He mea māmā noa iho te manawa me te whakaputa manawa, ā, he mea noa iho e pā ana ki a tātou. Engari i ētahi wā ka pāngia tātou e ngā mea pēnei i te maremare tonu, te wheezing, me te kikī o te uma. He tohu ēnei o tētahi mate pūkahukahu onge e kino ake ana i te makariri noa, engari kāore anō kia rangona e te tini tāngata. He onge te kōrero mō ēnei. Nō reira, i tēnei rā kei te kōrero tātou mō ētahi mate pūkahukahu onge me mōhio tātou.
He aha ēnei mate pūkahukahu onge?
He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, he mate kino, he mate mau tonu ngā mate pūkahukahu onge e pāngia ana e te tokoiti noa iho o te tangata. Ko ngā pūkahukahu te okana matua o tō tātou pūnaha manawa. Ina manawa tātou, ka tāpirihia te hāora i te hau ki te toto, ā, ka tukuna te hauhā waro i roto i te toto ki roto i ngā pūkahukahu. Nō reira, ka whakararuraru ēnei mate onge i tēnei tukanga nui i roto i ngā pūkahukahu.
Kua kitea e ngā tākuta ngā rau o ngā mate pūkahukahu onge. Ka kino haere ēnei mate i te roanga o te wā. Ka taea e ētahi te whakamate i te ora. Ko te mea pouri , kāore he rongoā mō te nuinga o ēnei mate. Heoi, kei reira ngā maimoatanga hei whakahaere i ngā tohu me te whakaroa i te haere whakamua o te mate. Tērā pea ka hiahiatia he whakawhitinga pūkahukahu hei huarahi whakamutunga mō ētahi tāngata.
He aha ngā mate pūkahukahu onge e tino kitea ana?
He maha ngā momo mate onge e pā ana ki ngā pukahukahu. Me titiro taipitopito tātou ki ētahi o aua mate i roto i tētahi ripanga. Mā tēnei koe e āwhina kia mārama ake ai ki ēnei mate.
| Ingoa Mate | Hei whakarāpopototanga, koinei te mea ka tupu. | Ngā tikanga maimoatanga |
|---|---|---|
| Te ngoikore o te Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AATD) | He iti iho ngā taumata o te AAT, he pūmua e hangaia ana e te ate, i roto i te toto. Ka piki ake te mōrearea o te whakawhanake i ngā mate pūkahukahu me te ate (hei tauira, te COPD, te cirrhosis). | Te whakaora i te tinana, ngā rongoā, te whakaora hāora, te whakaora i ngā pūkahukahu, te whakawhitinga pūkahukahu. |
| Te Pūnaha Pūkahukahu (CF) | He mate ira tēnei. Ka puea ake he hūpē matotoru, piripono i roto i ngā whekau pēnei i te pukahukahu me te repeure. | Te rongoā whakaiti i te pupuhi o te ara manawa, ngā paturopi, ngā rongoā ārai-mumura, te whakawhitinga pukahukahu. |
| Te toto toto tiketike o te pūkahukahu (PAH) | Ka matotoru, ka whaiti hoki ngā oko toto (ngā uaua) i roto i ngā pukahukahu, ka aukati i te rere o te toto, ka piki ake hoki te toto i roto i ngā pukahukahu. | Ka rerekē te maimoatanga i runga i te pūtake o tēnei mate. Ko te rongoā te kaupapa matua. |
| Ngā Mate Pūkahukahu Interstitial - He rōpū mate e kino ai te kiko o te pūkahukahu | ||
| Te Pūkahukahu Pūkahukore Idiopathic (IPF) | Kāore i te mōhiotia te tino take. Ka mātotoru, ka whakapakeke te kiko o te pukahukahu, ā, ka puta he whara. | Ngā rongoā hei whakahaere i te horapa o te mate, te whakaora hāora, ngā whakawhitinga pukahukahu. |
| Te Pūngāwerewere Taikaha (HP) | Ka taea e ngā mate pāwera e puta mai ana i te hongi i ngā mea o te taiao (hae, huakita, matū) te whakamumura me te hanga kohao ki ngā pukahukahu. | Ngā corticosteroids, ngā rongoā ārai mate, te rongoā hāora. |
| Te Sarcoidosis | Ka puta ngā puku iti (granulomas) i roto i ngā pukahukahu. Kāore i te mārama te pūtake tuturu. | Ngā corticosteroids, ngā rongoā ārai matepukupuku, ngā rongoā malaria. |
He aha i huaina ai tēnei ko te mate pūkahukahu "pani"?
Ahakoa he ingoa tauhou tēnei, he kōrero nui kei muri. Ka kiia hoki ēnei mate ko ngā "Orphan Lung Diseases". Ko te take o tēnei, he rite te hunga whai mate nei ki te "mokemoke" i roto i te ao hauora. Whakaarohia, nā te mea he tino onge ēnei mate, he uaua ki te kimi tākuta hei tātaritanga tika me te rongoā i a rātou. Waihoki, he iti noa ngā rangahau e mahia ana mō ēnei. Nō reira, ka waiho ēnei tūroro me ō rātou whānau ki roto i te kore āwhina nui.
He aha ngā pūtake o ēnei mate pūkahukahu onge?
Kāore he take kotahi mō ēnei mate. He maha ngā āhuatanga rerekē e whai wāhi ana ki ēnei.
- Ngā take ira: Ko ētahi mate, pērā i te cystic fibrosis, ka tukuna iho i ngā mātua ki ngā tamariki mā roto i ngā ira. Tērā pea ka kitea tēnei mate i te whānautanga mai.
- Ngā āhuatanga taiao: Ka taea hoki ēnei te puta mai i ngā mea o te hau e manawahia ana e tātou. Hei tauira, te manawa roa o te asbestos, te puehu waro, te paru manu, te harore, te paoa hikareti, me ētahi atu matū rānei.
- Ngā mate urutā: Ka taea hoki tēnei te puta mai i ētahi mate kitakita, huaketo, harore rānei.
- Ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora: Ka taea hoki e ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate, arā, ko te pūnaha ārai mate o te tinana te whakaeke i tōna ake tinana, te whakararu i ngā pukahukahu. Hei tauira, ko te mate rumatiki me te mate lupus.
- Ngā Take Kāore i te Mōhiotia (Idiopathic): Ko ētahi mate, hei tauira ko te idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), he tino kino rawa atu, kāore tonu ngā tākuta e mōhio he aha i puta ai.
Ko te mea nui, kāore ēnei mate e horapa. Arā, kāore e taea te horapa mai i tētahi tangata ki tētahi atu.
He aha ngā tohu noa o ēnei mate?
Ahakoa he rerekē ngā tohu i runga i te mate, he maha ngā āhuatanga noa o ēnei mate pūkahukahu onge. Mēnā kei a koe tētahi o ēnei tohu, he mea nui kia āwangawanga koe.
- Maremare pumau: He maremare maroke, he maremare pūkahukahu rānei e roa ana mō ngā wiki, mō ngā marama rānei.
- Te poto o te manawa (dyspnea): Te poto o te manawa, inā koa i te wā e whakakorikori tinana ana, e hikoi ana, e piki arawhata ana rānei. I roto i te wā, ka puta te poto o te manawa ina tū noa koe.
- Mamae o te uma: Te kikī tonu o te uma, te mamae rānei.
- Ngā oro rerekē i te manawa: He "chirchir" he oro whiowhio rānei e puta mai ana i te uma (wheezing).
- Ngā mate pāwera o te uma: Mena he maha ngā mate e pāngia ana e koe pērā i te bronchitis, te niumōnia rānei.
- Ngenge: Te tino ngenge, kāore he take.
- Te whakahekenga taumaha:Te whakaiti i te taumaha me te kore e ngana ki te whakaiti i te taumaha.
Ehara i te mea he mate pūkahukahu onge tō te katoa e pāngia ana e ēnei tohu. Heoi, ki te mau tonu ēnei tohu, he mea nui kia toro atu ki te tākuta mō ētahi tohutohu.
Me pēhea te tautuhi i ēnei mate?
Ina haere koe ki te tākuta, ka pātai atu ia ki a koe mō ō tohumate, mēnā kei roto i tō whānau tēnei mate, me tō taiao mahi. Kātahi ka whakahau pea ia i ētahi whakamātautau hei tātaritanga i te mate.
| Ingoa o te whakamātautau | He aha tāu e mahi ai ki tēnei? |
|---|---|
| Ngā Whakamātautau Toto | Tirohia mēnā he mate hauora kē atu, me ngā take ira. |
| Ngā Whakamātautau Whakaahua | Ka mahia he hihi-X o te uma, he matawai CT rānei hei tirotiro mēnā he koha, he rerekētanga rānei kei roto i ngā pukahukahu. |
| Ngā Whakamātautau Mahi a te Pūkahukahu | Ka ine i te pai o te manawa me te manawa o ō pūkahukahu ki roto, ki waho hoki. |
| Pūnaha tirotiro kanohi | Ka tukuna he ngongo angiangi me te kāmera e piri ana ki roto i te ara manawa hei tirotiro i roto i ngā pukahukahu. I ētahi wā ka tangohia pea he wahi kiko (koiora) hei tirotiro. |
| Te Kohikohi Pūkahukahu | Ka tika te tautuhi i te mate mā te tango pokanga i tētahi wahi iti o te kiko mai i te pukahukahu, kātahi ka tirotirohia i raro i te karu hiko. |
Mena ka mau tonu ō tohu, he pai ake te toro atu ki tētahi tākuta manawa , me tō tākuta whānui anō hoki.
Me pēhea te whakahaere me te rongoā?
E ai ki tā mātou i kōrero ai i mua, kāore he rongoā katoa mō te nuinga o ēnei mate. Heoi, he maha ngā maimoatanga hei āwhina i te whakahaere i ngā tohu, hei whakaroa i te whanaketanga o te mate, hei whakangawari ake hoki i te oranga.
He rerekē ngā tikanga maimoatanga i ia tūroro ki ia tūroro, i ia mate hoki ki ia mate.
- Ngā Rongoā: Ka whakamahia ngā momo rongoā maha, pērā i ngā corticosteroids hei whakaiti i te mumura, ngā rongoā hei whakahaere i te pūnaha ārai mate, me ngā paturopi.
- Whakaora Hāora: Mō te hunga he iti te taumata hāora i roto i te toto, ka tukuna he hāora tāpiri mā roto i te ngongo ihu, i te waha rānei. Ka whakaitihia ngā uauatanga manawa, ka whakapai ake hoki i te kounga o te oranga.
- Te Whakaora i ngā Pūkahukahu: He kaupapa motuhake tēnei e uru ana ki te whakakori tinana, te kai tika, te mātauranga mō te mate, me te tohutohu. Ka whakapai ake tēnei i te kaha tinana me te hinengaro o te tūroro.
- Te Whakatō Pūkahukahu: Koinei pea anake te kōwhiringa mō ngā tūroro kei roto i te āhua kino, ā, kāore e taea te whakahaere e tētahi atu maimoatanga.
Ka taea e au te ārai i ēnei mate?
Kāore e taea e tātou te ārai i ngā mate ira. Heoi anō, kei reira ētahi mea ka taea e tātou te mahi hei whakaiti i te mōrearea o ētahi atu mate:
- Āta karohia te momi hikareti.
- Mena kei te mahi koe i tētahi taiao kei reira ngā matū kino pēnei i ngā matū, i te puehu rānei, mauria he manawa e tika ana .
Mena kei roto i tō whānau tētahi mate pūkahukahu ira, kōrero ki tō tākuta mō te tiki tohutohu ira i mua i te whānau tamariki.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He mate kino ngā mate pūkahukahu onge, he mate mō te wā roa, ka kino haere pea i roto i te wā.
- Ki te pā mai ngā tohu pēnei i te maremare tonu, te whewhe, te mamae rānei o te uma, kaua e warewarehia, engari me toro atu ki te tākuta. Ko te wawe o te tautuhi i te mate, ko te tūponotanga ka angitu te maimoatanga.
- Ahakoa kāore he rongoā katoa mō te nuinga o ēnei mate, kei reira ngā maimoatanga hei whakahaere i ngā tohu, hei whakamāmā ake i te oranga, hei whakaroa ake hoki i te roanga o te oranga.
- Mena kei a koe, kei tētahi rānei e tata ana ki a koe tēnei mate, kaua e ngakaukore. Mā te maimoatanga hauora me te tautoko tika, ka taea e koe te ora i tētahi oranga pai ake.
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