ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ‘ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ?
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ . ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯧꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯱꯰꯰꯰ꯗꯒꯤ ꯴꯵꯰꯰ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯖꯤꯅꯦꯇꯤꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯦꯂꯞ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ?
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯞ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ: 1. ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ ꯗꯤꯇꯥꯔꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ: ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯃꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ X ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯖꯣꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ X ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ Y ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯖꯣꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯗꯒꯤ X ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯗꯒꯤ X ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ (XX) ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯃꯆꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯗꯒꯤ X ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯗꯒꯤ Y ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ (XY) ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯃꯆꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯏ꯫ 2. ꯒꯣꯅꯥꯗ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ: ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯒꯣꯅꯥꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯋꯦꯠ (ovaries) ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯁ (testies) ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ 3. ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯦꯂꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ: ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯒꯣꯅꯥꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯗꯤꯚꯦꯂꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ (DSD), ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ‘ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ’ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯑꯦꯟꯖꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯥ-ꯃꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯖꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫‘ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ’ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯖꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫꯴꯶ XX ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯗꯤ.(ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯖꯣꯝ ꯄꯦꯇꯔꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯗꯤ.)
ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯀꯑꯥꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ (XX) ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯑꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯎꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯂꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯨꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯗꯤꯚꯦꯂꯞ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯦꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡ)ꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ‘ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯅꯜ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯞꯂꯥꯁꯤꯌꯥ’ (CAH) ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯅꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯜꯌꯥꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯅꯤ꯫꯴꯶ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ.ꯋꯥꯏ.ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯗꯤ.(ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯖꯣꯝ ꯄꯦꯇꯔꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯗꯤ.)
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯀꯑꯥꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ (XY)ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯜ (ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯁ) ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:- ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯦꯂꯞ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫
- ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯟ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫
- ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯣꯟ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫
ꯒꯣꯅꯥꯗꯥꯜ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯔꯦꯟꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯒꯣꯅꯥꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯑꯣꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫- ꯃꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯒꯣꯅꯥꯗꯥꯜ ꯗꯤꯁꯖꯦꯅꯦꯁꯤꯁ (Mixed Gonadal Disgenesis): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯒꯣꯅꯥꯗꯁꯤꯡ (ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯋꯦꯠ ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫
- ꯄꯥꯔꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯒꯣꯅꯥꯗꯥꯜ ꯗꯤꯁꯖꯦꯅꯦꯁꯤꯁ (partial Gonadal Disgenesis): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯒꯣꯅꯥꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯜ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ꯫
- ꯒꯣꯅꯥꯗ ꯗꯤꯁꯖꯦꯅꯦꯁꯤꯁ: ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯒꯣꯅꯥꯗ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯥꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯑꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫
ꯑꯣꯚꯣꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯗꯤ.(ꯑꯣꯚꯝ-ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯗꯤ.)
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯒꯣꯅꯥꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯕꯦꯔꯤꯌꯟ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ, ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯑꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫‘ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯒꯦ?
ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯖꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ꯫ ꯖꯤꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ (XX ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯖꯣꯝ) ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:- ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯇꯣꯔꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯨꯏꯁ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
- ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯜ ꯑꯣꯄꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯣꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯚꯦꯖꯤꯅꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
- ꯂꯦꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯣꯇꯝ (scrotum) ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
- ꯂꯦꯕꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯆꯦ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯂꯤꯉ꯭ꯒ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯨꯏꯁ (micropenis) ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
- ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯜ ꯑꯣꯄꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯤꯞ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯣꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ (ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ‘ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯁ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ)꯫
- ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯣꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯕꯤꯌꯥꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
- ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯄꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯣꯇꯝ ( unddescended testicles )ꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯔꯣꯏ꯫
‘ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ’ꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯑꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯛꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ:- ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯃꯆꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯀꯥꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯎꯔꯦꯊ꯭ꯔꯥꯜ ꯑꯣꯄꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?
ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯏ . ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯦꯜ-ꯆꯥꯏꯜꯗ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯃꯆꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯃꯆꯥꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯆꯦꯀꯑꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:- ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ: ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯖꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ, ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯥꯏ.(ꯃꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯔꯤꯖꯣꯅꯦꯟꯁ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯤꯡ) ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯞꯁꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ (Biopsy or Laparoscopy): ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯒꯣꯅꯥꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ꯫
‘ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ’ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯦ?
ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯍꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯗꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯇꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯦꯁꯥꯏꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯜꯇꯤꯗꯤꯁꯤꯞꯂꯤꯅꯔꯤ ꯇꯤꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯔꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇꯤꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ:- ꯅꯤꯑꯣꯅꯦꯇꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ꯫
- ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯑꯦꯅꯗꯣꯛꯔꯤꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ꯫
- ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ꯫
- ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯂꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯁꯤꯡ꯫
- ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯟ ꯔꯤꯞꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ (HRT): ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯟ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯔꯤꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ-ꯋꯥꯇꯥꯏ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ‘ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ’ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯔꯤꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯃꯥ-ꯃꯄꯥ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯌꯥꯃꯈꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯕꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯔꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯦꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ‘ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ’ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ‘ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ’ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯅꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯉ-ꯑꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ‘ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ’ꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯒꯤ ‘ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ’ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯥꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯟꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:- ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
- ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
- ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯁꯦꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?
- ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ?
- ‘ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ’ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ-ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯨꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?
ꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ, ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ:- ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯅꯜ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯞꯂꯥꯁꯤꯌꯥ (CAH)ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯃꯆꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯌꯥꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯃꯆꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
- ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯑꯣꯜ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯚꯣꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯗꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯗꯤꯁꯖꯦꯅꯦꯁꯤꯁ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯏꯎꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯞꯂꯥꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯗꯒꯦ (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯧꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ‘ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ’ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ-ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ, ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ-ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ, ꯏꯊꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯁꯨ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯈꯣꯡꯆꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯝ ꯈꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ, ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯄꯤꯔꯒꯅꯤ꯫
`ꯑꯦꯇꯤꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ, ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯤꯒ꯭ꯌꯁ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ, ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯗꯤ., ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯜ, ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯟ, ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯖꯣꯝ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ, ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯅꯜ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯞꯂꯥꯁꯤꯌꯥ, ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯚꯦꯂꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ꯫
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