He aha te Multiple Myeloma? Me kōrero tātou mō tēnei mate kino!

Kua rongo kē koe i tētahi mate e kiia nei ko te Multiple Myeloma? Tērā pea he ahua rerekē te ingoa ki a koe, kāore rānei koe i rongo i tētahi mea. He mate pukupuku onge engari he kino e pā ana ki ō tātou toto. He mea nui kia mōhio koe ki tēnei mate, nā te mea mā te kitenga wawe ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakahaere i ō tohumate me te ora i tō oranga pai rawa atu.

He aha te Myeloma Maha?

Āe, me titiro tātou he aha tēnei myeloma maha. He kupu ngāwari, he mate pukupuku e whanake ana i roto i tētahi momo pūtau e kiia nei ko ngā pūtau plasma i roto i ō tātou toto.

Tērā pea kei te whakaaro koe, "He aha ēnei pūtau toto?" He momo toto mā ēnei i roto i tō tātou tinana. Hei whakamārama atu, he wāhanga tino nui rātou o tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate , te pūnaha e tiaki ana i a tātou mai i te mate. I ētahi wā ka kiia hoki ēnei he pūtau-B . Ko ēnei pūtau toto te mea e hanga ana i ngā paturopi , i ngā immunoglobulin rānei. Ko ēnei paturopi te mea e whawhai ana ki ngā iroriki, ngā huakita, me ngā huaketo e uru mai ana ki roto i ō tātou tinana, e tiaki ana hoki i a tātou mai i te mate. He rite rātou ki ngā kaitiaki iti i roto i ō tātou tinana.

Nō reira, ina puta te myeloma maha, ka huri ēnei pūtau plasma hauora, pai mō tētahi take, ka noho hei pūtau matepukupuku rerekē . Kātahi ka tīmata te wehewehe me te whakanui tere o ēnei pūtau rerekē, me te kore e taea te whakahaere. Ko ngā pūtau plasma rerekē e whanake ana i tēnei ara ka whakaputa hoki i ngā paturopi rerekē, koretake. Ka kiia ēnei he pūmua M.

Ka whakanuia ēnei pūtau rerekē, ka whakaputa i ngā pūmua M, ka raru pea ēnei. Ka kino pea ō wheua, ka pā ki te mahi a tō whatukuhu. Ka whakararuraru hoki i te kaha o te hinu wheua ki te whakaputa i ngā toto toto ma, ngā toto toto whero, me ngā pereti toto, e āwhina ana i te toto kia totoka.

He mate kore e taea te rongoā tēnei?

Ina hoki, kāore anō kia kitea he rongoā mō te Multiple Myeloma i tēnei wā. Koinei te pono pouri. Kaua e manukanuka , ka taea e ngā tākuta te rongoā i ngā pānga taha me ngā tohu o tēnei mate. Ka taea hoki e rātou te whakaroa i te horapa o te mate.

He maha ngā tāngata ka ora ake i muri i te maimoatanga, kāore he tohu. Ka kiia tēnei he wā whakaora . Arā, i muri i te maimoatanga, ka taea e koe te noho noa me te kore he tohu o te myeloma maha. Mō ētahi tāngata, ka roa te wā whakaora.

He pēhea te noa o te Myeloma Maha?

He mate tino onge tēnei.E whakaatu ana ngā tatauranga e 7 i roto i te 100,000 tāngata e pāngia ana e tēnei mate i ia tau. I tētahi whenua pērā i Amerika, e kiia ana e 100,000 tāngata e pāngia ana e tēnei mate. Ahakoa kāore he raraunga tika mō te tokomaha o ngā tāngata e pāngia ana i tō tātou whenua, e kiia ana tēnei he mate tino onge.

Ko wai te mea tino tūpono ka pāngia e tēnei mate?

He nui ake te kitea o te myeloma maha i roto i ngā tāne i ngā wāhine . Kua kitea hoki he nui ake te pānga ki ētahi iwi i ētahi atu. Hei tauira, e rua ngā wā ka pāngia te hunga mangu e te mate i te hunga mā.

Mō te pakeketanga, ko te nuinga o te wā ka kitea tēnei mate i waenga i te 40 me te 70 tau te pakeke. Ko te tau toharite i te wā e kitea ai te mate kei waenga i te 65 me te 74 tau. Ko te tikanga ka puta mai i te wā e pakeke haere ana.

He pēhea te pānga o te Multiple Myeloma ki te tinana?

Kāore pea ētahi tāngata e kite i ngā tohu i te tīmatanga, engari mā ngā whakamātautau toto ka kitea pea he tohu e pāngia ai rātou e te mate myeloma maha ā muri ake nei.

Hei tauira, mā te tango i te hinu wheua, mā te tango i te pūtau toto rānei, ka kitea pea he pūtau toto rerekē me ngā whakarerekētanga ira. Tērā pea he mate pukupuku tōu e kiia nei ko te smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) , he tūāpapa tēnei mō te myeloma maha. Ka taea hoki e ngā whakamātautau toto me te mimi te kite i ngā pūmua M e hangaia ana e ngā pūtau toto rerekē. Ka kiia tēnei mate ko te monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) . Ka tirotirohia koe e ngā tākuta mō ēnei.

Ka puta haere ngā tohu o te myeloma maha i roto i te wā. Tērā pea ka rite ki ngā tohu o ētahi atu mate. Anei ngā āhuatanga matua ka puta mai i tēnei mate me ōna take:

• Anemia: He ngoikore o ō toto whero. Ka puta tēnei nā te mea ka whakakīia te hinu wheua e ngā pūtau plasma rerekē, ka ārai i te whakaputa toto whero hauora.
• Ngā mate kitakita, inā koa te niumōnia: Haunga ngā toto whero, ka piki ake te maha o ngā pūtau plasma rerekē, ka ārai i ngā toto mā hauora e whawhai ana ki te mate. Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te whanaketanga o ngā mate.
• Thrombocytopenia: He iti te maha o ngā pereti toto i roto i ō toto. Ko ngā pereti toto he pūtau e āwhina ana i te toto kia totoka. Ka taea hoki e ngā pūtau plasma rerekē te whakararuraru i te hanga o ēnei pereti toto.
• Mamae wheua/whati wheua:Ka whakangaromia e ngā pūtau plasma rerekē te kiko wheua, ka ngoikore ai, ka mamae ai, ka ngawari ai te whati o ngā wheua. Ka kiia hoki tēnei he whara osteolytic .
• Ngā raruraru/ngoikore o te whatukuhu: Ko ō tātou whatukuhu te kawenga mō te tātari i ngā para me ngā paitini i roto i ō tātou tinana. Ka taea e ngā pūmua M te whakararuraru i te tukanga tātari a ngā whatukuhu, ā, ka kino hoki.
• Amyloidosis: Koinei te wā e whakatakotoria ai ngā pūmua rerekē (ngā pūmua amyloid) ki roto i ngā momo okana o te tinana.
• Hypercalcemia: Ka kohia te konupūmā nui mai i ngā wheua kua pakaru, kua ngoikore ki roto i te toto.
• Te mate hyperviscosity: Ka matotoru te toto i ngā pūmua M, ko te tikanga me kaha ake te mahi a te ngākau ki te pupuhi toto.
• Cryoglobulinemia: I ētahi wā ka taea e te myeloma maha te hanga i ngā pūmua o te toto kia piri tahi i te makariri.

He aha ngā tohu o te Myeloma Maha?

Ka taea e te myeloma maha te whakaputa i ngā momo tohu. Engari he maha ngā tāngata ka pāngia tuatahitia e te mamae wheua , inā koa i te tuaiwi me ngā rara. Anei ētahi atu tohu:

• Te ngoikore me te ngoikore o ngā peka. Mēnā ka pakaru ngā wheua o te tuaiwi, ka hinga pea, ka pēhi i te taurakira.
• Ngenge - Ko te tikanga tēnei he tino ngenge koe ki te mahi i ngā mahi o ia rā, he ngoikore hoki. He tohu ēnei nō te mate toto iti.
• Whakapairuaki me te ruaki . He tohu pea tēnei nō te mate e kiia nei ko te hypercalcemia.
• Te ngaronga o te hiahia kai , te nui haere rānei o te matewai i tō te tikanga. He tohu anō hoki ēnei o te hypercalcemia.
• Te whakahekenga taumaha kāore i te whakamāramatia .
• Te kirika kāore i te mārama . He tohu pea tēnei nō te mate kitakita.
• Ngāwari te maru, te toto rānei . Ko te tikanga tēnei kāore e taea e te tinana te hanga i ngā pereti toto e ranea ana nā te mea he rerekē ngā pūtau plasma.
• Te ngaronga o te mahara , te kore e taea te arotahi, te ahua "kohu".

Kia maumahara, ki te mea kotahi, e rua rānei o ēnei tohu, ehara i te mea kei a koe te myeloma maha. Heoi, ki te mau tonu ēnei tohu, he pai ake te toro atu ki te tākuta me te tirotiro.

He aha ngā take o te Myeloma Maha?

Kāore anō kia tino mōhiotia e ngā tākuta me ngā kairangahau he aha te pūtake o te myeloma maha, engari kei reira ētahi mea e whakapaetia ana e rātou, ā, kei te rangahauhia e rātou:

• Ngā whakarerekētanga ira: Kei te whakahaerehia he rangahau hei tirotiro mēnā he hononga i waenga i ngā whakarerekētanga ira i roto i ētahi ira ( oncogenes ) e whakahaere ana i te tipu o ō tātou pūtau me te myeloma maha. Kua kitea hoki he maha ngā tāngata e pangia ana e tēnei mate he wāhanga ngaro o ētahi chromosomes.
• Ngā āhuatanga taiao: Kua whakaatuhia e ētahi rangahau he pānga anō pea ki te pānga o te irahiko, ngā patupatu pepeke, ngā tongi, me ngā matū pēnei i a Agent Orange.
• He mate mumura tō te tinana: Hei tauira, ko ngā mate mumura roa pēnei i te mate ngakau, te mate huka momo 2, me te mate rumatiki.
• Momona: Ko te tikanga he nui rawa te ngako o te tinana.

Koinei ngā mea e whakapaetia ana i tēnei wā. Engari kāore anō kia whakamātauhia koinei te take.

Me pēhea te tautuhi a ngā tākuta i tēnei mate?

He maha ngā mahi e whaihia ana e te tākuta hei tātaritanga i te myeloma maha.

Tuatahi, ka whakamātauria tō tinana . Ka āta tirohia ō tohumate. Ka pātaihia hoki koe mō tō hītori hauora whānau. Kātahi ka mahia ētahi whakamātautau hei whakaū i te mate. Mā ngā mōhiohio ka riro mai i ēnei katoa ka whakatau i te wāhanga o te mate pukupuku, pērā i te rahi o te pukupuku me te horapa o tōna mate.

He aha ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana mō tēnei?

He maha ngā whakamātautau ka mahia e ngā tākuta hei whakatau mēnā he myeloma maha tōu, ā, mēnā kei roto i ngā wāhanga tōmua, kua horapa rānei. Anei ētahi o aua whakamātautau:

• Te Tatau Toto Katoa (CBC): Ka ine tēnei i te maha o ngā toto whero, ngā toto mā, me te nui o te hemoglobin i roto i ō toto whero.
• Whakamātautau matū toto: Mā tēnei ka tirohia tō taumata creatinine (e ine ana i te pai o te mahi a ō whatukuhu), te taumata pūmua albumin, te taumata konupūmā, me te taumata lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Ka taea e te LDH te tohu pukupuku.
• Whakamātautau immunoglobulin tauanga: Ka inehia e tēnei whakamātautau toto ngā taumata o ngā momo paturopi rerekē i roto i ō toto.
• Hikoorohera: Ka tirohia e tēnei whakamātautau te aroaro o ngā pūmua M i roto i te toto.
• Ngā whakamātautau mimi: Ka whakamātauria he tauira mimi i kohia mō te wā 24-hāora,Ka taea e koe te tirotiro mō tētahi atu pūmua e kiia nei ko te pūmua Bence Jones, he tohu anō tēnei mō te myeloma maha.
• Hiko-X: Ka whakamahia ngā hihi-X hei tirotiro mēnā kua pakaru ngā wheua i te myeloma maha.
• Matawai CT (Tomography Rorohiko - matawai CT): He whakamātautau anō tēnei hei tirotiro i te pakaru o te wheua.
• Matawai MRI (Whakaahua Āhua-Mateke - MRI): Ka whakamahia he aukume kaha me ngā ngaru reo irirangi hei hanga pikitia taipitopito o ō wheua me tō tuaiwi. Ka whakamahia hei rapu i ngā mea pēnei i te plasmacytomas , arā, he pukupuku e puta mai ana i roto i ngā tautau pūtau plasma rerekē.
• Matawai PET (Positron Emission Tomography - matawai PET): Ko tētahi atu momo matawai tēnei e whakamahia ana hei kite i ngā plasmacytomas.
• Ngā koiora o te hinu wheua: Ka tangohia e ngā tākuta he tauira iti o te hinu wheua, ka tātarihia mō te ōrau o ngā pūtau plasma noa me ngā pūtau plasma rerekē. Ka taea hoki e rātou te tirotiro mō ngā huringa o te DNA ka arahi pea ki te mate pukupuku.

Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā wāhanga o te Myeloma Maha?

Mā te kimi i te horapa me te whānui o te horapa o te mate pukupuku ka whakatauhia e ngā tākuta. Ka whakamahia tēnei wāhanga hei whakarite maimoatanga. Ka tīmata te tukanga whakatau i te wāhanga o te mate pukupuku mā te whakarōpū i te mate ki tētahi o ngā wāhanga e whā:

1. MGUS (Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Hiranga): E whakaatu ana ngā whakamātautau toto i te iti o te pūmua M. Tata ki te 1% - 2% o te hunga whai MGUS ka pāngia pea e te myeloma maha.

2. Ngā plasmacytoma takitahi, motuhake rānei: He tautau pūtau plasma rerekē ēnei e hanga takitahi ana, i te wāhi kotahi.

3. SMM (Smoldering Multiple Myeloma): He mate pukupuku tēnei i mua i te Multiple Myeloma. Tērā pea he ngawari ngā tohu o te hunga whai SMM, ā, he iti noa te pūmua M i roto i te toto, me te pikinga o ngā pūtau plasma i roto i te hinu wheua.

4. Myeloma Maha: Ko te tikanga o tēnei whakarōpūtanga he maha ngā tautau o ngā pūtau plasma rerekē, he nui ngā taumata o te pūmua M i roto i te toto, i te mimi rānei, me te nui o te ōrau o ngā pūtau plasma rerekē i roto i te hinu wheua. He maha ngā wā ka pāngia ēnei tāngata e te anemia, te hypercalcemia, te ngoikore o te whatukuhu, me ngā whara osteolytic.

Kātahi ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta te Pūnaha Whakatakotoranga Ao Hou (R-ISS).Ka whakatauhia te taumata o te myeloma maha mā te whakamahi i tētahi tikanga e kiia nei ko te pūnaha R-ISS. E hangai ana tēnei pūnaha ki ngā taumata o te albumin, te beta-2 microglobulin, me te lactate dehydrogenase i roto i te toto. Ka whai whakaaro hoki ki ngā whakamātautau mō ngā momo ira motuhake.

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō te Myeloma Maha?

Ka rongoatia e ngā tākuta te myeloma maha i runga i ō tohu me te whānuitanga o te mate. Hei tauira, ko te hunga whai MGUS kāore e hiahia ki te rongoā tonu. Engari ka aroturukihia e tā rātou tākuta tō rātou hauora i ia wā. Ka taea hoki e rātou te waihanga i tētahi mahere rongoā hei mahi tonu mēnā ka puta ngā tohu.

Mena kei a koe ngā tohu o te myeloma maha, ka whakamahia pea e ngā tākuta ēnei maimoatanga:

• Ngā rongoā mamae: He maha ngā tāngata e hiahia ana ki ēnei nā te mea e pāngia ana rātou e te mamae nui o te wheua.
• Paturopi: I te ngoikore haere o te pūnaha ārai mate, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā mate pāwera. Tērā pea ka tohua e tō tākuta he paturopi hei rongoā i ēnei mate.
• Ngā Steroid: Ka taea e ngā steroid, ina hoatu ki ngā horopeta nui, te patu i ngā pūtau matepukupuku me te whakaiti i te mumura.
• Te rongoā matū: Ka whakamahia te rongoā matū hei whakaiti i te maha o ngā pūtau toto rerekē.
• Ārai Mate: Ka whakaoho tēnei maimoatanga i tō pūnaha ārai mate kia nui ake ngā pūtau hei whawhai i te mate pukupuku.
• Whakaora irahiko: Ka whakangaromia e tēnei maimoatanga ngā pūtau matepukupuku, ka whakaiti hoki i ngā pukupuku wheua.
• Ngā whakawhitinga pūtau take: Ko ngā pūtau take he momo pūtau motuhake e kitea ana i roto i tō tātou hinu wheua, i te toto rānei. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina ki te hanga i ngā pūtau plasma hou, hauora. Ko te tikanga, ka tūtohu ngā tākuta i ngā whakawhitinga pūtau take autologous . Ko te whakamahi i ngā pūtau take hauora mai i tō tinana ake hei whakakapi i ngā pūtau take kua pakaru, kua kore rānei e hauora. He onge noa iho te whiwhi pūtau take hauora mai i tētahi atu kaituku. Ka kiia tēnei he whakawhitinga pūtau take allogenic .

Kia pēhea te roa ka taea e koe te ora me te Myeloma Maha?

Ka noho ētahi tāngata me te myeloma maha mō ngā tau 10, neke atu rānei. Pērā i te nuinga o ngā mate pukupuku, ko te kitenga wawe me te maimoatanga wawe te mea nui.Koinei te mea e āwhina ana i te tangata kia roa ake te ora. Hei tauira, tata ki te 78% o te hunga he kotahi te plasmacytoma e ora tonu ana i muri i te rima tau i te tātaritanga. Ko te reiti oranga katoa mō te hunga he maha ngā myeloma kei waenganui i te 40% ki te 82%. I ahu mai ēnei tatauranga i te pūnaha whakatauranga R-ISS i whakahuatia i mua ake nei.

Engari kia maumahara, he toharite ēnei tau. Kāore e whakaarohia tō tau, tō hauora whānui rānei, he mea whaiaro tēnā. Mena he myeloma maha tōu, ka taea e tō tākuta te hoatu ki a koe ngā mōhiohio pai rawa atu mō tō āhua.

Ka taea te ārai i tēnei mea kei tupu?

Kāo, kāore he huarahi i tēnei wā hei ārai i te whanaketanga o te myeloma maha. Kei te rapu huarahi ngā kairangahau hei aukati i te wāhanga o mua i te matepukupuku e kiia nei ko te SMM (Smoldering Multiple Myeloma) kei huri hei myeloma maha hohe.

Me pēhea koe e tiaki ai i a koe anō?

He rerekē te pānga o te myeloma maha ki te katoa. Hei tauira, kāore pea te hunga whai MGUS, SMM rānei e hiahia ki te maimoatanga tonu. Engari me toro atu rātou ki tā rātou tākuta i ia wā mō ngā whakamātautau. Mena kei te ora koe i te myeloma maha, ka whakaritea e tō tākuta he tirotiro me ngā whakamātautau i runga i tō āhua.

Mena kei te noho tahi koe me te Multiple Myeloma, he maha ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei pupuri i tō hauora whānui:

• Kai i ngā kai totika i ia rā. Ka taea e te myeloma maha te whakaiti i te hiahia kai. Nō reira, ngana ki te kai i ngā kai iti e whā ki te rima i te rā.
• Mena he kaipaipa koe, ngana ki te whakamutu.
• Hoatu ki tō tinana te okiokinga e hiahiatia ana, ā, moe pai ai.
• Tiakina koe i ngā mate urutā. Pātai atu ki tō tākuta mō ngā huarahi hei ārai i ngā mate urutā.
• Me mahi i ētahi mahi whakakori tinana, engari me pātai atu ki tō tākuta i te tuatahi. Māna e kī atu ki a koe te momo mahi whakakori tinana e tika ana māu.
• Kia aro nui hoki ki tō hauora hinengaro. He mea noa te pōuri, te manukanuka, me te ngakau pouri ina pāngia koe e tētahi āhuatanga pēnei. Engari, ki te roa atu i te rua wiki te roa o tēnei pouri, te manukanuka rānei, ka whakararuraru rānei i ō mahi o ia rā, kōrero ki tō tākuta mō tēnei mea.
• Mena kei te māhorahora koe, tera pea ka koa koe kua mutu te maimoatanga. Engari tera pea ka āwangawanga koe kei hoki mai anō te mate pukupuku. Kōrero ki tō tākuta mō tō āhua me ngā mea ka tumanakohia i roto i ngā rā kei mua.

He mate pukupuku toto onge te myeloma maha. Ahakoa kāore e taea te whakaora, ka taea e ngā tākuta te rongoā i ngā āhuatanga e pā ana, ngā tohumate, me te whakahaere i te horapa o te mate. Ko ētahi tāngata e noho tahi ana me te mate mō ngā tau. Ko ētahi kei te heke haere. Heoi, ehara i te mea ngāwari te noho tahi me te mate pukupuku kāore e memeha, ā, ka hoki mai anō. Ko te tikanga he noho tahi me te maimoatanga me ngā whakamātautau i ia rā o tō oranga. E mārama ana ngā tākuta ki ēnei wero. Mena kei te hiahia āwhina koe ki te ako ki te noho tahi me te myeloma maha, pātai atu ki tō tākuta. Ka taea e rātou te kōrero ki a koe mō ngā ratonga me ngā kaupapa āwhina.

Ko te mea nui rawa atu e hiahia ana mātou ki te kawe ki te kāinga

Āe, ko ngā mea tino nui hei maumahara māu i roto i ngā kōrero kua kōrerotia nei ko ēnei:

• He mate pukupuku toto onge te Multiple Myeloma e puta ana i roto i ngā pūtau plasma .
• Ahakoa kāore e taea te whakaora katoa, ka taea e te maimoatanga te whakahaere i ngā tohu, te whakaroa i te roanga o te oranga, me te whakapai ake i te kounga o te oranga .
• Mena ka puta ngā tohu pēnei i te mamae o te wheua, te ngenge nui, te maha rānei o ngā mate pāwera , me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu.
• Ko te wawe o te tautuhi mate, ko te nui ake o te tūponotanga ka angitu te maimoatanga.
• I a koe e noho tahi ana me tēnei mate, he mea tino nui kia tiakina koe, kia whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta, kia kaha hoki te hinengaro .

Kaua e manukanuka, kāore koe i te mokemoke. Kei te ahu whakamua te pūtaiao hauora, ā, kei te puta tonu mai ngā maimoatanga hou. Kei te rite tonu tō tākuta me te tīma hauora ki te āwhina i a koe.

` myeloma maha, pūtau plasma, matepukupuku toto, hinu wheua, pūmua M, tohumate matepukupuku, maimoatanga matepukupuku