Mwana amene ali ndi ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) ali kunyumba, ife monga makolo tiyenera kusamalira zinthu zambiri. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri ndikupatsa mwana mankhwala oyenera panthawi yake. Koma chifukwa cha kutanganidwa kwa tsikulo, nthawi zina mumaganiza kuti, "O, kodi ndinapatsa mankhwalawo m'mawa?", "Ndikukumbukira kuti ndinamupatsa kawiri, koma sindikudziwa ngati zimenezo zinachitika," sichoncho? Izi ndi zomwe zimachitikira amayi ambiri. Koma kunyalanyaza pang'ono koteroko nthawi zina kungakhale koopsa. Ndicho chimene tikulankhula lero popereka mankhwala a ADHD.
Nchifukwa chiyani tikukamba zambiri za zolakwika za mankhwala a ADHD?
Mwachidule, vutoli ndi lalikulu kwambiri kuposa kale. Kafukufuku waposachedwa ku US adapeza kuti kuyimbira foni ku malo oletsa poizoni chifukwa cha zolakwika popereka mankhwala a ADHD kwa ana kwawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 300% m'zaka 20 zapitazi . Kumeneko ndi kuwonjezeka katatu.
Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndichakuti madokotala tsopano akuzindikira ndi kupereka mankhwala kwa ana ambiri omwe ali ndi ADHD kuposa kale lonse. Popeza ana akulandira mankhwala ambiri, chiwerengero cha zolakwika zokhudzana ndi mankhwala chikuwonjezekanso. Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti zolakwika izi ndizofala kwambiri mwa ana azaka zapakati pa 6 ndi 12 .
Chofunika ndichakuti mitundu iyi ya zolakwika za mankhwala ndi chinthu chomwe tingapewe. Zimangofunika kuti tikhale osamala pang'ono ndikudziwa njira zoyenera.
Kodi zolakwa zimenezi zofala ndi ziti?
Tiyeni tione zolakwa zomwe makolo amachita kawirikawiri, malinga ndi kafukufukuyu. Mukawona izi, mudzazindikira momwe zinthuzi zilili zosavuta, koma zimatha kuchitika nthawi yomwe simukuyembekezera.
| Momwe cholakwikacho chimachitikira | Chiwerengero cha lipoti |
|---|---|
| Kupereka kapena kumwa mankhwala kawiri mosadziwa | Pafupifupi 54% (yofala kwambiri) |
| Kupereka kapena kumwa mankhwala kuchokera kwa wachibale wina kwa mwana mosadziwa | Pafupifupi 13% |
| Kupereka kapena kumwa mankhwala olakwika m'malo mwa mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala | Pafupifupi 13% |
Deta iyi ikusonyeza kuti nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndi kupereka mankhwala kawiri. Tangoganizani kuti m'mawa, mayi akupereka mankhwalawo n'kupita kuntchito. Bambo, mosadziwa, amapatsanso mwanayo mankhwalawo. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri m'mabanja otanganidwa.
Kodi chiopsezocho chimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa mankhwala?
Inde, mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndi iyi. Si mankhwala onse a ADHD omwe ali ofanana. Chifukwa chake, zotsatira za kumwa mopitirira muyeso zimasiyana malinga ndi mankhwala.
Mankhwala Olimbikitsa
Awa ndi mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kwambiri a ADHD. Zitsanzo zake ndi monga `Methylphenidate` (yomwe imadziwika ku Sri Lanka ndi dzina loti `Ritalin`) ndi mankhwala a `Amphetamine` (monga `Adderall`). Ngati mwana wapatsidwa mlingo wowirikiza kawiri wa mankhwalawa osazindikira, akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga mutu, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, komanso kusokonezeka m'mimba . Komabe, zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimatha mkati mwa maola ochepa. Komabe, si bwino kuchita izi chizolowezi.
Alpha-1 Adrenergic Blockers
Tiyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi mtundu uwu wa mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, `Guanfacine` ndi `Clonidine` ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza kuthamanga kwa magazi. Izi zimagwira ntchito potonthoza thupi.
Ngati mupatsa mwana wanu mankhwala amtunduwu kawiri patsiku, kuthamanga kwa magazi kungachepe kwambiri. Izi zingapangitse mwana kugona tulo tofa nato, chizungulire, komanso kungayambitse mavuto aakulu. Choncho samalani kwambiri ngati mupatsa mwana wanu mankhwala amtunduwu.
Kodi tingatani kuti tipewe kunyalanyaza koteroko?
Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndikupewa kuchita zolakwika izi. Nazi malangizo osavuta omwe mungatsatire.
- Lembani nthawi yomwe mankhwala aperekedwa: Sungani kabuku kakang'ono kapena kalendala pafupi ndi botolo la mankhwala. Lembani tsiku ndi nthawi yomwe mankhwala aperekedwa ndi chizindikiro chosonyeza kuti "aperekedwa." Izi zithandiza achibale ena kuti azitsatira zomwe zachitika.
- Gwiritsani ntchito "Pilbox" ( PIL lbox):Mwina mwawonapo mabokosi a mankhwala okhala ndi magawo osiyana a tsiku lililonse la sabata. Kumayambiriro kwa sabata, ikani mankhwala a sabata imeneyo m'gawoli. Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kuwona mosavuta ngati mwamwa mankhwala anu a tsiku limenelo kapena ayi.
- Kulankhulana pakati pa makolo: Ngati wina m'nyumbamo akupereka mankhwala, mupatseni munthuyo udindo. Apo ayi, onetsetsani kuti mwauza munthu winayo mutapereka mankhwalawo. Kusiya uthenga waung'ono monga "Ndapereka mankhwala m'mawa uno" kungalepheretse kulakwitsa kwakukulu.
- Sungani mankhwala anu mosamala: Sungani mankhwala onse pamalo omwe ana sangafikire, monga kabati yotsekedwa.
- Chidziwitso cha Makolo: Nthawi zina, mwana akhoza kukhala ndi ADHD ndipo kholo limodzi likhozanso kukhala ndi ADHD yosapezeka. Izi zitha kuwonjezera mwayi woiwala, choncho ndikofunikira kuti makolo onse awiri agwirizane pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
Kodi mungachite chiyani ngati pali vuto la mankhwala?
Kaya tisamala bwanji, tikhoza kulakwitsa nthawi yosayembekezereka. Ngati zimenezo zitachitika, musachite mantha ndipo tsatirani njira izi.
1. Musachite mantha: Choyamba, dzitonthozeni.
2. Yesani mwana: Yesani ngati mwanayo ali ndi zizindikiro zina monga kugona tulo tosazolowereka, kukomoka, kusanza, kupuma movutikira, kapena kugwidwa ndi khunyu.
3. Imbani Malo Odziwitsa Anthu Zokhudza Poison: Imbani nthawi yomweyo Malo Odziwitsa Anthu Zokhudza Poison ku Chipatala cha Dziko Lonse cha Colombo. Nambala yawo ya foni ndi 0112686143. Fotokozani momveka bwino zomwe zinachitika, mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe mwanayo wapatsidwa. Adzakuuzani zoyenera kuchita.
4. Pitani ku ETU: Ngati mwana ali ndi zizindikiro zazikulu monga khunyu, kugona tulo topitirira muyeso, kapena kupuma movutikira, pitani naye ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi nthawi yomweyo mukuyimbira foni ku Poison Information Center.
5. Uzani dokotala wanu: Chilichonse chimene mungachite, onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala wa mwana wanu za chochitikacho.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Zolakwika pa mankhwala mwa ana omwe ali ndi ADHD zachuluka kwambiri masiku ano kuposa kale. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa matenda a ADHD ndi mankhwala olembedwa.
- Cholakwika chofala kwambiri ndi kupereka mankhwalawo mwangozi kawiri.
- Samalani kwambiri ndi mankhwala monga Guanfacine ndi Clonidine, chifukwa angayambitse kuthamanga kwa magazi kotsika kwambiri akaperekedwa kawiri patsiku.
- Zolakwika izi zitha kupewedwa makamaka ndi zinthu zosavuta monga kulemba nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bokosi la mapiritsi.
- Ngati vuto la mankhwala lachitika, musachite mantha, imbani National Poisons Information Center nthawi yomweyo, ndipo ngati pakufunika, pitani ndi mwanayo ku ETU. Nthawi zonse dziwitsani dokotala wanu.
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