Kodi kulemba kwa mwana wanu kuli kosokoneza kwambiri? Kodi amalemba m'njira zosiyanasiyana komanso kukula kwake? Mwina ndi waulesi kwambiri polemba. Koma chifukwa cha zonsezi sichingakhale ulesi kapena nkhanza za mwanayo. Mwina chifukwa cha izi ndi vuto la kuphunzira lotchedwa ' Dysgraphia '. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi lero.
Mwachidule, kodi dysgraphia n’chiyani?
Dysgraphia ndi vuto la kuphunzira. Kunena zoona, ndi vuto la mitsempha . Limakhudza njira za ubongo ndi luso lotha kugwira ntchito bwino lomwe limafunika kuti munthu alembe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwana amavutika kulemba zomwe zili m'maganizo mwake ndikuzilemba bwino papepala. Nthawi zina, zimakhudzanso luso lotchula ndi kulemba mawu molondola.
Kulemba momveka bwino komanso molondola ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe mwana amayembekezera kusukulu. Choncho ngati luso limeneli silikupezeka, likhoza kukhudza kwambiri maphunziro a mwana.
Kodi Dysgraphia ndi Dyslexia ndi chinthu chimodzi?
Inde, ngakhale kuti zonsezi ndi zovuta kuphunzira, pali kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi.
- Matenda Oledzera : Pachifukwa ichi, vuto lomwe mwana amakhala nalo ndi vuto lolemba makalata kapena mawu. Ili ndi vuto lowerenga.
- Dysgraphia: Vuto apa ndilakuti n'kovuta kulemba malingaliro omwe ali m'maganizo mwanu ngati mawu papepala. Ndiko kuti, ndi vuto lolemba.
Taganizirani izi motere: vuto la kuwerenga lili ngati kusatha kuwerenga mapu omwe wina wajambula. Vuto la kuwerenga lili ngati kusatha kujambula mapu wekha. Ana ena akhoza kukhala ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu ziwirizi, koma ana ena akhoza kukhala ndi zonse ziwiri.
Kodi pali kugwirizana pakati pa autism ndi ADHD?
Dysgraphia ndi vuto la kuphunzira. Autism, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), ndi vuto lina. Limakhudza kwambiri kulankhulana ndi anthu. Komabe, chifukwa luso la chilankhulo limakhudzidwa, mwana yemwe ali ndi autism amathanso kukhala ndi dysgraphia. Dysgraphia imapezekanso kwambiri pakati pa ana omwe ali ndi vuto la kusakhazikika maganizo (ADHD) .
Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya dysgraphia ndi iti?
Pali mitundu ingapo ya dysgraphia. Nthawi zina mwana akhoza kukhala ndi mitundu yoposa imodzi mwa iyi. Tiyeni tiwone mwachidule zomwe izi ndi.
| Mtundu wa dysgraphia | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Dyslexic Dysgraphia | Chomwe chimachitika pankhaniyi ndichakuti mutha kutchula mawu molondola mukamalankhula, koma mukalemba, mumalakwitsa ndipo kalembedwe kanu nthawi zambiri kamakhala kolakwika. Komabe, kulemba kwanu kungakhale komveka bwino pang'ono. |
| Kusokonezeka kwa Magalimoto | Izi zikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi ntchito ya dzanja. N'zovuta kugwira cholembera/pensulo bwino, ndipo n'zosatheka kulemba bwino. Malembedwe ake ndi osokonezeka kwambiri. Komabe, mawuwo amatha kutchulidwa bwino ndi pakamwa. |
| Kusokonezeka kwa Malo | Ana awa samvetsa momwe angalembere pogwiritsa ntchito mipata pakati pa zilembo ndi mawu. N'zovuta kulemba bwino pa rula. Vutoli limachitikanso pokopera chinthu kuchokera kwinakwake. Ana awa angakhalenso ndi vuto lojambula. |
| Kusokonezeka kwa Mawu | Vuto ndi ana awa ndilakuti amavutika kulumikiza mawu a liwu ndi chilembo chofanana (spelling). Ngakhale amatha kulemba mawu omwe amawadziwa, amavutika kulemba mawu atsopano komanso osazolowereka. |
| Kusokonezeka kwa Mawu | Ngakhale amatha kulemba mawu okhala ndi malamulo osavuta, ana awa sangathe kulemba mawu ovuta omwe amapangidwa molakwika. Mwachitsanzo, sangathe kulemba malo oyenera a zilembo monga '', '', '', ''. |
Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa dysgraphia?
Chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli mwa ana sichikudziwikabe. Komabe, kwa akuluakulu, nthawi zina zimatha kuchitika ubongo utawonongeka, monga sitiroko. Kwa ana, nthawi zambiri zimachitika limodzi ndi mavuto ena ophunzirira, monga ADHD ndi dyslexia.
Kodi ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe tingaone?
Makolo ndi aphunzitsi amaona zizindikiro izi pokhapokha mwana akayamba kulemba kusukulu. Onani ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikiro izi.
- Malembedwe ake ndi osamveka bwino komanso osagwirizana (monga mawu omwewo amalembedwa m'malembo ocheperako ndi akuluakulu, zilembo zopendekeka ndi zilembo zoyimirira).
- Ndikamalemba, ndimalemba mosamala kwambiri . Zimanditengera nthawi yayitali kuti ndikope chinthu pa bolodi.
- Amagwira pensulo mwamphamvu kwambiri , kotero amati manja awo apweteka atalemba kwa kanthawi.
- Malo omwe ali papepala sagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino . N'zovuta kulemba pakati pa olamulira awiri komanso mkati mwa malire.
- Nthawi zonse ndimafufuta ndikalemba.
- Kuchuluka kwa malo pakati pa zilembo ndi mawu sikofanana.
- Kalembedwe kake ndi kolakwika kwambiri . Nthawi zina mawu samalizidwa, kapena mawu kapena zilembo zimasiyidwa.
- Akamalemba, amagwira thupi kapena mutu wawo mwanjira yachilendo , kapena amalemba pepalalo litatembenuzidwa mwanjira yachilendo.
- N'zovuta kuganiza ndi kulemba nthawi imodzi . Choncho mukapemphedwa kulemba nkhani yolenga, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.
Kodi mungazindikire bwanji vutoli?
Chofunika kwambiri ndi kufufuza nkhaniyi m'malo momuimba mlandu mwanayo chifukwa cha kulemba kwake kolakwika, poganiza kuti ndi chifukwa cha ulesi .
Gawo loyamba ndikuonana ndi dokotala wa ana kuti akaone ngati pali matenda ena aliwonse omwe angakhudze kulemba kwanu.
Kenako, katswiri wa zamaganizo kapena katswiri wa maphunziro wophunzitsidwa za mavuto ophunzirira adzadziwa ngati izi ndi dysgraphia. Muthanso kupempha thandizo kwa katswiri wa zamaganizo kusukulu ya mwana pankhaniyi.
Katswiriyo adzapatsa mwanayo mayeso angapo omwe amayesa luso lolemba ndi maphunziro. Mwachitsanzo,
- Aloleni alembe mawu ndi ziganizo.
- Akufuna china chake ndipo akukulolani kuti muchikopere.
- Zimakuuzani kuti muchite zinazake ndi zala zanu kapena kuzunguliza dzanja lanu mwanjira inayake.
Pa nthawiyi, katswiriyo amafufuza momwe cholembera cha mwana chimagwirira, momwe thupi lake limakhalira, liwiro lolemba, komanso mtundu wa ntchito yomalizidwa.
Kodi ndingathandize bwanji monga kholo?
Palibe "mankhwala" enieni a dysgraphia. Koma pali zinthu zambiri zomwe tingachite kuti tithandize mwana ndikumuphunzitsa kukhala bwino ndi vutoli. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuzindikira msanga ndikupatsa mwanayo chithandizo chomwe akufunikira.
| Njira zothandizira mwana | |
|---|---|
| Zinthu zomwe mungachite kunyumba | |
| Zida zolembera | Gwiritsani ntchito mabuku okhala ndi ma rule akuluakulu, mabuku olamulira a sikweya, kapena mapepala okhala ndi mizere yokwezedwa. Gwiritsani ntchito zinthu monga 'zogwirira pensulo' zomwe mumayika pa pensulo yanu. |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo | Phunzitsani mwana wanu kulemba pa kompyuta m'malo molemba ndi manja. Phunzitsani kulemba msanga momwe angathere. |
| Chilimbikitso chabwino | Musamuimbe mlandu mwana wanu chifukwa cha ntchito yovutayi. M'malo mwake, muyamikireni chifukwa cha khama lake. Mulimbikitseni kuti akuthandizeni. Kambiranani naye za vutoli ndipo mumvetse kuti si vuto lake. |
| Kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo | Musanayambe kulemba, chitani zinthu zosavuta monga kugwedeza manja anu mwachangu, kuwakanda pamodzi, kapena kufinya mpira wolimbitsa manja kuti mulimbikitse minofu ya manja anu. |
| Mapindu omwe amapezeka kusukulu | |
| Kulankhula ndi mphunzitsi | Lankhulani ndi aphunzitsi za momwe mwana wanu alili komanso zosowa zake. Mwana wanu akhoza kukhala woyenera kulandira maphunziro apadera kapena zinthu zina zapadera (monga Pulogalamu Yophunzirira Yokha). |
| Thandizo lomwe lingapemphedwe |
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Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Dysgraphia si ulesi wa mwana kapena cholakwika. Ndi matenda enieni okhudzana ndi ntchito ya ubongo.
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira ndi kuthetsa mavuto a kulemba a mwana akadali aang'ono.
- Ngakhale kuti palibe chithandizo chenicheni cha izi, ndi chithandizo choyenera, njira, ndi malo oti mwanayo aphunzire bwino kusukulu, mwanayo akhoza kupitiriza kuphunzira bwino.
- Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikiro izi, choyamba funsani dokotala wa banja lanu, kenako mutumizeni kwa katswiri woyenera. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kumvetsetsa ndi kuthandiza mwanayo, osati kumudzudzula.
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