He tino pakeke, he koretake hoki tāu tamaiti ki ngā mea katoa? Me ako tātou mō te ODD (Oppositional Defiant Disorder)!

Ka kore rānei tāu tamaiti e whakarongo ki a koe i ētahi wā, ā, ka tīmata hoki i ngā pakanga? He mea noa iho tēnei whanonga a ngā tamariki i a rātou e tamariki ana, inā koa i te rua, i te toru rānei o ō rātou tau, tae atu ki te pakeke ake (tata ki te 13, ki te 14 rānei tau te pakeke). Engari, ki te roa ake te pakeketanga me te kore whakarongo mō te ono marama, ā, ki te mea he mea noa iho mō tō rātou tau, tera pea he āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te ODD. Me kōrero tātou mō tēnei mea, kaua e manukanuka, ina mārama tātou ki ēnei mea, tera ētahi huarahi hei āwhina.

He aha te ODD (Oppositional Defiant Disorder)?

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko te ODD (Oppositional Defiant Disorder) he āhuatanga hauora hinengaro e whakaatu ana te tamaiti i tētahi tauira o ngā whanonga kore mahi tahi, kore whakarongo, me ētahi wā he whanonga kino ki ngā pakeke (pērā i ngā mātua me ngā kaiako) . Ka taea e tēnei whanonga te whakararuraru nui i ngā mahi o ia rā a te tamaiti, ngā whanaungatanga whānau, me ngā mahi kura.

Whakaarohia, ka mea atu koe ki tāu tamaiti kia waiho ngā taonga tākaro i muri i te tākaro. Kātahi ka tautohe ia, "Kāore e taea e au, māu anō e waiho," ka whakaari rānei ia kāore ia e rongo i a koe. He mea noa kia puta tēnei i te kotahi, i te rua rānei ngā wā. Engari , ki te puta tonu ēnei mea, mō te neke atu i te ono marama, ā, he kino rawa atu, kāore i te ōrite ki te pakeke o te tamaiti , me whakaaro tātou ki te ODD.

Ko te mea nui, ehara i te mea he tamaiti "kino" ngā tamariki katoa e pāngia ana e te ODD. He āhuatanga tēnei kāore e taea te whakahaere, ā, me rongoā.

He aha atu ngā raruraru hauora hinengaro ka pā mai me te ODD?

He maha ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi e pāngia ana e te ODD, ā, kotahi, neke atu rānei, ngā āhuatanga hauora hinengaro e pāngia ana e tēnei. He mea nui anō hoki tēnei nā te mea me whai whakaaro ki ēnei āhuatanga katoa i te wā e rongoatia ana.

• Mate kore aro nui (ADHD): Koinei te mate e kitea whānuitia ana me te ODD.
• Ngā mate manukanuka: Hei tauira, ngā mea pēnei i te mataku koretake me te mate obsessive-compulsive (OCD) .
• Ngā rerekētanga ako: Tērā pea he uauatanga ako mō ētahi tamariki.
• Ngā mate kare ā-roto: Ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te pouri .
• Ngā mate whakahaere hihiri.

Tata ki te 30% o ngā tamariki whai ODD ka pāngia e tētahi āhuatanga whanonga kino ake e kiia nei ko te Conduct Disorder (CD) . Ki te kore e tika te tātaritanga me te rongoā i te ODD, ka mau tonu pea ēnei tohu tae noa ki te pakeketanga.

He aha te Mate Whanoke (CD)? He kino atu i te ODD?

Ko te Mate Whanoke (CD) he āhuatanga e whanoke ai te tamaiti, te taiohi rānei ki ētahi atu, ā, e takahi tonu ana i ngā ture me ngā tikanga kua whakaaetia o te hapori . Ka taea te kī he kino ake i te ODD.

Ko ētahi o ngā āhuatanga o ngā tamariki whai CD ko:

• Te takahi tonu i ngā ture nui. Hei tauira, te oma atu i te kāinga, te kore whakarongo ina kīia kia kaua e haere ki waho i te pō, me te kore haere ki te kura.
• Te pukuriri i roto i te huarahi e whara ai ētahi atu. Whakaarohia ngā mea pēnei i te tukino i ētahi atu tamariki, te whawhai, te tukino rānei i ngā kararehe.
• Te teka, te tahae, me te whakangaro i ngā taonga a ētahi atu me te āta whakaaro .

He nui ake te tūponotanga ka whara ngā tamariki whai CD, ā, he uaua hoki ki a rātou te noho tahi me ō rātou hoa.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te ODD me te ADHD?

He maha ngā wā ka pōhēhētia ēnei āhuatanga e rua. Tata ki te 40% o ngā tamariki e pāngia ana e te ADHD (Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) ka pāngia pea e te ODD, e tētahi atu mate whanonga rānei e pā ana. Ahakoa ka noho tahi ngā āhuatanga e rua, he rerekē ngā āhuatanga e rua.

• Ko te ODD e pā ana ki ngā whanonga o te tamaiti me tana taunekeneke ki ngā mātua, ki ngā tuākana, ki ngā teina, ki ngā kaiako me ngā hoa.
• Ko te ADHD he mate whanaketanga roro e ngawari ai te tahuri ke o te tamaiti, ka uaua ki te noho whakarite, me te kore e okioki tonu.

I te kīanga māmā noa iho, tera pea ka kore e whakarongo te tamaiti whai ADHD nā te kore o te manawa me te kore aro. Engari ko te tamaiti whai ODD ka takahi i ngā ture, ka tautohetohe, ka ātete hoki .

Ko wai te hunga e tino pāngia ana e te ODD? He aha ngā āhuatanga mōrearea?

Ka kitea te ODD i roto i ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi. Engari ka pāngia hoki ngā pakeke i ētahi wā. Ka tīmata i te wā e 8 tau te pakeke. Ka tipu haere ētahi tamariki i te pakeketanga, ka ora ake rānei mā te maimoatanga tika. Engari mō ētahi, ka mau tonu ēnei tohu tae noa ki te pakeketanga.

Ahakoa he nui ake te kitea o te ODD i roto i ngā tama i ngā kōtiro i te tamarikitanga, he ōrite te pānga ki ngā ira e rua i te pakeketanga.

Ko ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō tāu tamaiti ki te whakawhanake i te ODD ko:

• Te tukino, te whakarere rānei i te tamarikitanga.
• Mena he mate hinengaro tō te mātua, tō te kaitiaki rānei, he raruraru rānei tōna ki te whakamahi tarukino, waipiro rānei .
• Te tūponotanga ki te tutu.
• Te whai i ngā momo whiu e huri haere tonu ana, me te kore o te tirotiro a te pakeke.
• Te kore pumau o te whānau. Hei tauira, te whakarere o ngā mātua, te neke whare pinepine, te whakawhiti kura pinepine.
• Ngā raruraru pūtea a te whānau.
• Mena kua pāngia ngā mātua e te ODD, ADHD, ētahi atu raruraru whanonga rānei, i tēnei wā rānei.

He pēhea te noa o te ODD?

E ai ki ngā kairangahau i waenga i te 2% me te 11% o ngā tamarikiNgā pānga o te ODD. Ko te take mō tēnei whānuitanga, he maha ngā tamariki e hē ana te tautuhi he mate whanonga tō rātou, ā, kāore i te tino kitea te mate i roto i ngā tamariki nohinohi. Ka heke te maha o ngā mate ODD i te pakeketanga.

He aha ngā tohu o te ODD? Me pēhea te mōhio ki tēnei?

Ko ngā tohu o te ODD ka tīmata i te 8 tau te pakeke. Ka noho tonu ēnei tohu i te taumata pumau i waenga i te 5 me te 10 tau te pakeke, kātahi ka tīmata te heke haere (engari kāore i te wā katoa).

Ahakoa e kitea ana ēnei tohu i ētahi wāhi, pērā i te kāinga me te kura, tera pea ka kitea nuitia ake i te kāinga, i te kura rānei .

Ka taea te wehewehe i ngā tohu o te ODD ki ngā wāhanga matua e toru:

1. Te riri me te pukuriri.

2. Te tautohetohe me te whanonga kore whakarongo.

3. Te take rapu utu.

Hei tāpiritanga, he maha ngā tamariki whai ODD ka pāngia e te huringa o te kare ā-roto, ka ngawari te riri, ka iti te whakaaro ki a rātou anō, ā, ka tahuri pea ki ngā raau taero me te waipiro.

Te riri me te pukuriri

Ko ēnei tohu he wāhanga o te tautuhi mate ODD. Mena he ODD tāu tamaiti, tera pea ka kite koe i ngā mea penei:

• Ka tere te riri.
• Ka pakaru tonu te riri, ka whakaatu i te mauahara .
• Ahakoa ngā mea iti rawa e mahia ana e ētahi atu , ka taea e rātou te whara i ō kare ā-roto, me te whakapataritari i a koe .
• E riri tonu ana, e kōrero kino ana .

Te tautohetohe me te whanonga kore whakarongo

He tohu matua anō hoki tēnei mō te ODD. Tērā pea ka pēnei te whanonga o tāu tamaiti:

• Te nui rawa o te tautohetohe ki ngā pakeke.
• Ka āta whakakahore rātou ki te whakarongo ki ngā tono me ngā ture.
• Ka whakapae rātou i ētahi atu mō ā rātou hapa.
• Te ngana āta ki te riri me te whara i ētahi atu .

Te take rapu utu

Anei ētahi o ngā tohu o te ODD e tohu ana i te rapu utu:

• E pupuri ana i te mauahara, e rapu utu ana.
• Ina riri koe, ina mamae hoki, ka kōrero koe i ngā kupu kino, i ngā kupu mamae .

He aha ngā take o te ODD?

Kāore he take kotahi mō te ODD. E whakapono ana ngā kairangahau nā te huinga matatini o ngā āhuatanga koiora, ira, me te taiao i puta ai.

Ngā awe ira

E ai ki ngā rangahau , tata ki te 50% o te ODD he ira . He maha ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi e pāngia ana e te ODD he whānau tata kei a rātou ētahi atu raruraru hauora hinengaro, pērā i ngā mate hinengaro, ngā mate manukanuka, me ngā mate tuakiri . Waihoki, he maha ngā tamariki e pāngia ana e te ODD he mate hinengaro kē atu, pērā i te ADHD, ngā ngoikoretanga ako, te pouri, me te manukanuka, nō reira e whakaarohia ana he hononga ira pea kei waenganui i ēnei mate.

Ngā take koiora

E kī ana ētahi rangahau ka puta pea ngā mate whanonga i ngā huringa i ētahi wāhi o te roro. Hei tāpiri, ka puta pea te ODD i ngā raruraru ki ngā matū e kiia nei ko ngā neurotransmitters, e āwhina ana ki te tuku karere i waenga i ngā pūtau io i roto i te roro . Mena kāore i te taurite ēnei matū, kāore rānei e mahi tika, kāore e taea e ngā karere te haere tika i roto i te roro, ā, ka puta pea ngā tohu.

Ngā āhuatanga taiao

Ko te oranga whānau pōrearea , te tukino i te tamarikitanga, me te koretake o te whakatikatika a ngā mātua ka whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga o te ODD. Ko te whakakorenga a ngā hoa , ngā rōpū hoa kino , te rawakore , te tutu i te takiwa , me ētahi atu āhuatanga pāpori, ōhanga rānei e kore e pumau ka whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga o te ODD.

He mea nui: Ahakoa he tamariki kei a ia tētahi, neke atu rānei o ēnei āhuatanga, ehara i te mea ka pāngia rātou e te ODD. Waihoki, ka puta te ODD me te kore o tētahi o ēnei āhuatanga. He āhuatanga mōrearea noa iho ēnei.

Me pēhea koe e tino mōhio ai mēnā kei a koe te ODD? (Tauātanga)

Ka tātaritatia te ODD e ngā tohunga hauora hinengaro ina whakaatu te tamaiti i te iti rawa e whā o ngā tohu kua whakarārangihia i roto i te Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) mō te neke atu i te ono marama . Me tino kaha hoki ngā tohu kia whakararuraru i te oranga o ia rā o te tamaiti .

Mena kei te whakaatu tāu tamaiti i ngā tohu o te ODD, me toro atu rātou ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro mō ngā tamariki me ngā taiohi, ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro rānei . Ka whakamahia e ēnei tohunga hauora hinengaro ngā uiuinga me ngā aromatawai kua hangaia motuhake hei tirotiro i tāu tamaiti mō tētahi āhuatanga hauora hinengaro.

He maha ngā wā, ka kohia e ngā tākuta hinengaro me ngā tohunga hinengaro ngā kōrero mai i ngā mātua, i ngā tuākana, i ngā teina, i ngā hoa, me ngā kaiako kia mārama katoa ai ki ngā whanonga a te tamaiti.

Me āta tirotirohia e te tākuta hinengaro, e te tākuta hinengaro rānei o tāu tamaiti tāu tamaiti, me te wehewehe i te ODD mai i ētahi atu āhuatanga e rite ana ngā tohu, pēnei i:

• Ngā taumata ngawari, ngā taumata taurite rānei o te whanonga whakahē.
• ADHD (mate kore aro/mate kore mahi nui) kāore i rongoatia.
• Ngā mate hinengaro.
• Ngā mate manukanuka me te OCD (mate āwangawanga-ātete).

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō te ODD?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te ODD e whakawhirinaki ana ki ētahi āhuatanga, hei tauira:

• Te tau o tāu tamaiti.
• Te kaha o ngā tohu.
• Te kaha o te tamaiti ki te whai wāhi atu me te manawanui ki ētahi maimoatanga.
• Ahakoa he mate kē atu tō te tamaiti pērā i te ADHD, te kore ako, te OCD rānei.

Me uru te tamaiti, tō whānau, me te kura o te tamaiti ki te maimoatanga mō te ODD.

Ko te tikanga, ko te maimoatanga he whakakotahitanga o ēnei mea:

• Whakangungu Whakahaere Mātua (PMT).
• Hinengaro whakaora (kōrero whakaora).
• Ngā wawaotanga ā-kura.

Whakangungu Whakahaere Mātua (PMT)

Koinei te maimoatanga matua mō ngā whanonga whakahē e pā ana ki te ODD. Ka ako i ngā mātua me pēhea te whakarerekē i ngā whanonga a ā rātou tamariki i roto i te taiao kāinga mā te whakamahi i ngā whakakaha pai hei whakaiti i ngā whanonga hē me te whakanui ake i ngā whanonga pai.

He rerekē ngā momo kaupapa whakangungu. He maha ngā wā whakangungu mō ēnei, ā, he maha ngā wiki te roa. I roto i ēnei wā, ka ako ngā mātua ki te kite i ngā whanonga raruraru me ngā taunekeneke pai, me te tuku whiu tika, urupare pai rānei.

Kua whakamātauhia te tikanga PMT ki te āwhina nui ki te whakaiti i ngā raruraru whanonga i roto i ngā whānau maha, puta noa i ngā momo papamuri.

Hinengaro Whakaora

Ko te hinengaro whakaora he kupu whānui mō ngā momo tikanga maimoatanga e āwhina ana i a koe ki te tautuhi me te whakarerekē i ngā kare ā-roto, ngā whakaaro, me ngā whanonga raruraru. Mā te mahi tahi me tētahi tohunga hauora hinengaro, pērā i te tohunga hinengaro, te tohunga hinengaro rānei, ka taea te whakarato tautoko, mātauranga, me te ārahi mō tāu tamaiti me tō whānau.

Ko ētahi o ngā tikanga rongoā hinengaro noa hei āwhina i te rongoā i te ODD ko:

Te Whakaora Hinengaro Hinengaro (CBT)

He rongoā whainga, whai whāinga, takitahi tēnei. Ka āwhina te kaiwhakaora hinengaro i te tamaiti ki te tirotiro hohonu ki ōna whakaaro me ōna kare ā-roto. Ka mārama te tamaiti ki te pānga o ōna whakaaro ki āna mahi. Mā te CBT, ka taea e te tamaiti te ako ki te tuku i ngā whakaaro me ngā whanonga kino, me te whakawhanake i ngā tauira whakaaro me ngā tikanga hauora ake . He tino āwhina te whakangungu whakahaere riri e hangai ana ki te CBT mō ngā tamariki whai ODD he raruraru whakahaere riri. Mō ngā tamariki pakeke ake, he āwhina te whakangungu pūkenga whakaoti rapanga me te tango tirohanga .

Te rongoā e aro ana ki te whānau

Ko tēnei whakaora he mea mā ngā tamariki whai ODD me ō rātou kaitiaki. I roto i tēnei whakaora, ka whai wāhi tahi te tamaiti me te whānau ki ngā wā whakaora hei whiwhi mātauranga hinengaro mō te ODD, hei whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga kōrero, me te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga whakaoti rapanga.Te ako. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te tautuhi i ngā āhuatanga o te taiao kāinga e whai wāhi ana, e kino ana rānei ki te whanonga pukuriri.

Ngā wawaotanga ā-kura

He tino whai hua ngā wawaotanga tautoko hei whakapai ake i ngā mahi kura, i ngā whanaungatanga ki ngā hoa, me ngā pūkenga whakaoti rapanga hei rongoā i te ODD.

Ko ēnei wawaotanga ka uru atu ki:

• Te whakarato mātauranga me ngā taputapu ki ngā kaiako o te tamaiti hei whakapai ake i ngā whanonga o te akomanga.
• Ngā tikanga hei ārai i ngā whanonga whakararuraru, i te kino haere rānei o aua whanonga.
• Ētahi atu huarahi hei āwhina i tāu tamaiti ki te whai i ngā ture o te akomanga me ngā taunekeneke pāpori e whakaaetia ana.

He rongoā kei te wātea mō te ODD?

Ahakoa kāore he rongoā kua whakaaetia mō te ODD, ka tohua pea e te tākuta, e te tohunga hinengaro rānei o tāu tamaiti he rongoā hei rongoā i ētahi atu āhuatanga kei a ia, pērā i te ADHD, te OCD, te pouri rānei . Ki te kore ēnei āhuatanga e rongoātia, ka kino ake pea ngā tohu o te ODD.

He aha te ahunga whakamua o te ODD? (Matapae)

Ka pāngia pea ngā tamariki whai ODD e ngā raruraru nui i te kura, i te kāinga, me ngā whanaungatanga pāpori.

Ka pai ake te ODD ngawari, te ODD taurite rānei i te pakeketanga. Heoi, ka taea e ngā kēhi kino ake te whanake hei Whanoketanga Āhua .

Kāore pea te matapae mō te ODD e pai nā te korenga o te maimoatanga me te tautoko a ngā mātua. Heoi, mā te maimoatanga tika o ētahi atu mate e pā tahi ana (pēnei i te ADHD, te OCD rānei), te whakaora takitahi, te whakaora whānau rānei, me te whakatipu tamariki pai, ka taea te tumanako i ngā hua pai.

Ka taea te ārai i te ODD?

Kāore pea e taea te ārai katoa i te ODD. Heoi, mā te mōhio me te mahi i ngā tohu i te wā tonu e puta mai ai ka taea te whakaiti i te ahotea o te tamaiti me te whānau. Ka taea hoki e ia te āwhina ki te ārai i ngā raruraru maha e pā ana ki te mate. Ka taea hoki e ngā whānau te ako me aha mēnā ka hoki mai ngā tohu.

Hei tāpiri, mā te waihanga i tētahi taiao kāinga atawhai, tautoko, me te pumau ka āwhina i te whakaiti i ngā tohu me te ārai i ngā whanonga whakahē.

Me pēhea te tiaki i tētahi tamaiti whai ODD? Tohutohu mō ngā mātua

Mena he ODD tāu tamaiti, me te whakarato i te manaaki ngaio, anei ētahi huarahi hei āwhina i a koe me tāu tamaiti:

• Whakatairangahia ngā āhuatanga pai: Whakamoemititia tāu tamaiti ina whakaatu ia i te ngāwari, i te tautoko rānei, hoatu he urupare pai ki a ia , ā, maioha ki te mahi pai iti rawa.
• Whakatā mō tētahi wā poto mēnā e tika ana: Ki te mea kei te kino rawa atu te pakanga ki a koe me tāu tamaiti, kaua ki te pai ake, me ata haere atu mō tētahi wā.He tauira pai tēnei mā te tamaiti. Mēnā ka whakatau te tamaiti ki te whai wā okioki hei ārai i te kino haere o tētahi āhuatanga, tautokona rātou.
• Kia ōrite: Whakatakotoria he rohe e tika ana mō te tau, he rohe whaitake , me ngā hua mō ngā whanonga kino. Whakaūtia ēnei i ngā wā katoa. Kia ōrite hoki ngā ture. Kaua e kōrero i tētahi mea i tēnei rā, i tētahi mea anō āpōpō.
• Tiaki i a koe anō: Me mahi tonu i ngā mahi whakangahau me ngā mahi e pai ana ki a koe, me tiaki hoki i a koe anō (tiaki i a koe anō) . Mahi tahi me ētahi atu pakeke e mahi tahi ana me tāu tamaiti, me te ngana ki te tiki i tā rātou tautoko. Mēnā kei te ora koe, ka taea e koe te āwhina i tāu tamaiti.
• Rapua he tohutohu hauora: Mena kua tāpaetia tō tamaiti kei te mate ODD, engari ka kino haere tana whanonga, ka whakararuraru rānei i te oranga whānau, i te oranga kura rānei, kōrero ki tana tohunga hauora hinengaro. Mena kei te whakaatu tāu tamaiti i ngā whanonga kino ki ētahi atu (ētahi atu tamariki, kararehe rānei) , rapua tonutia he maimoatanga.

Hei whakamutunga, ko ngā mea tino nui hei maumahara (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

He uaua pea mā ngā mātua te whakatau i ngā tamariki whakakeke, tino whakararuraru hoki. Ahakoa he mea noa mō ngā tamariki nohinohi te whakaatu i te whanonga whakahē i ētahi wā, ko te whanonga pumau me te whakararuraru pea he tohu o te ODD (Oppositional Defiant Disorder).

He mea tino nui kia tīmata wawe te maimoatanga mō te ODD . Ko te taahiraa tuatahi i roto i te maimoatanga ko te kōrero ki te tākuta, ki te kaitohutohu hauora hinengaro rānei. Kaua e wehi ki te pātai ki tō tākuta. Kei reira rātou hei āwhina i a koe. Kāore koe i te mokemoke , ā, he maha ngā tāngata ka taea te āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau i tēnei mate.

Kia maumahara, ehara te ODD i te he o te tamaiti, ehara hoki i a koe. Mā te mārama ki tēnei, ka taea e koe te āwhina i tāu tamaiti me te aroha, te manawanui, me te ārahi tika.

` ODD, Mate Whanoke, Hauora Hinengaro o te Tamaiti, Tamariki Whakahē, Tohutohu Mātua, Pakari, Whakaora Whanoke