Kodi nthawi zambiri mumamva chonchi? "O, sindikufuna kuyambitsa ntchitoyi," "Kaya ndiyesetsa bwanji, sindingathe kulinganiza zinthu," "Chifukwa chiyani sindingathe kuyang'ana pa chinthu chimodzi?" Mwina anzanu ndi achibale anu akukuuzani kuti "phunzirani kugwiritsa ntchito bwino nthawi yanu." Koma ngakhale mutayesetsa bwanji, zinthu sizikuyenda bwino. Ngati mukukhala ndi mavuto amtunduwu muubwana wanu, mwina sizingakhale chifukwa chakuti ndinu waulesi kapena wofooka. Chifukwa chake chingakhale chakuti muli ndi vuto lotchedwa Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) lomwe simukudziwa kuti muli nalo.
Ngakhale nthawi zambiri timalankhula za vuto ili lotchedwa ADHD poyerekeza ndi ana aang'ono, pali nthawi zina pomwe limatha kupezeka ali aang'ono, kutanthauza kuti, atakwanitsa zaka 18. Pali anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi zizindikiro kuyambira ali ana, koma sazizindikira kuti ndi ADHD mpaka ali aang'ono. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi molondola komanso mosavuta lero.
Kodi mumazindikira bwanji ADHD muli wachinyamata?
Ana aang'ono akakhala ndi ADHD, amakhala osokonezeka kwambiri ndipo sangakhale pamalo amodzi. Koma wachinyamata akakhala ndi ADHD, kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso kumeneku sikungawonekere mofanana. M'malo mwake, pamakhala mtundu wina wa kusakhazikika. Kumva ngati ali ndi kuthamanga, komanso kuvutika kukhala chete ndikugwira ntchito, ndi komwe kumachitika kawirikawiri.
Tangoganizani kuti ndinu wophunzira kusukulu. Simungayambe ndi kumaliza ntchito yanu pa nthawi yake monga anzanu ena. Nthawi zonse mumachedwetsa mpaka mphindi yomaliza. Kenako mumakhala maso usiku wonse mukuyesera kuimaliza. Kapena taganizirani kuti mwangoyamba kumene ntchito yatsopano. Mwayiwala kufika pamsonkhano pa nthawi yake, ndipo bwana wanu akukudzudzulani chifukwa chosakonzekera bwino. Izi si zinthu zachisawawa chabe. Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za ADHD .
Onani tebulo ili m'munsimu kuti muwone ngati makhalidwe amenewa akukugwirani ntchito.
| Zizindikiro zofala za ADHD | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Kuvuta kuyang'ana kwambiri | Ukamagwira ntchito, sungathe kusunga maganizo ako pamalo amodzi, ndipo ngakhale chinthu chaching'ono kwambiri chingakusokoneze. |
| Kulamulira kwa chikoka | Timachita zinthu ndipo timalankhula zinthu mopupuluma popanda kuganiza. Timamva chisoni pambuyo pake. |
| Kusowa kwa dongosolo | Sikuti patebulo ndi m'chipinda chokha, komanso chilichonse m'mutu mwanga chimamveka ngati chisokonezo. |
| Kulephera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi moyenera | Amazengereza, sangamalize zinthu pa nthawi yake, ndipo amachedwa kuchita chilichonse. |
| Kusakhazikika | N'zovuta kukhala pamalo amodzi. Nthawi zonse ndimakhala ndikusinthasintha ndi kupanga phokoso ndi cholembera changa. |
| Kukhumudwa/Kusinthasintha kwa maganizo | Ndimavutika maganizo komanso kukwiya ngakhale pa zinthu zazing'ono. N'zovuta kulamulira maganizo anga. |
| Kuvuta kumaliza ntchito akangoyamba | Zinthu zambiri zimayambitsidwa nthawi imodzi, koma palibe chomwe chimatha bwino. |
Makhalidwe amenewa angakhudze kwambiri maphunziro anu, ntchito yanu, mabwenzi anu, ndi maubwenzi anu.
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati muli ndi ADHD?
Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi zizindikiro izi, chinthu chabwino kuchita ndikupita kwa dokotala, makamaka katswiri wa matenda amisala. Musangoganiza kuti, "Ndi ine ndekha." Dokotala adzakuyang'anirani ndikukupatsani matenda enieni.
Kawirikawiri, mayeso angapo amachitidwa pa izi.
- Kuwunika thupi: Yang'anani ngati zizindikirozi zayamba chifukwa cha matenda ena.
- Kulankhula za mbiri yanu yachipatala: Adzakambirana za zinthu monga machitidwe anu kuyambira muli ana komanso ngati pali aliyense m'banja mwanu amene wakhala ndi matenda ofanana ndi anu.
- Mayeso a zamaganizo ndi masikelo a ADHD: Mafunso ndi mayeso apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti amvetsetse kuzama kwa zizindikiro zanu.
Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya ADHD. Dokotala wanu adzasankha mtundu womwe mukugweramo kutengera zizindikiro zanu.
| Mtundu wa ADHD | Kodi chikuchitika ndi chiyani apa? |
|---|---|
| Mtundu Wosachita Zinthu Mopitirira Muyeso | Mtundu uwu ndi wosafala kwambiri. Umadziwika kwambiri ndi kusakhazikika maganizo komanso chizolowezi chochita zinthu mosaganiza. |
| Mtundu Wosasamalira | Palibe kugwedezeka kwambiri apa, koma n'kovuta kwambiri kukhalabe okhazikika, kukumbukira zinthu, ndikukonzekera ntchito. Anthu awa amatchedwa "kukhala m'dziko la malingaliro." |
| Mtundu Wophatikizana | Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri. Uli ndi makhalidwe ofanana ndi mitundu yonse iwiri yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa. |
Nthawi zina, anthu omwe amaonedwa kuti ndi " ogwira ntchito bwino," zomwe zikutanthauza kuti akhala moyo wabwinobwino popanda mavuto akulu, amapezeka ndi ADHD mochedwa. Chifukwa chakuti mosadziwa adapeza njira zokhalira ndi zizindikirozi. Koma mkati mwa mtima wawo, mwina akuvutika.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo ngati sanachiritsidwe
ADHD si vuto lokhalo lofuna kusamala. Ngati silichiritsidwa, lingayambitse mavuto ambiri m'miyoyo ya achinyamata. Kuyambira kusukulu, kupeza ntchito yanu yoyamba, kubwereka nyumba yanu yoyamba, ndi chilichonse m'moyo wa "akuluakulu" kumafuna zinthu muubongo wathu zotchedwa luso logwira ntchito . Izi zikutanthauza zinthu monga kukonzekera, kudziletsa, kusamalira nthawi, ndi kukumbukira. Ndi maluso awa omwe anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD amakhala ndi mavuto ambiri.
Ngati sanalandire chithandizo,
- Mavuto azachuma amayamba.
- Kukumana ndi mavuto ndi lamulo
- Sinthani ntchito pafupipafupi, tayikani
- Khalani ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa
- Ngozi zapagalimoto zomwe zimachitika pafupipafupi
- Mavuto amayamba m'maubwenzi.
- Pali kuthekera kokhala ndi chithunzi choipa cha inu mwini ndi mavuto ena amisala.
Monga momwe katswiri wina ananenera, "Mukakhala motere moyo wanu wonse, mumayamba kuganiza kuti, 'Ndili ine, ndili momwemo.' Kwenikweni, si inu. Ndi vuto lanu. Chithandizo ndi chodzipatula ku vutolo."
Mukalandira thandizo loyenera, mudzazindikira kuti, "Ndingachite zambiri bwanji?" Ndipo kudzidalira kwanu kudzawonjezeka.
Kodi mankhwala a ADHD ndi ati?
Ngati mwapezeka ndi ADHD, dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani njira zochiritsira. Ndibwino kuwerenga nkhaniyi musanayambe kulandira chithandizo. Izi zikuthandizani kumvetsetsa chomwe chili, chomwe chimagwira ntchito ku mankhwala a muubongo, komanso zomwe mankhwalawo amachita.
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochizira:
1. Mankhwala: Mankhwala amaperekedwa kuti athandize kulinganiza mankhwala enaake (ma neurotransmitters) muubongo. Izi zitha kukhala zolimbikitsa (monga Methylphenidate (Concerta, Ritalin)) kapena zosalimbikitsa. Zingatenge nthawi kuti mupeze mankhwala oyenera komanso mlingo woyenera kwa inu. Muyenera kugwira ntchito ndi dokotala wanu kuti mupeze woyenera kwa inu.
2. Uphungu ndi Chithandizo cha Khalidwe: Zizindikiro zikatha kuthetsedwa ndi mankhwala, uphungu ndi wofunika kwambiri kuti munthu akhale ndi luso lopangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta.
- Chithandizo cha Maganizo (CBT): Ichi ndi chithandizo chothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD. Chimakuphunzitsani kusintha momwe mumaganizira komanso kulamulira khalidwe lanu.
- Chithandizo cha Banja: Izi zimathandiza inu ndi banja lanu kumvetsetsa ADHD ndikuthandizirana kukhala ndi vutoli.
Zinthu zosavuta zomwe zingathandize moyo kukhala wosavuta ndi ADHD
Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala ndi uphungu, palinso zizolowezi zosavuta zomwe mungazigwiritse ntchito pa moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku zomwe zingathandize kwambiri pothana ndi zizindikiro zanu.
- Lembani chilichonse: Khalani "wopanga mndandanda." Lembani chilichonse chomwe muyenera kuchita, zinthu zomwe muyenera kugula, mu notebook kapena mu pulogalamu yolembera makalata pafoni yanu.
- Gwiritsani ntchito zokumbutsa zinthu: Lembani zinthu zofunika pa zolemba zomata ndipo muziike pamalo omwe mumaziona nthawi zambiri, monga pagalasi kapena mufiriji. Ngati mumakonda kuiwala komwe mumayika zinthu, ikani pambali malo enieni a chilichonse.
- Sungani malo anu ogwirira ntchito aukhondo: Kugwira ntchito pamalo odzaza zinthu kungakupangitseni kusokonezeka kwambiri. Sungani desiki ndi chipinda chanu mwaukhondo momwe mungathere.
- Kukonzekera: Ngati mukupita paulendo, konzani zinthu zomwe mukufuna tsiku lisanafike. Sungani zinthu zomwe mungaiwale (monga chojambulira, makiyi) pafupi ndi chitseko.
- Pezani Udindo: Pezani mnzanu wodalirika, mnzanu, kapena wachibale wanu kuti akukumbutseni za ntchito yanu ndikukusungani bwino. Musaope kunena kuti, "Ndikufunika kumaliza izi lero, ndikumbutseni."
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- ADHD si kufooka kwa khalidwe lanu kapena chizindikiro cha ulesi. Ndi matenda enieni omwe angathe kuchiritsidwa.
- Ngakhale kuti ADHD sinapezeke kuyambira ali mwana, imatha kupezeka paunyamata kapena uchikulire.
- Ngati mukupitirizabe kuona zizindikiro monga kuvutika kuganizira, kuzengereza, komanso kusakhazikika, musazengereze kupita kwa dokotala.
- Zizindikiro za ADHD zimatha kuthetsedwa bwino ndi mankhwala ndi chithandizo cha khalidwe.
- Ngakhale kusintha pang'ono kwa moyo kungapangitse moyo wa munthu amene ali ndi ADHD kukhala wosavuta komanso wopambana. Simuli nokha, pezani thandizo.
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