Kua pāngia koe e tētahi aituā ki tō uma? Me ako tātou mō te whara o te pūkahukahu?

Ki te pāngia tō uma e te pānga kaha ohorere, tērā pea kāore koe e rongo i te ahua kua pā mai he mea nui. Heoi anō, ka taea te pakaru o ngā pukahukahu mai i roto. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi mate kino ka puta i taua wā, arā, ko te whara o ngā pukahukahu. He ahua kino tēnei, nō reira kia tino mōhio tātou ki tēnei. Kāore he mea hei wehi, mā te mōhio ki ēnei mōhiohio ka āwhina i a koe me ō whanaunga.

He aha te tikanga o te whara o te pūkahukahu?

Whakaarohia, ina pāngia tō ringaringa e te pōro tere i a koe e tākaro kirikiti ana, ina pāngia rānei koe i tētahi wāhi i a koe e oma ana, i ētahi wā ka kikorangi taua wāhi, ka pupuhi, ka maru. Ko te mea anō hoki ka pā ki ngā pukahukahu. Ko te maru o ngā pukahukahu he kino ki ngā pukahukahu nā te whiu nui ki te uma, he maru rānei e puta ana i roto i ngā pukahukahu.

Koinei te āhua o te pānga. Ina pāngia te uma e te whiu kaha, ka pakaru ngā oko toto iti i roto i ngā pūkahukahu. Kātahi ka tīmata te toto me ētahi atu wai o te tinana ki te turuturu mai i aua oko toto kua pakaru ki roto i ngā kiko o te pūkahukahu. He rite ki te toto mai i te patunga, engari i tēnei wā kei roto i ngā pūkahukahu. Mā tēnei puranga toto me te wai ka uaua ake te mahi tika a ngā pūkahukahu, arā, ka tangohia te hāora me te tango atu i te hauhā waro.

He mate kino tēnei, nā te mea ka arahi pea ki ngā raruraru morearea. Koia te take e pupuri ai ngā tākuta i tētahi tangata kei roto i tēnei mate i roto i te wāhanga tiaki nui (ICU) o te hōhipera, ā, ka aroturukihia hoki rātou.

He aha ngā tohu o tēnei?

Ka puta tonu mai ngā tohu o te whara o te pūkahukahu, ka puta mai rānei i roto i ngā hāora, i ngā rā rānei i muri i te whara. I ētahi wā he tino ngawari ngā tohu i te tīmatanga. Koia te mea nui kia mōhio koe ki tēnei ina whara tō uma.

Ko ngā tohu matua ka kitea ko:

• Te uaua ki te manawa, te poto rānei o te manawa: Tērā pea ka pēnei koe me te mea kei te uaua koe ki te manawa, me te mea rānei me mahi nui koe ki te manawa.
• Maremare: Tērā pea ka tīmata hei maremare maroke, kātahi ka huri hei maremare me te huware.
• Te wheehe: He tangi whiowhio i te wā e manawa ana: He rite ki te tangi iti, haruru e puta mai ana i roto i te uma.
• Tachycardia: Ka tere ake te pao o te manawa i te mea noa.
• Te mare toto: He tohu kino ake tēnei. Ki te mare toto koe me tō huware, kaua e warewarehia.
• Mamae o te uma: Ka kino ake te mamae o te uma, ina koa i te wa e manawa ana, ina maremare.
• Ngā marōra e kitea ana i te uma: Tērā pea he kikorangi te wāhi i puta ai te aituā, ā, tērā pea ka kitea ngā marōra.

Ka tīmata pea ēnei tohu mā te maremare iti me te uaua ki te manawa, ā, ka piki haere te kino. Nō reira, ki te mea he tūponotanga kei te uma, he mea nui kia aro nui ki ēnei tohu.

Me pēhea te puta o tēnei āhuatanga?

Ko te tino take o te whara he whiunga kaha, he aituā rānei ki te uma. E rua ngā huarahi e puta ai tēnei:

1. Te whara o te kaha pūmau: Ko te tikanga he whiu ki te uma ki tētahi mea kāore i te koi. Hei tauira:

• Ngā aituā waka: Koinei te tino take. I roto i tētahi aituā i a koe e eke ana i roto i tētahi motuka, i tētahi van, i tētahi waka wira-toru rānei, ka pā pea te uma ki te urungi, ki te papaaho, ki te nohoanga rānei i mua i te tinana. Ahakoa kei te mau koe i te whitiki nohoanga, ki te nui rawa te aituā, ka pakaru pea te uma.
• Te hinganga mai i te teitei: Ki te hinga koe i tētahi wāhi teitei, pērā i te rākau, te arawhata, te whare rānei, ka pā pea tō uma ki te whenua, ki tētahi atu mea rānei.
• Ngā aituā hākinakina: I ngā hākinakina pēnei i te whutupōro me te whutupaoro, ka pā mai ngā whara o te uma i ngā tukinga, i ngā hinganga rānei.
• Te pāngia kaha: Te pāngia kaha ki te uma i te wā o te whawhai, e tetahi atu rānei.
• Ngā Pahūtanga: Ka taea e te ngaru pahūtanga i hangaia e te pahūtanga te kino i ngā pukahukahu.

2. Te whara o te uma: Ko te tikanga ka uru tetahi mea koi ki roto i te kiri, ka uru hohonu ki roto i te uma. Hei tauira:

• Ko ngā patunga wero he patunga i puta mai i tētahi patu koi, pērā i te maripi.
• Ngā pupuhi pū.

I roto i tēnei momo aituā, ka pakaru ngā oko toto e karapoti ana i ngā pukahukahu, ka kohikohi te toto me te wai ki roto i te kiko o te pukahukahu.

Ko wai te mea tino mōrearea?

Ina hoki, ko te hunga kua whara i te uma, kei te tūpono ki te whakawhanake i te pulmonary embolism. Heoi, he nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā tamariki nohinohi ki te whakawhanake i ngā raruraru nui mai i tēnei mate.

Whakaarohia, kāore i te tino kaha ngā wheua uma o ngā tamariki nohinohi, ā, he tino ngāwari hoki ō rātou uma. Nō reira, ahakoa he iti noa te pānga, ka taea e te pānga te haere tika ki ngā pukahukahu. Pērā i te wā e pā ana koe ki tētahi poihau kī tonu i te wai, ka uru katoa te ru. Nā te mea he kaha ake te uma o ngā pakeke, ka tiakina ngā pukahukahu ki tētahi taumata. Engari kāore i te tamariki tēnā. Nō reira, ki te whara te uma o te tamaiti, me tino tupato koe.

He aha ngā raruraru ka pā mai i tēnei?

Ehara i te mea ngāwari te whara o te pūkahukahu. Ka taea e ia te arahi ki ngā raruraru kino, tae atu ki te mate. Koia te mea nui kia rapua wawetia te rongoā.

Ko ngā raruraru matua ka puta ko:

• Pūkahukahu: Ina whara te pūkahukahu, ka kohia te toto me te wai ki te wāhi, ka hanga he taiao pai mō te tipu o ngā iroriki. Ka arahi pea tēnei ki te mate i roto i ngā pūkahukahu, e kiia nei ko te pūkahukahu.
• Te Mate Pōuri Manawa Whakapeka (ARDS): He mate tino kino tēnei. Ina tino pakaru ngā pukahukahu, ka tino uaua te manawa. Kāore e taea e ngā pukahukahu te mimiti tika i te hāora ki roto i te toto. Me rongoā tonu tēnei.
• Te korenga o te hāora e tae atu ana ki ngā kiko o te tinana. Ka puta tēnei āhuatanga ina pakaru ngā pukahukahu, ā, ka kore e taea te whakawhiti tika i te hāora.
• Te Hypercapnia me te Acidosis Manawa: Koinei ngā āhuatanga ka puta ina nui haere te nui o te hauhā waro i roto i te toto. Ka puta tēnei ina kore e taea e ngā pukahukahu te whakaputa tika i te hauhā waro.

Hei karo i ēnei raruraru, he mea tino nui kia rapua tonutia he maimoatanga mō te whara o te pukahukahu, me te whai i ngā tohutohu a te tākuta.

Me pēhea te kite a ngā tākuta i tēnei?

Ina haere koe ki te hōhipera me te whara o te uma, ka pātai tuatahi ngā tākuta ki a koe mō te āhua o te whara me ngā tohu e pā ana ki a koe. Kātahi, hei whakatau mēnā he whara tō pūkahukahu, ka tangohia e rātou he whakaahua ('whakaahua') o ō pūkahukahu. Ko ngā tikanga matua e whakamahia ana mō tēnei ko:

• X-ray o te uma: Ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakatau mēnā he marō, he wai rānei kei roto i ngā pukahukahu.
• Te oro-whakaata o te uma: Ko tētahi atu tikanga tēnei e whakamahia ana hei tirotiro i te āhua o ngā pukahukahu.
• Matawai CT (`Matawai CT` - `Matawai Tomography Rorohiko`): Ka taea e tēnei te tango pikitia mārama ake, taipitopito ake i te hihi-X. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te kite i te nui o te kino kua pā ki ngā pukahukahu, te rahi o te marutanga, me ētahi atu.

I runga i ngā mōhiohio mai i ēnei whakamātautau, ka whakatauhia e ngā tākuta mēnā he whara tō pukahukahu, me te kaha o tōna kino.

He aha ngā maimoatanga?

Kāore he rongoā motuhake mō te whara. He rite ki te tatari kia ora ake te peka i maru. Heoi, nā te mea he kino tēnei ki ngā pukahukahu, ka atawhai ngā tākuta i a koe kia pai te tiaki i a koe kia ora rā anō, kia ārai i ngā raruraru pea, kia pai ake ai tō noho. Ka kiia tēnei he "manaaki tautoko" .

Anei ētahi o ngā maimoatanga e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta mō tēnei:

• Whakaora hāora: Mena he uaua ki te manawa, he iti rānei te taumata hāora i roto i tō toto, ka hoatu he hāora ki a koe.
• Te hoatu rongoā whakamamae: Ka hoatu he rongoā hei whakaiti i te mamae o te uma. Ina heke te mamae, ka māmā ake te manawa hōhonu me te maremare.
• Te akuaku o te pūkahukahu:He mea tino nui tēnei. Ina whara ngā pukahukahu, ka nui haere te hūpē i roto. Ki te kore e tukuna tēnei hūpē, ka pāngia koe e ngā mate, pērā i te niumōnia. Nō reira, ka akiakihia koe e ngā tākuta me ngā nēhi kia manawa hōhonu, kia maremare nui hoki. Tērā pea ka hoatu e rātou he taputapu iti hei āwhina i a koe, ka haere mai rānei he nēhi ki te papaki i tō tuara hei āwhina i te wetewete i te hūpē.
• Te rerenga wai: Mena he nui te wai kua kohia ki te taha o ngā pukahukahu, ā, he uaua ki te manawa, me whakauru pea he ngongo iti hei tango i te wai.
• Pokanga hei whakatika i te kino: Mena he kino nui ki ngā pukahukahu, ki ētahi atu wāhanga rānei o te uma, me pokanga pea hei whakatika.
• Te whakapūngao manawa ā-ringa: Mena he tino kino tō mate, kāore e taea e koe te manawa ko koe anake, me hono pea koe ki tētahi mīhini hei manawa. I te nuinga o te wā ka mahia tēnei i roto i te wāhanga tiaki nui.

Ka mahia ēnei mea katoa hei āwhina i tō tinana i te wā e ora haere ana ōu pukahukahu.

Kia pēhea te roa o te wā e ora ai?

Ko te tikanga ka roa pea te wiki e ora ai te whara o te pūkahukahu. Heoi, i runga i te kaha o te whara, me noho pea koe ki te hōhipera mō te wā roa. Tērā pea ka hiahiatia he pokanga mō ētahi tāngata hei whakatika i ngā pakaru o ō rātou pūkahukahu, o ō rātou uma rānei.

Tata ki te 20% o te hunga e pāngia ana e te whara o te pūkahukahu ka pāngia e te niumōnia. Nō reira, he mea tino nui kia mau tonu te akuaku o ngā pūkahukahu, arā, me maremare me te manawa hōhonu. E ai ki ngā tākuta, ki te mahi koe i ēnei mea, ka taea e koe te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru.

He aha ngā pānga mō te wā roa?

Ahakoa kua ora te whara o te pūkahukahu, tera pea ētahi tāngata ka ngoikore te mahi a te pūkahukahu mō ngā tau. Ka uaua pea te manawa, inā koa i te wā e whakakorikori tinana ana. Hei tāpiri, ka puta he whara (`(Fibrosis)`) i roto i ngā pūkahukahu i ētahi wā. Ka taea e tēnei whara te whakaiti i te ngāwari o ngā pūkahukahu, me te whakaiti i te whai huatanga o te manawa.

He pēhea te tere o te mate?

He uaua ki te kī tika i te nui o te mate o te whara o te pūkahukahu. Nā te mea ka pā mai ētahi atu whara me tēnei mate. Heoi, kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau kei waenganui i te 14% me te 40% . E whakaatu ana tēnei i te kino o tēnei mate. Koia te mea he mea nui te rapu awhina hauora tere.

Ka taea te ārai?

Ko te huarahi anake hei ārai i te whara o te pūkahukahu ko te karo i te whara o te uma. Anei ētahi mea ka taea e tātou katoa te mahi hei āwhina:

• Me mau tonu te whitiki nohoanga i a koe e eke ana i roto i te waka. He mea pai kia mau te whitiki nohoanga i roto i te motuka, engari me mau anō hoki i mua i te motuka wira-toru mēnā ka taea. Waihoki, i te wā e kawe ana i ngā tamariki nohinohi i roto i ngā waka, whakamahia ngā nohoanga motuka tamariki e tika ana mō rātou.
• I te wā e taraiwa ana, me taraiwa marie, me te āta hoki.Ko te mea pai rawa atu ko te ārai i ngā aituā.
• Me mau ngā taputapu tiaki i te wā e mahi ana, e tākaro ana rānei i ngā hākinakina i ngā teitei. Hei tauira, me mau ngā tāngata e mahi ana i te umanga hanga i ngā kākahu tiaki e hipoki ana i te uma.
• Whakaarohia hoki te haumaru i te kāinga. Kia tūpato i te hiki me te amo i ngā mea taumaha.

Ahakoa ngā mea māmā pēnei, ka taea te ārai i tētahi aituā nui.

Āhea koe me rapu tohutohu hauora tere? (Āhea koe me haere ki te ER?)

Ki te whara tō uma, haere tonu ki te rūma whawhati tata (ER). Ahakoa kāore koe e mamae i taua wā, tera pea he whara o roto. Nō reira, he pai ake kia tirohia koe e te tākuta.

Ina koa, ki te pāngia koe e ēnei tohu, waea atu ki te 1990 Suwaseriya Ambulance Service tonu atu, haere rānei ki te hōhipera i te wā e taea ai:

• Te mamae nui o te uma.
• Te uaua ki te manawa.
• Ki te kikorangi tō kiri, ngutu, whao rānei (ko te tikanga tēnei kāore tō tinana e whiwhi ana i te nui o te hāora).
• Pōuriuri (mēnā he rite ki te pōuriuri).

Ki te pā mai tētahi o ēnei tohu ki a koe, kaua e warewarehia. Mā te tere o tō rapunga maimoatanga, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka kore e pāngia koe e ngā raruraru nui, ā, ka tere hoki tō ora.

He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu koe ki te tākuta?

Mena kei a koe, kei tētahi atu rānei e mōhio ana koe, tēnei mate, he pai pea te pātai atu ki tō tākuta i ēnei pātai:

• He aha ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga kei a au?
• Me pēhea taku tiaki i a au anō i muri i taku hokinga ki te kāinga? (hei tauira, he aha te momo mahi ka taea e au te mahi, me ngā mea kāore e tika kia mahia e au?)
• He aha ngā tohu me tirotiro e au i muri i taku hokinga ki te kāinga? (Me kite au i te tākuta mō te aha?)
• Āhea ahau me hoki mai ki te kite i te tākuta? (Wāhi tirotiro whai muri)

Haunga ēnei pātai, kaua e mangere ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ō feaa, ō wehi rānei.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

He mate hauora kino te whara o te pūkahukahu, he mate morearea hoki. Ina pāngia koe e te whara o te uma, ina pāngia rānei koe e te aituā motuka, tērā pea kāore koe e kite i tētahi patunga nui i waho, engari tērā pea he whara o roto kāore e kitea.

Nō reira, ki te mea he raruraru ōu uma, he mea whakaaro nui kia kite i te tākuta, kia tirohia hoki koe, ahakoa kei te pai koe i taua wā.

Ina koa mēnā ka tīmata koe ki te pāngia e ngā tohu kino pēnei i te mamae o te uma, te uaua rānei o te manawa, kaua e warewarehia, engari me rapu tohutohu hauora tonu. Pērā ai, ka taea e ngā tākuta te tātaritanga tere i te raruraru, te tīmata i te maimoatanga e hiahiatia ana e koe, ā, ka ora koe me te kore he raruraru nui. Ka tirotirohia koe e rātou, ka āwhina i a koe kia tau tō āhua tae noa ki te wā e ora ai koe. He mea nui tō hauora ki a koe, nō reira kia tiakina!

` Te whara o te pūkahukahu, te whara o te pūkahukahu, ngā whara o te uma, te uaua ki te manawa, te mare, te mamae o te uma, ngā aituā waka