka taea e tō roro te tuku tohu me te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero puta noa i tō tinana. Ko te pakiaka io te wāhanga tuatahi o te io e puta mai ana i tō taurakira. Ko ēnei pakiaka io ngā mea e tuku io ana ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana. Ka hono ngā pakiaka io rerekē i tō tuaiwi ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō tinana. Nō reira, ki te pēhia tētahi pakiaka io, ka pā ki ngā io kē atu e hono ana ki a ia. Koia te take ina pēhia tētahi io i tō kaki (cervical radiculopathy), ka rite te mamae ki te heke iho i tō ringa.

Ko wai te mea tino tūpono ka pāngia e tēnei mate?

Ina hoki, ka taea e te tangata katoa te pāngia e te radiculopathy cervical. Heoi,He ahua noa ake tēnei i waenga i ngā pakeke.

Ko te tikanga, ko tēnei āhuatanga, e puta mai ana i te kōpae herniated, he mea tino noa i roto i te hunga kei raro iho i te 50 tau te pakeke. Waihoki, ko tēnei āhuatanga, e puta mai ana i te pirau o te kōpae, ka tino pā ki te hunga i waenga i te 50 me te 60 tau te pakeke.

Ko te tino take o tēnei mate i roto i te hunga 70 tau te pakeke, neke atu rānei, ko te whaiti o te foraminal nā te mate rumatiki . Ko ngā "foramen" ngā pūaha wheua i waenganui i ngā tuaiwi e puta ai ngā pakiaka io. Ina whaiti ēnei, ka pēhia ngā io.

E hia te auau o tēnei āhuatanga?

He tino noa tēnei āhuatanga (Cervical Radiculopathy). E ai ki ngā tatauranga, e 85 pea i roto i te 100,000 tāngata ka pāngia. Neke atu i te haurua o ēnei kēhi ka pā ki te pakiaka io C7. Waihoki, tata ki te hauwhā o ngā kēhi ka pā ki te pakiaka io C6.

He aha pea ngā tohu o tēnei?

Ko ngā io e hono ana ki tō tuaiwi kaki ka toro atu ki ō pakihiwi, ringa, uma o runga, me te tuara o runga. Nō reira, ko ngā tohu o ngā io i puta mai i te io kua kopikopiko i te kaki (cervical radiculopathy) ka taea te hora atu i te kaki ki tētahi, ki ētahi atu rānei o ēnei wāhanga tinana, i runga i te pūtake io kua kopikopiko.

Ko te radiculopathy o te kaki o te waha ka pā ki te taha kotahi o te tinana. Hei tauira, he onge te pānga o ngā ringa e rua i te wā kotahi, kaua ko tō ringa matau anake.

Ko ngā tohu o ngā raruraru io e toro atu ana mai i te kaki ki raro ko:

• Mamae: Koinei te tohu matua.
• Te ngoikore: Tērā pea ka ngoikore te ringa.
• Te kare o te titi me te ngira: Pērā i te kare e pā ana ki a koe ina moe ō waewae me ō waewae.
• Ngoikoretanga o ngā uaua: Tērā pea ka ngoikore ō ringaringa, ā, ka uaua ki te hiki i ngā mea taumaha.
• Ngā urupare ngoikore: Ka kitea tēnei i te wā e tirotirohia ana e te tākuta.

Ka rerekē te pānga o tēnei āhuatanga (Cervical Radiculopathy) ki ia tangata. Tērā pea kotahi, he maha, he kotahi noa iho rānei o ēnei tohu.

He aha te āhua o tēnei mamae?

Ko te hunga e pāngia ana e te radiculopathy cervical, ka whakaahuahia te mamae he koi, he wera rānei. Ka piki ake pea te mamae ina nekehia tō kaki ki ngā taha rerekē, inā koa ina piko tō kaki ki muri (whakatōtō), ina pēhi rānei tō kaki (pēhi).

Engari ko te mea rerekē, mō ētahi tāngata , ka paku iti te mamae ina whakatakotoria ō rātou ringa ki runga ake i ō rātou māhunga.Ko te āhua nei. Ko te take mō tēnei, ina mahi koe i tēnā, ka paku whakaitihia te pēhanga ki runga i te pakiaka io kua pēhia.

He aha ngā take matua mō tēnei?

Ka puta tēnei āhuatanga (Cervical Radiculopathy), e ai ki te kōrero i mua ake nei, ina pēhia, ka mumura hoki te pakiaka io i roto i tō tuaiwi kaki. E rua ngā take matua o tēnei pēhanga:

• Te pirau me ngā panonitanga o tō tuaiwi i a koe e pakeke haere ana: Koinei te mea e kiia nei e mātou ko te "Cervical Spondylosis." Ki te kī noa, ko te pirau o ngā tuaiwi o te kaki.
• He kōpae hernia, he kōpae pupuhi rānei i te kaki.

Ngā huringa e pā ana ki te koroheketanga (Cervical Spondylosis) me te pēhanga io

I te nuinga o te wā, ko te take o te radiculopathy cervical he mate e kiia nei ko te "Cervical Spondylosis." E pā ana tēnei ki te pakaru me te haehae me ngā huringa e puta ana i roto i tō tātou tuaiwi cervical i a tātou e pakeke haere ana . Ka puta pea ngā tohu pēnei i te mamae me te pakari o te kaki. I ētahi wā ka kiia tēnei ko te rumatiki o te kaki.

I a koe e pakeke haere ana, ka heke te teitei o ngā kōpae i waenganui i ō tuaiwi, ka tīmata te pupuhi. Ka ngaro hoki tō rātou āhua rite ki te tiēre, ā, ka pakeke haere. Ka whakaitihia ngā āputa i waenganui i ngā kōpae, ka heke hoki te teitei o ngā kōpae.

Ina ngaro te teitei o ngā kōpae, ka tata atu ō tuaiwi. Ka whakautu te tinana mā te whakatipu wheua hou ki te taha o te kōpae hei whakapakari. Ka kiia ēnei ko ngā "bone spurs" me ngā "osteophytes" rānei. I te reo Sinhala, he rite rātou ki ngā bone spurs . Ka taea e ēnei bone spurs te whakawhāiti i ngā kōhao iti e kiia nei ko te "foramen" te wāhi e puta mai ai ngā pakiaka io. Ka kiia tēnei ko te "foraminal stenosis." Koinei te wā e pēhia ai te pakiaka io (cervical radiculopathy).

Te Kōpae Herniated me te Kopeketanga Io

Ahakoa nā te koroheketanga, nā te aituā rānei, ka ngoikore te uhi o waho o tētahi o ngā kōpae i waenganui i ō tuaiwi, ā, ka puta he kōpae hernia. Ko te "kōpae hernia" ko te pupuhi o te "tire" i roto i te kōpae mā roto i te āputa.

Ka puta te radiculopathy cervical ina pēhia te rauemi i puta mai i te kōpae i te kaki ki runga i ngā io tuaiwi tata.

He maha ngā take e puta ai te kōpae o te kaki i tēnei ara (he kōpae hernia o te kaki). Ko ēnei:

• Te koroheketanga.
• Te mahi i ngā mahi e hiahia ana kia nekehia te kaki i ngā wā katoa (hei tauira, i ētahi mahi)
• Kāore i te whakakori tinana i ngā wā katoa.
• Tū pakari: Te āhua e pupuri ai koe i tō kaki, inā koa ina mahi ana koe me te rorohiko, ina whakamahi rānei i tō waea.
• Te hapai, te takahuri rānei i te mea he: Ka nui ake te pēhanga ki te kaki.
• Ngā whara o te kaki.

E ai ki te kōrero i mua ake nei, ko tēnei āhuatanga (Cervical Radiculopathy), e puta mai ana i te herniated disc, ka kitea nuitia i roto i te hunga kei raro iho i te 50 tau te pakeke.

Me pēhea te tātaritanga a te tākuta i tēnei?

Ki te kore e memeha te mamae o tō kaki me te ngoikore o tō ringa mā ngā maimoatanga ngāwari o te kāinga (hei tauira, te okioki, te tango i te rongoā mamae), me toro atu koe ki te tākuta.

Ka pātai tuatahi te tākuta ki a koe mō ēnei mea:

• Tō hītori hauora.
• Tō hauora whānui.
• Mō ngā aituā, ngā whara rānei i pā ki a koe i mua.
• He aha ngā tohumate kei a koe i tēnei wā?

Muri iho, ka tirotirohia e te tākuta tō kaki, ō pakihiwi, ō ringaringa, me ō ringaringa. Ka tirohia e rātou te ngoikore o te uaua, ngā panonitanga o ngā urupare, ā, ka pātai atu mō ngā kare ā-roto e pā ana ki a koe (te ngenge, te mamae). Nā te mea ko tēnei āhuatanga (te radiculopathy o te kaki) ka pā ki te taha kotahi o tō tinana (he taha kotahi), ka whakataurite te tākuta i ō kare ā-roto i te taha kotahi o tō tinana ki ō kare ā-roto i tērā taha.

Waihoki, ka tono pea te tākuta kia nekehia tō kaki me ō ringa i ngā huarahi rerekē hei tirotiro mēnā ka puta anō, ka heke rānei ō tohu.

Ina hoki, he uaua pea te tautuhi i tēnei mate (Cervical Radiculopathy). Nā te mea he maha atu ngā mate e pā ana ki ngā io, pērā i te "neuropathy", ka taea te whakararu i tēnei momo mamae me te korekore o te ngākau. Nō reira, ka tono pea tō tākuta kia mahia e koe ētahi whakamātautau whakaahua motuhake hei whakaū mēnā he Cervical Radiculopathy tūturu tēnei.

He aha ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana mō tēnei?

Haunga te whakamātautau tinana, ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta ēnei whakamātautau hei tātaritanga i te radiculopathy cervical, hei whakakore rānei i ētahi atu take o ō tohu:

• Ngā hihi-X o te tuaiwi: Koinei te whakamātautau tino noa mō te mamae o te kaki me te ringa o runga. Mā te tango hihi-X mai i ngā koki rerekē (tirohanga), ka taea te kite i ngā mea pēnei i te whakaiti i te wāhi kōpae me te whaiti o ngā whakatuwheratanga o mua (stenosis).
• MRI (Whakaahua Āhua Aukume): Ka whakamahia he aukume nui, he ngaru reo irirangi, me te rorohiko hei tango pikitia taipitopito o roto o tō tinana. Ko te matawai MRI te tikanga whakaahua pai rawa atu hei tātaritanga i te radiculopathy. Mā tēnei ka taea e tō tākuta teKa kitea mārama ngā āhuatanga rerekē o ngā kiko ngohengohe, pērā i ngā kōpae hernia me ngā io kua pēhia.
• Matawai CT (Tomography Rorohiko): Ka whakamahia e te matawai CT ngā hihi-X me te rorohiko hei tango pikitia o ngā hanganga i roto i te tinana. I te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta he matawai CT hei whakaū i ngā tohu o te radiculopathy cervical i muri i te whara.
• EMG (Electromyography): Ka ine te whakamātautau EMG i te urupare, te ngohe hiko rānei, o te uaua ina whakaohokia e te io. Mā tēnei whakamātautau ka taea te whakatau mēnā kei te tika te mahi a te io.

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō tēnei? (Maimoatanga)

He rongo pai tēnei! Neke atu i te 85% o ēnei āhuatanga (Cervical Radiculopathy) ka memeha i roto i ngā wiki 8 ki te 12, kāore he maimoatanga motuhake. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, i te nuinga o te wā, ka pai ake i a rātou anō.

Heoi, ki te mau tonu ō tohu, he maha ngā huarahi maimoatanga mō tēnei mate (Cervical Radiculopathy). Nā te mea he rerekē te pānga ki te katoa, ka hāngai te mahere maimoatanga ki tō mate.

Anei ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga ka taea:

• Te aukati i te kaki: Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te whakamahi i ngā taputapu hei āwhina i te pupuri i te kaki kia marino.
• Rongoā.
• Te whakaora tinana.
• Werohanga steroid epidural o te waha o te kōpū.
• Pokanga.

Ka tīmata tonu ngā tākuta me ngā maimoatanga kore-pokanga hei rongoā i tēnei mate (Cervical Radiculopathy). Tata ki te 90% o te hunga whai mate nei ka whiwhi hua pai, tino pai rānei mā ngā maimoatanga kore-pokanga.

Ki te kore e angitu ngā maimoatanga kore-pokanga, kātahi ka tūtohu te tākuta kia pokanga koe.

Te aukati i te kaki (Te aukati i te kaki)

Hei whakahaere me te whakaiti i ngā tohu mō te wā poto, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta kia mau koe i tētahi kara ngohengohe o te kaki (he rite ki te whitiki). Ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakaiti i te nui o te nekehanga i roto i tō kaki, ka whakaiti i te pēhanga me te riri ki te pakiaka io. Ko te kara ngohengohe o te kaki he mowhiti whakakīkī e takai ana i tō kaki, ā, ka mau ki te Velcro.

Ko te tikanga, kāore ngā tākuta e tūtohu kia mau i tēnei "kara kaki" mō te neke atu i te kotahi, e rua rānei wiki, nā te mea ka pā te ngoikore o te uaua, arā, te ngaronga o te kaha o te uaua i roto i tō kaki.

Rongoā

I ētahi wā, ka taea e ētahi rongoā te whakaiti i ngā tohu o te Cervical Radiculopathy. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko:

• Ngā rongoā anti-inflammatory kore-steroidal (NSAID): Ka āwhina ngā NSAID, pērā i te aspirin, ibuprofen, me te naproxen, ki te whakaiti i te mamae me te mumura, te pupuhi rānei. Ka whakaora mā te whakaiti i te pupuhi i te pakiaka io e pāngia ana. Ka taea e koe te hoko i ēnei rongoā i runga i te kaute i te whare rongoā, me te kore he whakahaunga.
• Ngā rongoā corticosteroid ā-waha: Mēnā ka tangohia mō te wā poto, ka taea e ngā corticosteroid ā-waha te whakaiti i te pupuhi me te mumura huri noa i te io kua kopikopiko, me te whakamamae i te mamae. Me whiwhi koe i tētahi whakahaunga mai i te tākuta hei tiki i ēnei rongoā.

Te Whakaora Tinana

He tino āwhina te whakaora tinana me ngā mahi whakakori tinana motuhake hei whakapakari me te totoro i ngā uaua o tō kaki ki te rongoā i tēnei mate (Cervical Radiculopathy). Engari kia maumahara, ko te tikanga whakaora tinana ka whiwhi koe ka motuhake ki a koe. Ka whakawhirinaki ki ētahi āhuatanga, pērā i te wāhi o tō kaki e pāngia ana, tō hauora tinana whānui, me ō pūkenga.

I te nuinga o te wā, ka ārahihia koe e tētahi kaupapa whakaora tinana mō tēnei mate (Cervical Radiculopathy) i roto i ngā wāhanga rerekē i te mea ka heke tō mamae. Ka tīmata koe me ngā mahi whakakori tinana ngāwari. Kātahi, i te mea ka memeha haere ngā tohu ohorere, ka tāpirihia ngā mahi whakakori tinana me te whakapakari tinana.

Kei roto pea i tō whakaora tinana te ako me pēhea te pupuri i te tū tika me ngā huarahi hei mahi i tō mahi me te haumaru me te whakamarie.

Ngā Werohanga Steroid Epidural o te Kēpi

Ko te "Werohanga Steroid Epidural Cervical" (Cervical ESI) he werohanga o tētahi rongoā ārai-mumura – he steroid, he corticosteroid rānei – ki roto i te "wāhi epidural" huri noa i ngā io tuaiwi i tō kaki. Ko te kaupapa matua o tēnei werohanga he āwhina i te whakahaere i te mamae i puta mai i te riri me te pupuhi o ngā pakiaka io tuaiwi i tō kaki.

Kāore ēnei werohanga (Cervical ESI) e whakaiti i te pēhanga ki runga i te io, ahakoa he kuiti te pūaha, he puku pupuhi, he hernia rānei i puta mai. Heoi, ka taea e rātou te whakaiti i te pupuhi me te whakamamae i te mamae i te wā e ora ai te io e pāngia ana.

I waenganui i te 40% me te 84% o te hunga e whiwhi ana i tēnei kano ārai mate (Cervical ESI) ka pāngia e te mamae i ētahi taumata.Engari, kāore pea ētahi tāngata e whiwhi i te whakamamae mamae.

He mea nui: Ka pā mai pea ngā pānga kino me ngā raruraru kino ki tēnei kano ārai mate (Cervical ESI). Nō reira, he mea nui kia matapakihia ngā painga me ngā huakore o te whiwhi i tēnei kano ārai mate me tō tākuta.

Pokanga

Mena kua whakamātau koe i te rongoā kore-pokanga mō ngā wiki 6 ki te 12, engari kei te mamae tonu koe, ā, ki te kaha haere ngā raruraru pūnaha io i puta mai i te Cervical Radiculopathy, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta kia pokanga koe.

He maha ngā momo pokanga hei rongoā i tēnei mate (Cervical Radiculopathy). Ko te momo pokanga e taunakitia ana e tō tākuta ka whakawhirinaki ki ngā āhuatanga maha, tae atu ki ō tohumate, tō hauora whānui, me te wāhi o te pakiaka io e pāngia ana.

Ka taea te whakaora katoa i tēnei? (Ka taea te whakaora?)

Ahakoa ka taea e ngā maimoatanga kore-pokanga te whakahaere angitu i ngā tohu o te Cervical Radiculopathy, kāore he rongoā tuturu mō ngā huringa pirau e puta ana i te koroheketanga o tō tuaiwi kaki e hua ai. Ko te tikanga tēnei kāore e taea te whakakore katoa i te take matua, engari ka taea te whakahaere i ngā tohu, ā, ka taea e koe te noho i te oranga noa.

Me pēhea e ngana ai koe ki te karo i tēnei āhuatanga? (Ārai)

Ahakoa kāore e taea te ārai i tēnei āhuatanga (Cervical Radiculopathy) i ngā wā katoa, he maha ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakaiti i tō tupono ki te pāngia e tēnei mate. Ko ēnei:

• Te pupuri i te taumaha hauora.
• Te oranga tinana.
• Whakaharatauhia te tū tika: Kia tūpato ki te āhua o tō pupuri i tō kaki, inā koa i a koe e noho ana, e mahi ana rānei.
• Me mahi ngā mahi totoro tinana hei pupuri i te kaha me te ngāwari o ō uaua.

Anei ētahi āhuatanga mōrearea motuhake ka whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga o tēnei mate (Cervical Radiculopathy):

• Ngā mahi ā-ringa e hiki ana i ngā taumaha me/te whakahaere rānei i ngā taputapu wiri.
• He hītori o te kai paipa mau tonu.
• He radiculopathy lumbar o mua.
• Te tākaro korowha. (Tērā pea he ohorere tēnei ki ētahi, engari e kiia ana hoki te korowha he take mōrearea nā te mea ka pēhi i te kaki.)

Mena ka pā tētahi o ēnei āhuatanga mōrearea ki a koe, he mea tino nui kia kōrero koe ki tō tākuta mō ngā mea motuhake ka taea e koe te mahi hei tiaki i a koe mai i tēnei mate (Cervical Radiculopathy).

He aha ngā mea ka tupu ā muri ake nei? (Matapae/Tirohanga)

Ko te matapae mō tēnei mate (Cervical Radiculopathy), arā, ko tōna āhua i ngā rā kei te heke mai, e whakawhirinaki ana ki ētahi āhuatanga. Ko ēnei:

• Ko tēhea io tuaiwi e pāngia ana?
• He aha te take o tēnei āhuatanga (Cervical Radiculopathy).
• Te kaha o ō tohumate.
• Tō hauora whānui.

I te nuinga o te wā, he pai ake te āhua o te hunga e whiwhi ana i te maimoatanga kore-pokanga, ā, ka memeha haere ngā tohu. Inaa, he maha ngā tāngata e pāngia ana e te radiculopathy cervical ka taea te ora ake i te kāinga me te wā me te okiokinga.

Heoi, i muri i te whakaoranga tuatahi, tata ki te hautoru o te tangata ka pāngia e te hokinga mai o ngā tohu o te radiculopathy cervical. Mena ka hoki mai ō tohu, me kōrero koe ki tō tākuta.

Āhea tātou me tino kite i te tākuta?

Mena kei a koe ngā tohu o tēnei (Cervical Radiculopathy), arā, he mamae e horapa ana mai i te kaki ki raro i te ringa, ā, kāore e memeha i muri i te wiki okiokinga, me toro atu koe ki te tākuta.

Mena he nui ake ngā tohu kino kei a koe, hei tauira, ki te mea kei te ngoikore ngā uaua o tō ringa, kei te ngoikore rānei ngā urupare o tō ringa, me toro atu ki te tākuta i te wā e taea ai.

Waihoki, ki te mamae tō kaki i muri i tētahi aituā, pērā i te hinganga, me toro atu koe ki te tākuta tonu, me haere rānei ki te hōhipera tata.

Hei whakamutunga, ko ngā mea tino nui hei maumahara māu (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

Ka tino whakararuraru, ka whakarihariha hoki tēnei āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te "Cervical Radiculopathy / Pinched Nerve". Engari ko te mea pai rawa atu, i te nuinga o te wā, ka pai ake tēnei āhuatanga mā te okioki ki te kāinga, ā, i roto i te wā.

Mena ka roa ake ō tohumate i te wiki, me kōrero ki te tākuta. He maha ngā maimoatanga kore-pokanga e wātea ana hei rongoā i tēnei mate (Cervical Radiculopathy).

Pātai atu ki tō tākuta mō ngā huarahi hei karo i ēnei āhuatanga i ngā wā katoa e taea ana, hei pupuri hoki i te hauora o tō tuaiwi. Kia maumahara, he mea nui tō kaki ki a koe! Nō reira, tiakina.

Kaua e manukanuka, ka taea te whakahaere pai i tēnei āhuatanga mā te māramatanga me te maimoatanga tika.

` Te Radiculopathy o te Cervical, Te Io Kua Kopiritia, Te Mamae o te Kaki, Te Ngoikore o te Ringa, Te Spondylosis o te Cervical, Te Kōpae Herniated