Mnyamata? Mtsikana? Kodi n'zotheka kudziwa mtundu wa mwana pasadakhale? (Kusankha Kugonana Pasadakhale)

Makolo ambiri ali ndi chikhumbo chachikulu komanso maloto owonjezera mwana wamwamuna kapena wamkazi m'banja lawo. Nthawi zina zingakhale kuti banja limalize. Nthawi zina, zitha kukhala chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha banja. Komanso, pali matenda ena a majini omwe amabadwa ndi mwamuna kapena mkazi mmodzi yekha. Pofuna kuteteza mwana ku matenda otere, makolo ena amaganiza makamaka za jenda la mwana. Kaya chifukwa chake ndi chotani, anthu ambiri amakhala ndi funso lakuti, "Kodi pali njira yosankhira jenda la mwana amene tidzakhala naye?" Tiyeni tikambirane za izi lero.

Kodi sayansi ya zamankhwala imati chiyani kwenikweni pankhaniyi?

Mwachidule, ngati mutenga mimba kudzera mu kugonana kwabwinobwino, mwayi wokhala ndi mnyamata kapena mtsikana ndi 50/50. Izi zikutanthauza mwayi wofanana . Koma anthu ambiri akufunafuna ngati angawonjezere mwayi umenewu pang'ono kuti awathandize.

Koma apa pali nkhawa yomwe madokotala ndi akatswiri azaumoyo akuwonetsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, makolo ena ali ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu pa njirazi ndipo amakhumudwa kwambiri ngati sakwaniritsa zomwe amayembekezera. Tangoganizirani, bwanji ngati mutsatira njira inayake mukuyembekezera mwana wamwamuna, koma mutatha kukhala ndi mtsikana? Kapena bwanji ngati muli ndi mwana wamwamuna monga momwe mumayembekezera, koma alibe makhalidwe omwe mumaganizira? Pazochitika zotere, kukhumudwa kumeneko kungakhudze tsogolo la mwana komanso thanzi la maganizo.

Ndipotu, pali "masewera" ena omwe agogo athu ankasewera. Madokotala amawaseka nati, "Ngati njira zimenezo sizivulaza mayi ndi mwana, palibe vuto kuziyesa."

Kodi njira zachilengedwe zimathandizadi?

Njira yodziwika bwino yachilengedwe yosankhira kugonana kwa mwana ndi njira ya Shettles . Inayambitsidwa zaka makumi angapo zapitazo ndi Dr. Landrum B. Shettles. Njirayi imachokera pa tsiku la ovulation ndi malo ogonana.

Kodi njira ya Shettles ndi iti?

Malinga ndi Dr. Shettles, umuna umene umapanga mwana wamwamunaUmuna wa mwamuna (wokhala ndi chromosome ya Y) ndi wocheperako, wothamanga, ndipo umakhala ndi moyo waufupi. Komabe, umuna umene umapanga mwana wamkazi (wokhala ndi chromosome ya X) ndi waukulu, wochedwa, ndipo ukhoza kukhala ndi moyo wautali.

Kotero malinga ndi chiphunzitso ichi, iye akupereka lingaliro lotere.

Ngakhale kuti njira ya Shettles inanenedwa kuti yapambana pafupifupi 75%, madokotala ena obereketsa ndi madokotala a matenda a akazi amakayikira kuchuluka kwa njira zachilengedwezi zopambana. Amati mwayi wokhala ndi mwana ndi kapena popanda njirazi suposa 50/50.

Komabe, pali lingaliro losiyana kwambiri ndi izi. Dr. J. Martin Young, dokotala, akunena kuti njira ya Shettles ndi yopambana kwenikweni pamlingo wochepa wa pafupifupi 39%. Iye akupereka lingaliro lotsutsana ndi lingaliro la Shettles.

• Ngati mukufuna mtsikana , chitani zogonana pafupi ndi nthawi yotulutsa mazira .
• Ngati mukufuna mnyamata , chitani zogonana masiku angapo dzira lisanatuluke.

Mukuona, palibe mgwirizano pakati pa akatswiri osiyanasiyana ngakhale pankhani ya njira zachilengedwe izi.

Kodi Njira Zapamwamba Zaukadaulo ndi Ziti?

Palinso njira zamakono zingapo zomwe zimati zimapereka zotsatira zabwino kwambiri kuposa njira zachilengedwe. Izi ndi zodula ndipo sizipezeka kulikonse.

Njira ya MicroSort

Iyi ndi njira yodziwika bwino komanso yothandiza kwambiri yosankha kugonana. Imagwiritsa ntchito utoto wapadera, kuwala kwa laser, ndi makina otchedwa flow cytometer kuti alekanitse umuna wa X ndi Y. Kenako umuna womwe ukufunika umayikidwa m'chiberekero cha mkazi. Njirayi nthawi zambiri imachitika ndi In Vitro Fertilization ( IVF ) .

Malinga ndi malipoti, njira iyi ili ndi chiŵerengero cha kupambana cha 91% kwa iwo omwe akuyembekezera atsikana ndipo chiŵerengero cha kupambana cha 73% kwa iwo omwe akuyembekezera anyamata .

Njira Zotsutsana

Pali njira zina ziwiri, koma pali nkhani zazikulu za makhalidwe abwino ndi zamalamulo zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo.

1. Kuzindikira Majini Omwe Asanaikidwe M'mimba (PGD): Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyesa mazira omwe amakula kunja kwa chiberekero cha mayi kudzera mu IVF asanaikidwe m'chiberekero, ndikusankha mazira okhawo omwe ali ndi jenda lomwe akufuna kuti aikidwe.

2. Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Njira iyi imatha kudziwa kugonana kwa mwana wosabadwayo pofufuza ma chromosome a mwana wosabadwayo kumayambiriro kwa mimba.