Kodi mwana wanu samayang'ana anthu ena m'maso? Kapena amakhala maola ambiri ndi chidole chomwecho kapena akuchita zomwezo? Masiku ano, makolo ambiri akamaona chinthu chonga ichi, mantha omwe amabwera nthawi yomweyo m'maganizo mwawo ndi akuti, "O, kodi mwana wanga ali ndi autism ?" Chifukwa, autism, yomwe sinali yodziwika zaka makumi awiri kapena makumi atatu zapitazo, ikukambidwa kulikonse masiku ano. Ndicho chifukwa chake n'koyenera kuopa ngakhale mutawona kusiyana pang'ono mwa mwana. Koma, kodi chilichonse chomwe chimawoneka ngati autism ndi autism? Tiyeni tikambirane za izo lero.
Choyamba, kodi autism ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, autism si matenda, ndi vuto. Mwachipatala, timatcha autism spectrum disorder, kapena `Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).` Ndi vuto lokhudzana ndi kukula kwa ubongo wathu, kapena `neurodevelopment`. Izi zingakhudze luso la mwana lolankhulana (momwe amalankhulira, momwe amalankhulirana) komanso maubwenzi ake ndi anthu ena (momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso kusewera ndi ena).
Mawu akuti "spectrum" amagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa vutoli ndi losiyana kwambiri ndi munthu wina. Taganizirani ngati utawaleza. Monga momwe mtundu uliwonse ulili ndi mtundu wake, mtundu ndi mphamvu ya zizindikiro mwa ana omwe ali ndi autism zimasiyana kwambiri. Kwa ana ena, zizindikirozo zimakhala zobisika kwambiri kotero kuti sizimaonekera mosavuta kwa anthu akunja. Kwa ena, zizindikirozo zimatha kuwapangitsa kukhala ovuta kugwira ntchito m'miyoyo yawo ya tsiku ndi tsiku.
Chofunika kwambiri sikuganiza kuti mwana ali ndi autism chifukwa chakuti ali ndi zizindikiro , chifukwa pakhoza kukhala matenda ena omwe angayambitse zizindikiro zomwezo.
Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingasokonezedwe ndi autism?
Vuto lina lopeza mwana yemwe ali ndi autism molakwika ndilakuti sangalandire chithandizo chomwe amafunikira pa vuto lake. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mwana walephera kupirira chifukwa cha matenda monga poizoni wa lead, chithandizo chomwecho cha autism sichingagwire ntchito. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa kusiyana kumeneku.
Zizindikiro za matenda amenewa zimatha kufanana kwambiri ndi za autism.
| Kusamvetsetsana | Zizindikiro zofanana ndi za autism | Zoyenera kudziwa |
|---|---|---|
| Kulankhula, kumva, kapena kuchedwa kwina kwa chitukuko | Kusalankhula moyenera malinga ndi msinkhu wawo, kusowa luso locheza ndi anthu, kuvutika kumvetsetsa zomwe ena akunena. | Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe mwana angachedwetse kukula. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda monga kumva, poizoni wa lead, ndi Down syndrome. |
| Kusonyeza chidwi chochepa kapena champhamvu | Kukonda kwambiri chinthu chimodzi (monga mamapu, kuonera fani ikuzungulira). | Ngakhale izi ndizofala pakati pa ana omwe ali ndi autism, khalidweli lokha silimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi autism. Kuti munthu akhale ndi autism, payenera kukhalanso ndi makhalidwe ena, monga mavuto ndi maubwenzi ndi anthu ena. |
| Kuwerenga mwachangu kapena nzeru zapamwamba (Hyperlexia) | Luso lowerenga ali wamng'ono kwambiri, koma kuvutika kufotokoza malingaliro. | Si ana onse omwe ali ndi `Hyperlexia` omwe ali ndi autism. Matenda awiriwa amatha kukhala limodzi kapena ayi. Chifukwa chake, sizingatheke kudziwa kutengera chizindikiro ichi chokha. |
| Mavuto Okhudza Kuzindikira | Kusakonda kuwala kowala, phokoso lalikulu, kapena kukhudzidwa. Kukwiya kapena kusalankhula panthawiyi. | Ichi ndi chinthu chofala pakati pa ana omwe ali ndi autism. Komabe, mavuto a kumva amathanso kukhala vuto lina. Pankhani ya autism, zizindikiro zina (monga kuchedwa kulankhula) zitha kukhalaponso. |
| Matenda osiyanasiyana a maganizo | Kubwerezabwereza chinthu chomwecho, kudzipatula pagulu, mavuto olankhulana. | Ngakhale izi zingawoneke ngati autism, zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi matenda ena amisala. Zitsanzo zake ndi izi: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Avoidant Personality Disorder, Social (pragmatic) Communication Disorder, Reactive Attachment Disorder, ndipo, kawirikawiri, Schizophrenia mwa ana. |
| Matenda a Majini | Kuchedwa kulankhula, mavuto a kuphunzira. | Matenda ena a majini (monga Tuberous Sclerosis) amapezeka limodzi ndi autism. Komabe, matenda monga 22q11.2 deletion syndrome nthawi zambiri amaonedwa kuti ndi autism chifukwa zizindikiro zake zimafanana kwambiri. |
Musaiwale kufunsa dokotala wanu za zinthu izi.
Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza mwana wanu, chinthu chabwino kuchita ndi kupita kwa dokotala wa ana . Dokotalayo adzafufuza kukula kwa mwanayo, khalidwe lake, komanso mbiri yake yonse ya thanzi.
Kenako, ngati mukukayikira kuti muli ndi autism, dokotalayo adzakutumizani ku gulu la akatswiri. Gululi likhoza kuphatikizapo akatswiri a mitsempha, akatswiri a matenda amisala, akatswiri a zamaganizo, ndi akatswiri olankhula. Adzagwiritsa ntchito mayeso ndi mawonedwe osiyanasiyana kuti adziwe ngati mwanayo ali ndi autism kapena vuto lina.
Mukapita kwa dokotala, musazengereze kufunsa mafunso awa:
- "Dokotala, mwayesa kumva kwa mwana wanga?" Nthawi zina mavuto akumva angayambitse kuchedwa kulankhula . Zitha kusokonezedwa mosavuta ndi autism.
- "Kodi pali mayeso ena omwe tiyenera kuchita?" Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukukhala m'nyumba yakale ndipo utoto ukutuluka, mungafune kupempha kuti mwana wanu ayezedwe kuchuluka kwa lead m'magazi.
- "Kodi ndingathe kuonana ndi katswiri pankhani imeneyi?" Ngati dokotala wanu wanena kuti mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la autism, koma simunakumane ndi katswiri, monga katswiri wa mitsempha kapena wamisala, funsani kuti akutumizireni. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zambiri.
- "Ngakhale sitikudziwa kuti vuto lake ndi lotani, kodi tingayambe kulandira chithandizo?" Nthawi zambiri yankho ndi "inde." Ngati mwana wanu akuchedwa kukula, mutha kuyamba kulandira chithandizo ndi mankhwala olankhula, occupational therapy, kapena mankhwala ena osadikira kuti mudziwe ngati chomwe chimayambitsa vuto ndi autism.kapena maphunziro a luso locheza ndi anthu. Izi zidzapindulitsa mwanayo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Autism si matenda omwe ali ndi zizindikiro chimodzi. Ndi matenda omwe amatha kusiyana kwambiri kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu.
- Pali matenda ena ambiri amisala ndi thanzi omwe amasonyeza zizindikiro zofanana ndi autism.
- Musadzisankhire nokha kuti mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la autism kutengera zomwe mumawerenga pa intaneti kapena zomwe mumamva kuchokera kwa ena. Kuzindikira matenda molondola ndikofunikira.
- Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza khalidwe la mwana wanu, funsani uphungu kwa dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito mwamsanga. Ngati pakufunika kutero, musazengereze kupempha thandizo kwa gulu la akatswiri.
- Kuzindikira matenda molondola komanso kulandira chithandizo mwamsanga kungathandize mwana wanu kupeza chithandizo chomwe akufunikira kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino.
💬 Comments (0)
Palibe ndemanga zomwe zatumizidwa pano. Onjezani ndemanga yanu pano koyamba.
Onjezani ndemanga yanu