E mōhio ana tātou katoa he whānau tonu ētahi mate hauora. Kātahi anō ka kitea ētahi atu mate e tino uaua ana ki te whakahaere, ahakoa ngā rongoā pai rawa atu, ngā pokanga rānei. Whakaarohia mēnā he huarahi hei whakatika i te pūtake o te raruraru mā te whakarerekē i ngā ira o roto i tō tinana. Koinei te kupu whakaari mō te rongoā ira. Ahakoa he mara hou tonu, e kiia ana ko tētahi o ngā putanga hou tino whakahihiri i roto i te rongoā hou.
He aha rawa te Whakaora Ira?
I te whakarapopototanga, ko te whakaora ira he huarahi hauora e whakamahi ana i ngā rauemi ira hei ārai, hei rongoā rānei i ngā mate. I ngā wā o mua, ka whakawhirinaki tātou ki ngā rongoā, ki ngā pire, ki ngā tirikara , ki ngā werohanga, ki ngā pokanga rānei. I roto i te whakaora ira, ka taea e ngā tākuta te whai pānga ki tō hanganga ira hei whakatika i te pūtake o te mate.
Whakaarohia tō tinana he whare uaua. Ko ngā mahere i whakamahia hei hanga ko ō ira . I ētahi wā, he hapa iti, he hapa rānei kei roto i te mahere taketake, ka arahi pea ki ētahi āhuatanga hauora. Ko te whāinga o te rongoā ira ko te whakatika i taua mahere hapa mā te:
- Te whakaiti i ngā pūmua e puta ai te mate: Ina kore e mahi tika ētahi ira, ka puta pea he pūmua kino. Ka taea e tēnei tikanga te whakakore, te whakaiti rānei i taua whakaputanga.
- Te whakanui ake i ngā pūmua whai hua: I ētahi wā ka kore e taea e tō tinana te whakaputa i te nui o te pūmua e tika ana. Ka taea e te rongoā ira te whakarato i ngā tohutohu hei whakahoki mai i ngā taumata pūmua hauora.
- Te waihanga i ngā pūmua hou, kua whakarerekētia rānei: Ka taea e tēnei huarahi te whakarite i tō tinana kia whakaputa i ngā pūmua hou ka taea te whawhai ki ngā mate motuhake.
He pēhea tana mahi i roto i tō tinana?
Hei mārama ki tēnei, me tīmata tātou ki ngā kaupapa matua. Kei ia pūtau o tō tinana he pūtake kei roto ngā ira-kōromōhio , he mea hanga ki te DNA . Kei roto i tō DNA ngā mōhiohio katoa e whakatau ana i ō āhuatanga, pērā i te tae o tō makawe, te tae o ō kanohi, me tō teitei.
Ko ngā wāhanga motuhake o tēnei DNA e kiia ana he ira . Whakaarohia tō DNA he pukapuka tunu kai nui, he kotahi noa te tunu kai a te ira. Ka whakaratohia e ēnei ira ngā tohutohu mō te hanga pūmua, he mea nui mō ngā mahi a tō tinana—he rite tonu ki te tohutohu a te tunu kai mō te tunu keke.
I roto i te wā, nā te koroheketanga, te pānga ki ngā paitini taiao, te tuku iho rānei i ō mātua, ka puta pea ngā rerekētanga ira, ngā whakarerekētanga rānei. He rite ki te hapa tuhituhi i roto i taua tunu kai; ka puta he hē te hua whakamutunga (te keke/pūmua). Ko taua "hē" te pūtake o te maha o ngā mate.
Kāore te rongoā ira e rongoā noa i ngā tohumate; engari e whai ana kia whakatikahia te hapa ira i tino puta ai te mate.
He aha ngā āhuatanga e whakamahia ana te Whakaora Ira i ēnei rā?
Kei te wāhanga rangahau tonu te nuinga o ngā huarahi whakaora ira, e mōhiotia ana ko ngā whakamātautau haumanu. Kei te whakamātautau kaha ngā kaipūtaiao i ēnei huarahi kia mōhio ai he haumaru, he whai hua hoki. Ko ngā kaupapa matua o te rangahau i tēnei wā ko:
- Matepukupuku
- Ngā mate o te retina me ētahi atu āhuatanga tirohanga
- Ētahi mate ira tuku iho
- HIV /AIDS
Heoi anō, kua maha ngā rongoā ira kua whakaaetia e te FDA, arā, ehara i te mea he ariā ā-mua noa iho. Hei tauira:
- Luxturna®: He maimoatanga kotahi te wā mō te hunga whai mate kanohi tuku iho e arahi ana ki te ngaronga o te tirohanga .
- Zolgensma®: Kua whakaaetia hei rongoā i te Spinal Muscular Atrophy, he mate kino e pā ana ki ngā tamariki kei raro iho i te rua tau te pakeke.
He aha ngā momo rerekē o tēnei maimoatanga?
E toru ngā tikanga matua o te rongoā ira. Me tūhura tātou i ēnei:
| Tikanga | Te āhua o tana mahi |
|---|---|
| Tāpiri Ira | Ka whakaurua he tārua hauora o te ira ki roto i ngā pūtau i te wāhi kua pakaru, kua ngaro rānei te ira taketake. Whakaarohia he rite ki te kawe mai i tētahi mīhini hou, e mahi ana hei whakakapi i tētahi mīhini pakaru. |
| Te Whakamutunga Ira | Ka aukati tēnei tikanga i te mahi a te ira e puta ai te mate. He rite ki te whakamutu i te kōrero a te tangata e tuku tohutohu hē ana. |
| Whakatika Ira | Ko te tikanga tino matatau, arā, ka 'tapahia', ka whakatikahia rānei ētahi wāhanga motuhake o te DNA. He rite ki te muku i tētahi hapa tā i roto i tētahi tuhinga, ā, ka tuhia te kupu tika. Ka whakamahia ngā hangarau pēnei i te CRISPR/Cas9 ki konei. |
Me pēhea te urunga o ēnei ira ki roto i te tinana?
Kāore e taea e ngā ira hauora te tomo noa ki roto i ō pūtau. Me whai waka tuku e kiia nei ko te weketere . Whakaarohia te ira hei mōkihi, ā, ko te weketere hei ratonga kaikawe e tuku ana i te mōkihi ki te wāhitau tika (tō waea pūkoro).
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā kaipūtaiao ngā huaketo hei kawe. Tērā pea ka whakaaro koe, "Kāore ianei ahau e mate i te huaketo?" I tēnei tukanga, ka tangohia e ngā kaipūtaiao ngā wāhanga kino katoa o te huaketo, ka waiho ko tōna kaha tūturu anake ki te tomo ki ngā pūtau. Kātahi ka utaina e rātou te ira hauora ki roto, ka whakaurua ki roto i te tinana.
E rua ngā tikanga tuku matua:
1. In vivo: Ka werohia tika te ira kei roto te ira ki roto i tō tinana.
2. Ex vivo: Ka tangohia ētahi o ō pūtau (hei tauira, ngā pūtau toto), ka whakaurua ngā ira ki aua pūtau i roto i te taiwhanga, kātahi ka whakahokia ngā pūtau kua whakarerekētia ki roto i tō tinana.
He aha ngā painga me ngā mōrearea?
Pērā i ngā tikanga hauora katoa, he painga me ngā mōrearea pea hei whakaaroaro māu.
| Ngā Painga | Ngā Tūponotanga |
|---|---|
| Te Tumanako Hou: E whakarato ana i ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga pea mō ngā āhuatanga i whakaarohia i mua kāore e taea te rongoā. | Kāore he Whakamana: I te mea he mara hou tēnei, kāore e taea te whakamana i te angitū, ā, tera pea ka puta ngā pānga taha kāore i te tumanakohia. |
| Te Maimoatanga Pūtake: Ka aro ki te pūtake ira, kaua ki te huna noa i ngā tohumate. | Tukanga Uaua: Mā te whakauru i ngā rauemi ira tauhou ka puta he urupare kore e hiahiatia e te pūnaha ārai mate. |
| Te Wawaotanga Wawe: Mā te rongoā wawe i ngā āhuatanga ka ārai i ngā kino kino ki te tinana. | Ngā Pānga mō te Wā Roa: Nā te mea he mea hou tēnei mara, kei te rangahauhia tonutia ngā pānga mō te wā roa mō ngā tau maha. |
Me kōrero ahau ki taku tākuta mō tēnei?
Mena kei a koe, kei tētahi mema rānei o te whānau tētahi mate tuku iho, he mate pukupuku, he āhuatanga hauora uaua rānei ki te whakahaere, he mea tino taunaki kia kōrerohia e koe tēnei ki tō tākuta .
Ahakoa kāore anō te rongoā ira hei rongoā haumanu paerewa, he mea nui te noho mōhio ki ngā whanaketanga hauora o te ao. Tērā pea ka noho ēnei hei rongoā matua ā muri ake nei.
Ko te mea nui kia kaua e whakatau whaiaro i ngā whakatau hauora i runga i ngā rapunga ipurangi. Me rapu tonu i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta. Ka taea e rātou te whakamārama ko ēhea ngā maimoatanga haumaru, tino tika, ā, e wātea ana mō tō āhua motuhake.
Ka roa pea te wā kia tino pakari ai tēnei hangarau, engari e mārama ana kei te mahi tonu te pūtaiao hauora ki te kimi i ngā otinga mō ngā mate tino kino. He puna nui tēnei o te tumanako mō tātou katoa.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He huarahi auaha te whakaora ira hei rongoā i ngā mate mā te whakarerekē i ngā ira o te tinana.
- Ko tōna whāinga he rongoā i te pūtake o te mate, kaua ki te whakahaere noa i ngā tohumate.
- He nui te kaha o tēnei rongoā mō ngā mate kino pēnei i te mate pukupuku me ngā mate ira.
- Kei roto tonu i te wāhanga rangahau te nuinga o tēnei, ā, kei roto anō hoki ngā painga me ngā mōrearea.
- Mena kei te hiahia koe ki ngā maimoatanga hou, he mea nui kia kōrero koe ki tō tākuta mō ngā tohutohu whaiaro.
Te rongoā ira, te DNA, ngā ira, ngā mate tuku iho, te rongoā matepukupuku, ngā mea hou o te rongoā
