Tiyeni tiphunzire za khansa ya m'mawere: IDC ndi DCIS (Invasive Ductal Carcinoma & Ductal Carcinoma in Situ)

Tikamva mawu oti "khansa ya m'mawere," aliyense amachita mantha pang'ono, eti? Zimenezo n'zachibadwa. Koma chofunika kwambiri ndikudziwa bwino izi. Chifukwa chake titha kuzindikira zizindikiro mwachangu ndikupeza upangiri wofunikira wachipatala. Lero, tikambirana za mitundu iwiri yodziwika bwino ya khansa ya m'mawere , Ductal Carcinoma. Tikambirana izi mosavuta, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Mwachidule, khansa ya m'mawere ndi mtundu wa khansa yomwe imayambira m'mitsempha ya mkaka wa m'mawere. Kodi mukudziwa kuti palinso mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya khansa imeneyi?

1. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC): Mu izi, maselo a khansa amathyola makoma a duct ya mkaka ndikufalikira ku minofu yozungulira.

2. Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS): Pachifukwa ichi, maselo a khansa ali mkati mwa duct ya mkaka ndipo sanafalikire kunja.

Zizindikiro, matenda, ndi chithandizo cha mitundu iwiriyi n'zosiyana. Choyamba tiyeni tikambirane za mtundu wofala kwambiri, IDC.

Kodi Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) ndi chiyani?

Khansa ya m'mawere yotchedwa Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) ndi khansa yofala kwambiri ya m'mawere, yomwe imapanga pafupifupi 80% ya khansa zonse za m'mawere. Imayambira m'maselo a duct ya mkaka. Koma siimaima pamenepo. Maselo amakula, amathyola makoma a duct, ndikuyamba kufalikira ku minofu yathanzi yozungulira bere. Pakapita nthawi, maselo a khansa awa amatha kufalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa IDC?

N'zovuta kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa khansa yonse ya m'mawere. Komabe, tikudziwa zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa khansa. Zina mwa izi zimakhudzana ndi moyo wathu, zina zimakhudzana ndi mahomoni ndi mbiri ya banja .

Pansipa pali zina mwa zinthu zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimayambitsa matenda a IDC ndi khansa zina za m'mawere.

Kodi zizindikiro za IDC ndi ziti?

Munthu amene ali ndi IDC angakumane ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikirozi. Sikuti nthawi zonse mukakhala ndi zizindikirozi, ndi khansa, koma ngati muwona chinthu chonga ichi, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo kuti akakuwoneni.

• Chotupa m'mabere: chotupa chomwe chimamveka ngati chotupa m'dzanja.
• Khungu lokhuthala: Kumva ngati kuti khungu lina pa bere lakhuthala.
• Kufiira kapena ziphuphu : Kufiira kwa khungu la bere.
• Kutupa: Kutupa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mawonekedwe kapena kukula kwa bere.
• Ululu: Ululu watsopano m'bere womwe sunalipo kale.
• Khungu likugwa: ngati lalanjeMatenda omwe ma pores a khungu la bere amakula ndi kulowa, ngati khungu la lalanje.
• Kusintha kwa njira yoperekera mkaka wa m'mawere : njira yoperekera mkaka imalowa, imakhala yopweteka, kapena imatuluka madzi ena osati mkaka (makamaka ngati magazi).
• Ziphuphu m'khwapa: Ziphuphu zomwe zili m'khwapa zomwe zimamveka ndi dzanja.
• Kusintha kosakhudzana ndi kusamba kwa mwezi uliwonse: Kusintha kosazolowereka komwe kumasiyana ndi kusintha kwachibadwa komwe kumachitika musanayambe kusamba.

Kodi IDC imapezeka bwanji? (Kuzindikira)

IDC nthawi zambiri imaganiziridwa koyamba ngati pali vuto pa mammogram. Nthawi zina, dokotala angapeze chotupa panthawi yoyezetsa thupi.

1. Mammogram ndi Ultrasound: Awa ndi mayeso ofunikira kwambiri. Mammogram imatenga chithunzi cha X-ray cha bere. Ultrasound imagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a phokoso kuti ipeze chithunzi chabwino cha minofu mkati mwa bere ndi zotupa zilizonse.

2. Biopsy: Iyi ndi mayeso omwe 100% amatsimikizira ngati ndi khansa kapena ayi. Apa, chidutswa chaching'ono kwambiri cha minofu chimatengedwa kuchokera ku chotupa chokayikitsa pogwiritsa ntchito singano ndikuchiyang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu. Pambuyo poyesa kumeneku ndi pomwe tingadziwe ngati pali maselo a khansa kapena ayi.

Ngati lipoti la biopsy likutsimikizira kuti ndi khansa, dokotala adzayitanitsa mayeso ena angapo. Izi ndi cholinga chofuna kudziwa kukula kwa khansayo komanso ngati yafalikira. Mayeso monga `CT scan`, `PET scan`, `MRI` angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa izi.

Kodi njira zochiritsira ndi ziti?

Pali njira zingapo zochizira matenda a IDC. Dokotala wanu ndi gulu lanu lachipatala adzasankha njira yabwino kwambiri yochizira. Izi zidzaganizira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo gawo la khansa, kukula kwake, komanso ngati ili ndi mahomoni.

Njira zazikulu zochizira ndi izi:

• Opaleshoni:
• Kuchotsa Lumpectomy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa chotupa cha khansa chokha ndi minofu yathanzi yozungulira.
• Kuchotsa Mastectomy: Uku ndi kuchotsa bere lonse pa opaleshoni.
• Chithandizo cha Radiation: Radiation yamphamvu kwambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga maselo aliwonse a khansa omwe angakhalebe pambuyo pa opaleshoni.
• Chemotherapy: Awa ndi mankhwala amphamvu omwe amaperekedwa kuti aphe maselo a khansa omwe afalikira m'thupi lonse. Amaperekedwa kuti achepetse chotupacho musanachite opaleshoni kapena kupha maselo otsala pambuyo pake.
• Chithandizo cha Mahomoni: Ngati khansayo imagwirizana ndi mahomoni (HR+), mankhwala omwe amaletsa ntchito ya mahomoni monga estrogen amaperekedwa.
• Chithandizo Cholunjika: Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pa zolinga zinazake zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwa maselo a khansa.
• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy:Zimalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, zomwe zimathandiza kuzindikira ndi kuwononga maselo a khansa.

Mungapatsidwe mankhwala amodzi kapena angapo. Mankhwalawa angayambitse zotsatirapo zina. Koma tsopano pali njira zowongolera zambiri mwa izo. Choncho musaope kukambirana za izi momasuka ndi dokotala wanu.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone za Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS)

DCIS, monga tanenera kale, ndi khansa yosafalikira yomwe sinafalikire kunja kwa ducts za mkaka. Iyi ndi siteji yoyambirira ya khansa, kapena khansa ya siteji 0 .

Zizindikiro ndi chithandizo cha DCIS

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi DCIS alibe zizindikiro zilizonse. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka kudzera mu mammogram. Nthawi zina, zizindikiro monga chotupa m'mawere kapena kutuluka magazi kuchokera m'mabele zimatha kuoneka.

Chithandizo chachikulu cha DCIS ndi opaleshoni.

• Kuchotsa chotupa chokha ( lumpectomy ) nthawi zambiri kumachitika pambuyo pake ndi chithandizo cha radiation .
• Nthawi zina zapadera (monga ngati DCIS yafalikira m'mawere onse), kuchotsedwa kwa bere lonse kungakhale kofunikira.

Mankhwala a chemotherapy nthawi zambiri safunikira pa milandu ya DCIS.

Kodi tingatani kuti tichepetse chiopsezo cha khansa?

Sitingathe kusintha zinthu zina zomwe zingatibweretsere mavuto, monga chibadwa cha munthu. Komabe, kusintha moyo wathu kungachepetse chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere pang'ono.

• Chepetsani kumwa mowa: Ndi bwino kupewa kumwa mowa.
• Khalani ndi kulemera kwabwino: Kunenepa kwambiri ndi chiopsezo.
• Khalani otanganidwa: Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi monga kuyenda kapena kuthamanga kwa mphindi zosachepera 150 pa sabata.
• Pewani kusuta fodya.
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi: Khalani ndi zakudya zokhala ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso zambiri.
• Yamwitsani ana anu: Kuyamwitsa mwana kwapezeka kuti kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere.
• Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu: Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mbiri ya khansa ya banja lanu. Pitani kuchipatala nthawi zonse monga mammogram.