Kei te ngenge tonu koe? He waha maroke tōu? Me mimi pinepine rānei koe? He tohu noa ēnei o te mate huka. I tēnei rā, ka kōrero tātou mō tēnei mate e kiia nei ko te Mate Huka Mellitus, e wehingia ana e te tini tāngata, me pēhea te tautuhi i tōna mate, me pēhea hoki te rongoā i roto i tētahi huarahi māmā e mārama ai koe.
Me pēhea taku mōhio mēnā he mate huka tōku?
Mena he take mōrearea tōu mō te mate huka, ki te kitea rānei he nui te huka i roto i tō mimi, tera pea ka whakapae tō tākuta he mate huka tōu. He māmā noa iho, ki te heke te homoni insulin e hangaia ana e te repeure i roto i tō tātou tinana (mate huka momo 1) ki te kore rānei te tinana e aro tika ki te insulin (mate huka momo 2), ka piki ake te taumata huka i roto i te toto, arā, te huka toto.
He maha ngā whakamātautau matua hei whakaū i te mate. I te nuinga o te wā, ki te kitea e te tākuta he teitei tētahi uara whakamātautau, ka tohutohu ia kia tuaruatia te whakamātautau hei whakaū.
| Ingoa o te whakamātautau | Me pēhea te mahi | Te taumata whakapae mō te mate huka |
|---|---|---|
| Te Huka Toto Nohopuku (FBS) | Te tirotiro i ngā taumata huka toto i te ata i mua i te kai i tetahi mea. | Mena he 126 mg/dL, neke atu rānei. |
| Whakamātautau Manawanui Huka Waha (OGTT) | Inumia he inu kei roto te huka, ka tirohia tō huka toto i ia 30-60 meneti, tae atu ki te 3 hāora. | Mena 200 mg/dL, neke atu rānei i muri i ngā hāora e 2. |
| Whakamātautau HbA1c (Whakamātautau A1c) | He whakamātautau toto māmā e whakaatu ana i te taumata huka toto toharite mō ngā marama 2-3 kua hipa. | Mena he 6.5% neke atu rānei. |
Hei tāpiritanga, i ētahi wā ka whakahau pea tō tākuta i tētahi whakamātautau e kīia nei ko te Zinc Transporter 8 Autoantibody (ZnT8Ab). Mā tēnei whakamātautau toto ka āwhina i te whakatau mēnā he mate huka momo 1 tō te tangata, he momo kē atu rānei. Mā te tātaritanga wawe me te tika o te mate, ka taea te tīmata wawe i te maimoatanga tika.
He aha ngā maimoatanga mō te mate huka?
Ehara te mate huka i te mate e taea te rongoā e koe anake. He mate kino rawa atu. Nō reira, he mea nui kia whakawhanakehia he mahere maimoatanga i raro i te tirotiro a te tākuta.
Mā tō tākuta e waihanga he mahere maimoatanga e tika ana māu, ā, ka taea e koe te mārama. Tērā pea ka hiahia koe ki te āwhina a ētahi atu tohunga hauora i a koe e haere ana. Hei tauira, tērā pea ka hiahia koe ki te āwhina a te tākuta waewae, te tākuta kai, te tākuta kanohi, me te tākuta endocrinologist.
Ko te kaupapa matua o te maimoatanga mate huka he whakakotahitanga o te rongoā, te whakakori tinana, me te kai hei pupuri i ō taumata huka toto i roto i te awhe whainga kua tohua e tō tākuta. Mā te aro ki tāu e kai ana me te wā e kai ana koe, ka taea e koe te whakaiti i te pikinga ohorere o ō taumata huka toto (te pānga piupiu). Ka taea e tēnei te āwhina ki te whakaiti i te hiahia ki te whakarerekē i tō rongoā, inā koa te horopeta o tō insulin, i ngā wā katoa e tika ana.
Ngā Rongoā Mate Huka
Te Maimoatanga mō te Mate Huka Momo 1
Mena he mate huka momo 1 tōu, kāore tō repe taiaki e whakaputa i te insulin e hiahiatia ana e koe hei whakaputa pūngao. Nō reira, me tiki e koe te insulin mai i waho, mā roto i ngā werohanga, i te papu insulin rānei. Ahakoa he ahua whakamataku te werohanga i a koe anō i te tīmatanga, ehara i te mea uaua pērā i tō whakaaro.
Ka whakamahia e ētahi tāngata he taputapu rorohiko e kiia nei ko te papu insulin, e tuku ana i te insulin ki roto i te tinana i te wā tika me te nui tika.
He maha ngā momo insulin e whakamahia ana i tēnei wā.
| Momo Inirini | Whakaahuatanga |
|---|---|
| Tere te mahi | Ka pā te hua i roto i ētahi meneti, ā, ka roa mō te 2-4 hāora. |
| Wā Poto (Pūmau, Poto rānei te mahi) | Ka pā te hua i roto i te 30 meneti, ā, ka roa mō te 3-6 hāora. |
| Mahi-waenga | Ka pā mai te pānga i roto i te 1-2 hāora, ā, ka roa mō te 18 hāora. |
| Mahi roa | Ka pā te hua i roto i te 1-2 hāora, ā, ka roa mō ngā hāora neke atu i te 24. |
| He tino roa te mahi | Ka pā te hua i roto i te 1-2 hāora, ā, ka roa mō te 42 hāora. |
Te Maimoatanga mō te Mate Huka Momo 2
Ka taea e ētahi tāngata mate huka momo 2 te whakahaere i tō rātou mate mā te kai me te whakakori tinana anake. Ko ētahi me whai pire, me werohanga insulin rānei. He rerekē te mahi a ēnei rongoā hei whakahoki i ngā taumata huka toto ki te noho noa.
- Ngā rongoā e whakanui ake ana i te hanga insulin e te repe taiaki: Hei tauira: glimepiride, glipizide, glyburide.
- Ngā rongoā hei whakaiti i te mimiti o te huka mai i te kai: Hei tauira: acarbose (Precose).
- Ngā rongoā hei whakapai ake i te whakamahinga a te tinana i te insulin: Tauira: pioglitazone (Actos).
- Ngā rongoā hei whakaiti i te hanga huka e te ate, hei whakaiti hoki i te ātete ki te insulin: Hei tauira: metformin (Glucophage). Ka āwhina hoki te Metformin ki te whakahaere i te huka nā te mea ka āwhina i te whakaheke taumaha.
- Ngā rongoā e aukati ana i te mimiti anō o te huka e ngā whatukuhu, ā, e whakanui ana i tōna putanga ki roto i te mimi (ngā aukati SGLT2): Hei tauira: canagliflozin (Invokana), dapagliflozin (Farxiga). He painga anō hoki ēnei pērā i te whakaheke taumaha me te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te mate ngakau.
Ko te mea nui ko te tango i te rongoā e tohua ana e tō tākuta, i te horopeta tika, i te wā tika . Kaua rawa e whakamahi i te rongoā a tētahi atu, kaua hoki e mutu te tango me te kore kōrero ki te tākuta.
He aha te kai e tika ana mō te mate huka?
He mea nui te kai taurite mō te tangata mate huka. Nō reira, kōrero ki tō tākuta, ki tētahi tohunga kai rānei, kia pai ai te whakarite i tētahi mahere kai e tika ana māu.
- Ngā kai me te wā: Mena he mate huka momo 1 tōu, ko te nui o te insulin ka tangohia e koe ka whakawhirinaki ki tō mahi me tō kai. Nō reira, he rite tonu te hiranga o tāu e kai ana, te nui o tāu e kai ana, me te wā e kai ai koe. I te nuinga o te wā ka tūtohuhia kia toru ngā kai matua me te toru, te whā rānei o ngā kai mātotoru.
- Te ture mō te pereti: Whakamātauria te whakakī i te haurua o tō pereti ki ngā huawhenua iti te māngaro (hei tauira, te pūrokoro, te kāreti, te kūkamo, te kāpeti, te tōmato, te pīni).
- Kia tūpato ki ngā warowaihā: He mea nui te mōhio ki te nui o ngā warowaihā e hiahiatia ana e koe me te nui e kainga ana e koe hei whakahaere i te huka toto. Kōwhiria he witi katoa (hei tauira, te raihi parauri, te raihi parauri, te ōti, te parei).
- Ngako me te pūmua: Whakaitihia te ngako kukū. Whakakorea rawatia ngā ngako whakawhiti. Kōwhiria he mīti kikokore, he ika, he nati, me ngā hua miraka iti te ngako.
Te hiranga o te whakakori tinana
Ko te whakakori tinana tētahi atu pou nui o te rongoā mate huka. Engari me kōrero koe ki tō tākuta i mua i te tīmatanga o tētahi kaupapa whakakori tinana . Ka whakapai ake te whakakori tinana i te whakamahinga o te insulin e tō tinana, ā, ka taea hoki te whakaheke i ngā taumata huka toto.
- Kia tūpato ki te hypoglycemia: Tirohia tō taumata huka toto i te hawhe haora i mua i te whakakori tinana, ā, kai i tētahi kai iti kei roto ngā warowaihā mēnā e tika ana. Mēnā ka pāngia koe e ngā tohu o te huka toto iti (te whanoke, te werawera, te wiri) i a koe e whakakori tinana ana, kati te whakakori tinana, ā, kai tonu i tētahi mea reka (hei tauira, he pūnetēpu huka, he hukahuka iti).
- Kia pēhea te nui o te whakakori tinana me mahi e koe?: E taunakihia ana kia 150 meneti pea te iti rawa o te whakakori tinana ā-hauora, pērā i te hikoi tere, ia wiki. Tīmata mā te iti, kātahi ka whakanui haere i te wā.
He mea nui ēnei huringa āhua noho.
Kaua e kai hikareti.
Whakamutua tēnei whanonga i tēnei rā. Ki te kaipaipa koe, ka tino uaua ake te whakahaere i ō taumata huka toto. Ā, ka nui ake tō tupono ki te pāngia e ngā raruraru mai i te mate huka (te mate ngākau, te mate tākihi, te kino o ngā io, te matapo).
Whakawhāitihia te waipiro.
Ki te tango koe i te insulin, i ētahi pire mate huka rānei, ka taea e te inu waipiro te whakaheke i te taumata huka toto ki raro rawa. Nā te mea i te wā e inu waipiro ana koe, kei te mahi tō ate ki te tango i te waipiro, kaua ki te whakahaere i tō huka toto.
Whakaitihia te ahotea.
Ka taea e te ahotea te whakapiki i te taumata huka toto, no reira kimihia he huarahi hei whakangā. He āwhina ngā mahi pēnei i te whakaaroaro, te yoga, me te noho tahi me ngā hoa.
Kia tiakina ō niho me ō kapia.
Ka taea e te mate huka te whakanui ake i te mōrearea o te mate kapia, no reira paraihia ō niho me te miro i ia rā.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ahakoa he mate kino te mate huka, ki te tika te whakahaere, ka taea te noho i te oranga noa.
- Kia tika te whai i te mahere maimoatanga a tō tākuta. Kaua rawa e whakarerekē, e whakamutu rānei i tō rongoā.
- Ko ngā pou e toru, arā , te kai, te korikori tinana, me te rongoā, koinei ngā tūāpapa o te whakahaere mate huka.
- He mea tino nui kia tirohia tonutia ō taumata huka toto.
- Āta karohia ngā tikanga kino pēnei i te momi hikareti me te inu nui i te waipiro.
- Me kōrero ki tō tākuta i mua i te whakamahi i tētahi atu maimoatanga, tāpiringa rānei.
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