Kodi mpira ukagunda pachifuwa ungayambitse mtima kuima mwadzidzidzi? Tiyeni tiphunzire bwino za Commotio Cordis!

Kodi mudamvapo za munthu amene wamenyedwa pachifuwa ndi mpira wothamanga akusewera cricket kapena masewera ena aliwonse? Izi n'zoopsa kwambiri, sichoncho? Nthawi zambiri timaganiza kuti ndi kuvulala pang'ono chabe. Komabe, nthawi zina, kungakhale vuto lalikulu kwambiri lomwe lingakhale loopsa . Lero, tikambirana za vuto la mtima losowa kwambiri, ladzidzidzi, komanso lapadera. Izi zimatchedwa `Commotio Cordis` m'mawu azachipatala. Izi zikutanthauza `kusokonezeka kwa mtima'' m'Chilatini.

Kodi 'Commotio Cordis' ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Mwachidule, `Commotio Cordis` ndi pamene mtima umagunda, pamalo enaake, panthawi inayake, kuchokera ku chinthu chaching'ono, cholimba (nthawi zambiri baseball kapena hockey puck), mwadzidzidzi imasintha kayimbidwe kabwinobwino ka mtima, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kugunda kwa mtima kukhale kosazolowereka (`ventricular fibrillation`) ndikupangitsa mtima kusiya kugunda mwadzidzidzi (`cardiac arrest`). Tangoganizirani, mtima wathu ndi chiwalo chovuta kwambiri komanso chokhazikika bwino. Umagunda motsatira dongosolo lamagetsi lamagetsi. Mu `Commotio Cordis` iyi, ntchito yamagetsi ya mtima imasokonekera panthawi yovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa kwa kugunda kwakunja kumeneko. Izi zili ngati makina ogwira ntchito bwino omwe mwadzidzidzi amalandira kugunda kuchokera pamalo olakwika, kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito ake.

Kodi vutoli limatchedwa `Commotio Cordis` bwanji?

Ndipotu, vutoli ndi losowa kwambiri. Musachite mantha. Ngakhale mutayang'ana padziko lonse lapansi, milandu yosakwana 30 ya `Commotio Cordis` imanenedwa pachaka. Chifukwa chake iyi si matenda omwe amakhudza aliyense. Komabe, ngakhale kuti ndi yosowa, kuwonongeka komwe kungayambitse ndi kwakukulu, kotero ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi.

Kodi wina angapulumuke ku chikhalidwe chotchedwa `Commotio Cordis`?

Inde, zingatheke! Koma zimafunika thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga . Ngati wina wagundidwa pachifuwa motere ndipo wagwa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchita `CPR` (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) ndi `defibrillate` mtima nthawi yomweyo pogwiritsa ntchito `AED` (Automated External Defibrillator).

Mwamwayi, pamene anthu ayamba kuzindikira bwino vutoli pakapita nthawi, mwayi wopulumuka wawonjezeka kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa makina a CPR ndi AED .

Kodi zizindikiro za vutoli ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zazikulu za Commotio Cordis ndi:

• Kukoka ndi kugwa ukangogundidwa pachifuwa. Ichi ndiye chinthu chachikulu.
• Kugunda kwa mtima kosazolowereka (`Ventricular Fibrillation`). Izi zikutanthauza kuti zipinda zapansi za mtima zimangogwedezeka m'malo mopopa magazi moyenera.
• Kugwidwa ndi mtima mwadzidzidzi (Cardiac Arrest).
• Kutaya chidziwitso.

Zizindikiro zimenezi zimangobwera mwadzidzidzi. Poyamba sizingakhale zizindikiro.

Kodi 'Commotio Cordis' imayambitsa chiyani?

Kuti vutoli lichitike, zinthu zingapo ziyenera kubwera pamodzi. Chifukwa chachikulu ndi kumenyedwa mbali yakumanzere ya chifuwa, pomwe mtima uli, nthawi zambiri kuchokera ku chinthu chaching'ono, cholimba, monga baseball, mpira wa lacrosse, kapena hockey puck, pa ngodya ya madigiri 90, pa liwiro la makilomita pafupifupi 40-50 pa ola limodzi. Taganizirani za mpira wachikopa wothamanga kwambiri ukasewera cricket, kapena zida zina zamasewera zomwe zimapweteka ngati zigunda thupi. Koma izi sizimachitika ndi kumenyedwa kulikonse. Chofunika kwambiri ndi nthawi yomwe kumenyedwa kumeneku kumachitika. Pali nthawi yeniyeni, yochepa kwambiri mu 'cardiac cycle' ya mtima wathu, nthawi yomwe zipinda zapansi ('ventricles') za mtima zimakoka magazi, kenako zimapumulanso. Imeneyo ndi nthawi yomwe kumenyedwa kumeneku kuyenera kuchitika. Kenako, chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa kwa kumenyedwa kumeneko, minofu ya mtima, yomwe iyenera kumasuka, imatha kudzutsidwa mwadzidzidzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto la 'ventricular fibrillation' lomwe latchulidwa kale.

Kodi nkhonya ingayambitse `Commotio Cordis`?

Inde, malinga ndi chiphunzitso, n'zotheka. Koma pa izi, zinthu zonse zomwe zatchulidwa kale ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, kumenyedwa kuyenera kukhala kumbali yakumanzere ya chifuwa, pa ngodya ya madigiri 90, pa liwiro la makilomita 40 pa ola limodzi kapena kuposerapo, ndipo panthawi yeniyeniyo mumtima. Mwayi woti izi zichitike ndi kumenyedwa komwe kwachitika pankhondo yachibadwa ndi wochepa kwambiri.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha `Commotio Cordis`?

Ngakhale kuti vutoli lingachitikire aliyense, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu:

• Kwa iwo omwe amasewera masewera: Makamaka kwa iwo omwe amasewera masewera omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mipira yolimba kapena zida, monga baseball, lacrosse, softball, hockey. M'dziko lathu, ndi bwino kusamala ndi izi mu cricket.
• Kwa achinyamata osakwana zaka 20: Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhudza anthu azaka zapakati pa 15. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti mafupa a pachifuwa cha achinyamata sakhala okhwima mokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kugwedezeka kwa mtima kupitirire.
• Kwa amuna: Izi zimachitika kwambiri pakati pa anyamata kuposa atsikana. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti anyamata nthawi zambiri amachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Kodi zovuta za `Commotio Cordis` ndi ziti?

Vuto lalikulu komanso loopsa kwambiri la izi ndi imfa yadzidzidzi chifukwa cha matenda a mtima.Malinga ndi National Cardiovascular Registry, anthu opitilira 220 afa ndi vutoli kuyambira mu 1996. Chifukwa chake, ichi si chinthu chongofunika kuchitenga mopepuka.

Momwe mungazindikire "Commotio Cordis"?

Ngati wina, makamaka wachinyamata, wagundidwa kumanzere kwa chifuwa akusewera masewera ndipo mwadzidzidzi wagwa, dokotala angaganize kuti `Commotio Cordis`. Komabe, izi ndi `kuzindikira kuti munthu wachotsedwa` . Izi zikutanthauza kuti madokotala ayamba ayang'ane kaye ngati pali zifukwa zina zofala, monga matenda a mtima. Ngati palibe zifukwa zotere, amaganiza kuti `Commotio Cordis` ikhoza kukhala chifukwa chake. Pambuyo popereka `CPR` ndi `defibrillation` yomweyo, mayeso otsatirawa angachitike kuchipatala:

• Electrocardiogram (EKG): Imafufuza momwe magetsi a mtima amagwirira ntchito.
• Kuyezetsa magazi : Kuyesa ngati mtima wawonongeka kapena mavuto ena.
• Echocardiogram: Kujambula kuti muwone kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya mtima .
• MRI ya Mtima kapena CT scan : Pezani zithunzi zomveka bwino za mtima.
• Kutsegula mtima pogwiritsa ntchito catheter: Kuyesa kuwona zinthu monga kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi ya mtima.

Kodi `Commotio Cordis` imathandizidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu n'chofunika kwambiri kwa munthu amene ali ndi vuto la `Commotio Cordis`. Ngati muwona chochitika chotere, imbani nthawi yomweyo 119/1990 ndikuyamba `CPR` nokha. Ngati n'kotheka, pezani makina a `AED` mwachangu ndikugwiritsa ntchito. Pambuyo popereka chithandizo chadzidzidzi, wodwalayo amalowetsedwa kuchipatala ndipo amafufuzidwa mokwanira kuti awone ngati ali ndi matenda ena aliwonse a mtima omwe sanadziwike. M'chipatala, ntchito ya mtima imayang'aniridwa.

Mankhwala enieni

Ngati wodwala wamkulu yemwe ali ndi `Commotio Cordis` wakomoka ndipo sangathe kutsatira malamulo, madokotala angagwiritse ntchito chithandizo chotchedwa `therapeutic hypothermia`. Izi zimaphatikizapo kupumitsa wodwalayo, kuyika chubu chopumira, ndikuchepetsa kutentha kwa thupi kufika madigiri 32-34 Celsius (89.6-93.2 Fahrenheit) kwa maola pafupifupi 12-24. Izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito makina apadera oziziritsira, mapaketi a ayezi, madzi ozizira a `IV`, ndi mabulangeti oziziritsira. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa liwiro lomwe mpweya umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ubongo ndikuletsa kutupa. Kenako, thupi limatenthedwa pang'onopang'ono kwa maola angapo.

Zotsatirapo zoyipa za mankhwala

Mankhwala monga `therapeutic hypothermia` nthawi zina angayambitse zotsatirapo zoyipa. Mwachitsanzo:

• `Chibayo`
• Sepsis (kuopsa kwa magazi)
• Kugunda kwa mtima kosazolowereka
• Coagulopathy (kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya magazi kuundana)

Kodi mungachepetse bwanji chiopsezo cha `Commotio Cordis`?

Ngakhale izi sizingapewedwe kotheratu, pali zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo:

• Kuvala zida zodzitetezera: Kuvala zoteteza pachifuwa kungapereke chitetezo. Komabe, pakhala pali milandu ya 'Commotio Cordis' ngakhale atavalidwa.
• Zipangizo zamasewera zotetezeka: Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga "masewera ofewa a baseball", makamaka opangidwira osewera achinyamata.
• Kudziwa ndi kukonzekera (ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri!):
• Ndikofunikira kuti aphunzitsi, aphunzitsi, ndi ogwira ntchito zamasewera aphunzitsidwe momwe angadziwire 'Commotio Cordis' komanso momwe angachitire 'CPR'.
• Tifunika kuonetsetsa kuti malo ochitira masewera ali ndi makina a AED osavuta kufikako komanso ogwira ntchito bwino.
• Kukhala ndi dongosolo lokonzekera bwino komanso lochita bwino la Emergency Action Plan (EAP) ndikofunikira kuti munthu alandire chithandizo mwachangu.

Tangoganizirani, kodi zikanakhala zosangalatsa bwanji ngati pakanakhala 'AED' komwe mwana wanu amasewera, kapena komwe inu mumasewera, ndi wina wodziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito.

Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani ngati mutakhala ndi `Commotio Cordis`?

Ngati madokotala akukufufuzani ndikutsimikizira kuti palibe mavuto ena ndi mtima wanu, simudzafunika chithandizo china chilichonse mutachira ku `Commotio Cordis`. Komabe, ngati atapeza kuti muli ndi vuto la mtima lomwe simunali kulidziwa kale, lobadwa nalo kapena lobadwa nalo, muyenera kulandira chithandizo cha zimenezo.

Kodi ndingayambenso kusewera?

Mtima wanu ukafufuzidwa mokwanira, kuphatikizapo EKG, Echocardiogram, MRI kapena CT scan ya mtima, komanso mayeso a kupsinjika maganizo, mutha kubwerera kumasewera. Komabe, ngati dokotala wanu akuwona vuto lililonse ndi mtima wanu, kapena ngati pali chiopsezo chochepa kapena chachikulu choti Commotio Cordis ibwererenso, mungalangizidwe kupewa masewera omwe angakhudze chifuwa chanu.

Kodi tsogolo la mkhalidwe wa 'Commotio Cordis' ndi lotani?

`Commotio Cordis` ndi matenda achiwiri omwe amachititsa imfa yadzidzidzi ya mtima pakati pa achinyamata othamanga. Choyamba ndi `hypertrophic cardiomyopathy` (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy). Ngati munthu walandira chithandizo mwachangu, chiwerengero cha anthu opulumuka ndi pafupifupi 59%. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu oposa m'modzi mwa awiri akhoza kupulumutsidwa. Komabe, anthu omwe salandira `CPR` mwachangu, kapena omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima obadwa nawo, ali ndi mwayi wochepa wopulumuka.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Ngati dokotala wanu wa mtima akunena kuti palibe vuto ndi mtima wanu, simungafunike chithandizo chowonjezera. Komabe, ngati apeza vuto la mtima lomwe simunali kulidziwa, muyenera kulandira chithandizo. Ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe vuto la mtima, ndi bwino kupita kuchipatala kamodzi pachaka.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku chipinda chadzidzidzi liti (ER)?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi vuto la mtima, mungafunike chithandizo chadzidzidzi kachiwiri. Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, uzani munthu wapafupi kuti ayimbire 119/1990 nthawi yomweyo:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa
• Kumva ngati mtima wako ukugunda mofulumira ('kugunda kwa mtima')
• Kupuma movutikira
• Kusadzikuza
• Kutaya mtima

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Mungathe kufunsa dokotala mafunso monga:

• Kodi ndili ndi matenda a mtima omwe amafunika chithandizo?
• Kodi ndingathe kuseweranso masewera ampikisano?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chiyani kuti ndipewe kuwonongeka kwina pachifuwa changa?

Kumenyedwa pachifuwa ndi chinthu chomvetsa chisoni kwambiri. Komabe, mwayi wopulumuka pambuyo pa `Commotio Cordis` ndi wokwera kwambiri masiku ano kuposa kale. Ndi chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu, anthu ambiri amatha kuchira. Ngati dokotala wanu akuzindikirani kuti muli ndi vuto la mtima, tsatirani malangizo awo molondola. Maphunziro a `CPR` ndi kupezeka kwa makina a `AED` kungathandize anthu omwe amachita masewera omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha `Commotio Cordis`.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Chabwino, ndikukhulupirira kuti mwamvetsa bwino za `Commotio Cordis` yomwe tidakambirana lero. Kumbukirani, izi ndi zochitika zachilendo kwambiri, koma zitha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri ngati zitachitika.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti, ngati wina wagwetsedwa mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha kumenyedwa pachifuwa pamene akuchita masewera, musachitenge mopepuka. Perekani thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga (CPR, kugwiritsa ntchito AED, kugonekedwa kuchipatala).

Monga aphunzitsi, makolo, ndi osewera, kukhala odziwa izi, kupeza maphunziro a CPR ngati kuli kofunikira, ndikuyang'ana ma AED m'malo ochitira masewera kungathandize kupulumutsa miyoyo. Tiyeni tisewere bwino, tikhale ndi thanzi labwino!

---

` commotio cordis, matenda a mtima, kupweteka pachifuwa, kuvulala pamasewera, kuima kwa mtima mwadzidzidzi, kugwedezeka kwa ventricle, CPR, AED, kuima kwa mtima, kutsitsimutsa mtima ndi mapapo