Me kōrero tātou mō ngā mate ngongo io (NTD) e pā ana ki te roro me te taurakira o te pēpi e tipu ana i roto i te kōpū?

Ahakoa kei te hapu koe, kua whiwhi rānei koe i te rongo pai, tera pea kei te whakaaro koe ki ngā mea maha mō te tamaiti iti i roto i tō kōpū. He aha te hiranga o te mōhio ki te hauora o tō pēpi? Nā reira, i tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi mea ka puta i te wā e hapu ana, engari ka taea te ārai mēnā ka mōhio koe i mua. Koia ēnei ko ngā hapa ngongo io , e kiia nei e ngā tākuta ko ngā "Hapa Ngongo Io - NTD". Kaua e manukanuka, ka kōrerohia e tātou tēnei mea kia māmā noa iho, kia mārama ai koe.

He aha ngā mate ngongo io (NTD)? He māmā noa iho...

He māmā noa iho, he momo mate whānau ngā NTD. Arā, he mate e puta ana i te wā e noho tonu ana te pēpi i roto i te kōpū. Ko te nuinga o ēnei mate ka pā ki te roro o te pēpi, te taurakira, te taurakira rānei (te pūnaha io e rere ana i roto i te tuaiwi). Kia maumahara, he maha ngā wā ka puta ēnei hapa i mua i tō mōhio kei te hapu koe, i roto i te marama tuatahi o te haputanga.

Koinei te mea e tupu ana i te nuinga o te wā. Ina tīmata te whanaketanga o te pēpi i roto i te kōpū, ka honoa ngā taha e rua o te tuaiwi o te pēpi, ka hanga he hanganga rite ki te ngongo. Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te ngongo io . Ko tēnei ngongo io te mea ka whanake i muri mai hei roro me te taurakira o te pēpi. Nō reira, ki te kore e kati tika tēnei ngongo io, ki te mea he āputa iti, he hapa rānei kei tētahi wāhi, ka puta tēnei āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te NTD. He rite ki te wā e hanga ana koe i tētahi tuanui, ki te mea he āputa kei tētahi wāhi, ka turuturu te wai mai i te tuanui.

He aha ngā momo matua o ngā NTD?

He maha ngā momo matua o ngā hapa ngongo io (NTD). Me titiro tātou ki ia momo:

1. Te Mate Tuaiwi

Koinei te momo NTD tino noa . Ko te Spina Bifida he āhua e kore ai e kati katoa te ngongo io i tētahi wāhi i te tuarā i te wā e whanake ana te kukune. Anō, he maha ngā momo:

• Te Myelomeningocele (Te Tuwhera o te Tuara Bifida):

Whakaarohia, ina whānau mai ētahi pēpi, ka kite koe i tētahi pēke kī tonu i te wai e pupū mai ana i te tuarā o tō rātou tuaiwi. Ka kiia tēnei ko te `(Myelomeningocele).` Kei roto i te pēke pea tētahi wāhanga o te taurakira o te pēpi, ngā kiko e hipoki ana i a ia `(Meninges)`, ngā io, tae noa ki te wai e karapoti ana i te roro `(Cerebrospinal Fluid - CSF)`. Koinei te momo `(Spina Bifida)` tino kino, tino noa hoki .

• Te Meningocele:

I tēnei wā, tera pea i puta mai he pēke wai i te tuara o te pēpi. Heoi, i tēnei wā, kāore te taurakira o te pēpi i pakaru, arā, kāore te taurakira i roto i te pēke.

• Te Tūroa Matapōkere:

Koinei te momo ngawari rawa o te `(Spina Bifida)`I tēnei wā, he āputa iti kei roto i te tuaiwi o te pēpi, engari kāore he pēke e kitea ana. Kāore he whara ki te taurakira, ki ngā io rānei. I te nuinga o te wā, kāore tēnei e puta he raruraru. I ētahi wā, kāore pea koe e mōhio kei a koe tēnei mō te toenga o tō oranga.

2. Anencephaly

He mate kino tēnei. Ko te Anencephaly he mate e kore ai e kati tika te pito o runga o te ngongo io, te wāhi e whanake ai te roro, i te wā e whanake ana te kukune. Nō reira, kāore e whanake tika te angaanga, te kiri, me te roro o te pēpi. Tērā pea ka ngaro katoa ētahi wāhanga o te roro me te angaanga. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka kitea te kiko roro e whanake ana nā te mea kāore he kiri, he wheua rānei hei hipoki. Heoi anō, he maha ngā wā ka whānau mate ngā pēpi me tēnei mate, ka mate rānei i muri tata i te whānautanga.

3. Te mate pukupuku o te roro

Ka puta tēnei ina kore e kati tika te ngongo io tata ki te roro, ka puta he pūaha i roto i te angaanga. Ka taea e te roro o te pēpi me ngā kiriuhi e hipoki ana i te roro (meninges) te puta mā roto i tēnei pūaha, ka puta he pūaha rite ki te pēke. I ētahi wā, he pūaha iti noa iho kei roto i te kōhao ihu, i te rae rānei, kāore e tino kitea.

4. Iniencephaly

He mate tino kino, he onge hoki tēnei. Ka puta he āhua kino o te tuaiwi. He maha ngā wā ka ngaro katoa te kaki, ā, ka piko pea te māhunga ki muri, ā, ka piri pea te mata o te pēpi ki te uma, ka piri pea te kiri kei muri o te angaanga. Ko ngā pēpi me tēnei mate ka whānau mate.

Ko wai ka pāngia e ēnei NTD? ​​He pehea te noa o te kitea?

Ko ngā NTD he mate e puta mai ana i te whānautanga, arā, ka pā ki te pēpi e tipu haere ana . Ka puta anō hoki i roto i te marama tuatahi o te hapūtanga.

E ai ki ngā tatauranga i ētahi whenua o te ao, kāore i te tino kitea ngā `(NTD)`, engari he mea nui kia mōhio ki ēnei. Hei tauira, i te Hononga o Amerika, e kitea ana tēnei mate i roto i te 3000 hāputanga ia tau. I roto i ēnei, ko te `(Spina Bifida)` me te `(Anencephaly)` ngā mea tino kitea. Ahakoa he uaua ki te kimi tatauranga tika i Sri Lanka, he mea nui kia mahara ka taea e te tangata te pāngia e ēnei mate.

He aha i puta ai ēnei hapa ngongo io (NTD)?

Ina hoki, kāore anō kia taea e ngā tākuta me ngā kaipūtaiao te kī tika he aha te tino take o ēnei NTD. Heoi, e whakapono ana rātou he huinga matatini o ngā āhuatanga ira, kai, me te taiao .

Kua kitea ko tētahi o ngā tino take o tēnei ko te iti o te taumata waikawa folic i roto i te tinana o te whaea, inā koa i mua i te haputanga me ngā wiki tōmua o te hapūtanga . He matūkai nui te waikawa folic, te folate rānei, mō te whanaketanga tika o te roro me te taurakira o te pēpi.

He aha ngā tohu o te NTD?

He tohu motuhake tō ia momo NTD.

Mō ngā pēpi me ētahi `(NTD)`Kāore he tohu. Heoi, ka pāngia ētahi pēpi e ngā raruraru nui . E ai ki te kōrero i mua ake nei, ka mate pinepine ngā pēpi me te "Iniencephaly" me te "Anencephaly" i te whānautanga, i muri tata rānei i te whānautanga.

Ko ngā tohu noa o te NTD ko:

• Ngā raruraru tinana - hei tauira, te pararutiki (te ngaronga o ngā waewae), te kore e taea te whakahaere i te mimi me te paru.
• Te ngaronga o te tirohanga (te matapo).
• Te ngaronga o te rongo (turi).
• Ngā hauātanga hinengaro.
• Ngā āhua kore mohio, i ētahi wā ka mate.

Ki te whakapae ngā tākuta kei a tō pēpi te ``(NTD)'', ka kōrero atu rātou ki a koe mō tēnei, nā te mea ka rerekē pea ēnei āhuatanga i waenga i te pēpi me te pēpi.

Kei te pāngia te whaea e ētahi tohu i te wā e hapu ana?

Kāo. Ahakoa he "(NTD)" tō pēpi, kāore koe e pāngia e tētahi tohu motuhake e pā ana ki taua tohu. Ka kitea ēnei e ngā tākuta mā roto i ngā whakamātautau i te wā e hapu ana.

Me pēhea te tautuhi i ēnei `(NTD)`?

I te nuinga o te wā ka tātaritatia e ngā tākuta ngā NTD mā roto i ngā whakamātautau hapūtanga . He mea tino nui ngā matawai ultrasound mō tēnei.

He aha ngā whakamātautau e whakamahia ana hei tautuhi i ngā NTD?

Ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta ēnei whakamātautau hei kite i ngā NTD i mua i te whānautanga o te pēpi:

• Whakamātautau Toto: I waenganui i te 16 me te 18 wiki o te hapūtanga, ka tono pea tō tākuta i tētahi whakamātautau hei ine i tētahi pūmua e kiia nei ko te alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) i roto i tō toto. Mena he NTD tō pēpi, he nui ake ngā taumata toto o te whaea o tēnei pūmua i te mea noa (tata ki te 75% - 80%). Mena he teitei ō taumata AFP, ka tono pea tō tākuta i ētahi atu whakamātautau, pērā i te matawai ultrasound.
• Te Uiui-orooro i te Pēpi (i mua i te whānautanga): Ko te matawai i te wā e hapū ana te huarahi tino tika ki te kite i ētahi NTD. Ko te tikanga, ka tūtohu ngā tākuta kia mahia ngā matawai i te toru marama tuatahi (wiki 11-14) me te toru marama tuarua (wiki 18-22). Ka tirohia e ēnei matawai te tuaiwi me te māhunga o te pēpi kia kitea ai mēnā he tohu o ngā NTD.
• Te whakamātautau amniocentesis: Ka taea e tēnei whakamātautau te tirotiro mō ngā NTD me ētahi atu hapa whānau. Ko te whakamahi i te ngira hei tango i tētahi tauira iti o te wai amniotic e karapoti ana i te pēpi. Ko te tikanga ka mahia tēnei i waenga i te 15 me te 20 wiki o te hapūtanga. Heoi, he maha ngā tūponotanga e pā ana ki tēnei whakamātautau, nō reira kōrero ki tō tākuta mō tēnei mea.

I ētahi wā, ka taea te kite i ētahi NTD i muri i te whānautanga o te pēpi mā roto i ngā whakamātautau whakaahua pērā i te MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) te CT (Computed Tomography) rānei.

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō ngā NTD?

Mō ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te `(Spina Bifida)` me te `(Encephalocele), he maha ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga kei runga i te kaha o te āhuatanga.

Engari, kāore he rongoā mō te Anencephaly me te Iniencephaly. Ko te tikanga ka mate ēnei pēpi i te whānautanga, i muri tata rānei i te whānautanga.

Te rongoā mō te `(Spina Bifida)` me te `(Encephalocele)`

Ko te maimoatanga mō ngā āhuatanga e rua ka whakawhirinaki ki te kaha o te āhuatanga me te mea he raruraru anō kei te pēpi. Ko te pokanga te maimoatanga matua mō ngā āhuatanga e rua.

Ko te tikanga, ka rongoatia te encephalocele mā te pokanga, arā, ko te wāhanga o te roro kua puta mai i te angaanga o te pēpi, me ngā kiriuhi e karapoti ana i a ia, ka whakahokia ki roto i te angaanga, ka kati i te pūaha o te angaanga.

Ko te Myelomeningocele, te momo spina bifida tino kitea, ka rongoatia mā te pokanga hei whakatika i te pūaha i te tuaiwi o te pēpi. Ka taea te mahi i tēnei pokanga i mua i te whānautanga o te pēpi (pokanga fetal) i muri tata mai rānei i te whānautanga (pokanga postnatal) .

Tērā pea ka hiahiatia he maimoatanga mō ēnei āhuatanga e rua mō te wā roa , i runga i te āhua o te tamaiti. I roto i te wā, ka hiahiatia pea ētahi atu pokanga, ka hiahiatia rānei he maimoatanga mō ngā raruraru pēnei i te hydrocephalus, arā, te nui o te wai e pupū ake ana i te roro.

He aha ngā āhuatanga mōrearea e pā ana ki te whakawhanaketanga o te NTD?

Ka taea e tetahi wahine te whānau pēpi me te ``(NTD)``. Heoi, ka taea e ētahi āhuatanga te whakanui ake i tēnei mōrearea. Kia titiro tātou he aha ēnei:

• Te korenga o te waikawa folic (folate): He mea tino nui tēnei. He momo huaora B-9 te Folate. He mea nui mō te whanaketanga hauora o te pēpi. Mena kāore i te rawaka te waikawa folic i mua i te haputanga me ngā marama tuatahi o te hapūtanga, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia e te NTD pērā i te Spina Bifida.

Nō reira, ki te mea kei te whakaaro koe kia hapu, kua hapu kē rānei, he mea tino nui kia tangohia ngā huaora hapūtanga kua tohua e tō tākuta. Ko te tikanga, me tango kia 400 maikirokaramu (mcg) te iti rawa o te waikawa folic i ia rā. He mea pai hoki kia kai i ngā kai he nui te folate (pērā i te pīnihi, te pea).

• Hītori whānau mō ngā hapa ngongo io: Ko te whaea kua whānau he pēpi me te NTD o mua, he 2% ki te 3% te pikinga o te tūponotanga ki te whānau mai i tētahi atu pēpi me taua hapa anō. Ki te hiahia koe ki te mōhio atu mō tēnei, he mea pai kia kite i tētahi kaitohutohu ira.
• Ētahi rongoā ārai-hopu: Ka taea e ēnei rongoā te whakanui ake i te mōrearea o ngā NTD mēnā ka tangohia i te wā e hapu ana. Mena kei te tango koe i te rongoā mō te mate haurangi, kōrero ki tō tākuta i mua i tō haputanga kia mōhio ai koe ki te pānga o te rongoā ki tō haputanga.
• Mate huka:Ko ngā whaea hapū e kore nei e taea te whakahaere i te mate huka, he nui ake te mōrearea ki te whānau tamariki me te "(NTD)".
• Momona: He nui ake anō hoki tēnei mōrearea mō ngā whaea momona i mua i te hapūtanga.
• Te pikinga o te pāmahana tinana i te tīmatanga o te hapūtanga: Mena ka piki te pāmahana o tō tinana (hyperthermia) i ngā wiki tōmua o te hapūtanga, ahakoa nā te kirika tonu, nā te whakamahi rānei i te sauna, i te kaukau wera rānei, he iti noa te tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i ngā NTD.
• Te whakamahinga o ngā opioid i te tīmatanga o te hapūtanga: He momo rongoā mamae ngā opioid, ā, ka tino waranga. Ki te whakamahia i roto i ngā marama tuatahi e rua o te hapūtanga, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka whānau he pēpi me te NTD. Ki te mea kei te hapū koe, ā, kei te tango koe i tētahi rongoā kei roto pea he opioid, me kōrero tonu atu ki tō tākuta.

Ka ora tonu te pēpi me te `(NTD)`?

Ae, ka ora tonu ngā pēpi me ētahi hapa ngongo io pērā i te `(Spina Bifida)` me te `(Encephalocele)`. Heoi, e ai ki te kōrero i mua ake nei, ka mate pinepine ngā pēpi me te `(Anencephaly)` me te `(Iniencephaly)` i te whānautanga, i muri tata rānei i te whānautanga.

Ko ngā pēpi e pāngia ana e te `(Spina Bifida),` inā koa ko te `(Myelomeningocele)` me te `(Encephalocele)` he nui ake te mōrearea ki te pakaru o ngā io. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te pararutiki. Ko te pakaru o ngā io me te ngaronga o te mahi i te whānautanga he mea pumau tonu. Heoi, he maha ngā maimoatanga hei āwhina i te aukati i ngā kino me ngā raruraru anō.

Ka taea e ētahi pēpi me te "Spina Bifida" te ora me te kore he raruraru, he iti noa iho rānei ngā raruraru.

Me pēhea taku tiaki i taku pēpi me te `(NTD)`?

He mea nui kia maumahara ki tēnei: ​​Ehara i te mea he rite katoa ngā pēpi whai NTD. Ina koa ko ngā pēpi whai Spina Bifida me Encephalocele, he rerekē te pānga. Kāore e taea te matapae tika i te pānga o tō pēpi. Ko te mea pai rawa atu māu ko te kōrero ki tō tākuta mō te āhua o tō pēpi, me te tiki tohutohu mai i a rātou.

I a tāu tamaiti e tipu ake ana, tera pea ka hiahia ia ki te āwhina a tētahi tīma tākuta hei whakarato i ngā momo tiaki e hiahiatia ana e rātou. He mea tino nui kia tautokona tāu tamaiti, kia whakarite hoki kia whiwhi ia i te tiaki hauora pai rawa atu.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta mō ngā NTD?

Mena i whānau mai tāu tamaiti me te NTD, me toro atu rātou ki te tākuta, ki te tīma hauora rānei i ia wā, hei tiaki i a rātou mō te toenga o ō rātou oranga.

Mena kei te tango rongoā koe mō te mate haurangi, ngā opioid rānei, kōrero ki tō tākuta i mua i tō haputanga kia mōhio ai koe ki te pānga o te rongoā ki tō haputanga me te tūponotanga ka whānau he pēpi me te NTD.

He mea noa te mataku me te ohorere ina kitea he ``(NTD)'' tō pēpi. Engari kia maumahara, ehara i te mea ko koe anake. He maha ngā rauemi hei āwhina i a koe me tō whānau. He mea nui kia kōrero koe ki tētahi tākuta e mōhio ana ki ngā ``(NTD)'' kia mōhio ai koe ki te pānga o tō pēpi, me pēhea hoki te whakarite mōna.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara mā tātou (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

Ko tāku tumanako kua hoatu e tēnei kōrero he māramatanga ki a koe mō ngā "Ngā Hapa Ngongo Neural - NTD". Ko te mea nui ko te mōhio ki ēnei i mua i te wā.

• Ko ngā NTD he hapa whanaketanga e puta ana i roto i te roro me te taurakira o te pēpi i ngā wiki tōmua o te hapūtanga.
• He matūkai tino nui te waikawa folic hei ārai i ēnei āhuatanga. Mā te tango i te waikawa folic i ia rā mai i te wā e whakaaro ana koe kia hapu, tae atu ki ngā marama tuatahi o te haputanga ka taea te whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā NTD.
• Ka taea te kite i ngā NTD mā te matawai ultrasound i te wā e hapu ana.
• Ahakoa he maimoatanga kei ētahi NTD, pērā i te pokanga, ko ētahi mate kino kāore he maimoatanga.
• Mena he pātai, he āwangawanga rānei āu mō ngā NTD, me kōrero ki tō tākuta.

Ko te tumanako ka whai hua ēnei kōrero ki a koe. Kia kitea e koe te kaha ki te whānau i tētahi pēpi hauora!

Koha o te Ngongo Io , NTD, Spina Bifida, Anencephaly, Waikawa Folic, Hapūtanga, Koha Whānau, Koha o te Ngongo Io