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Kodi mitundu ya magazi imeneyi ndi iti?
Mwachidule, magazi athu ndi osiyana pang'ono. Kusiyana kumeneku ndi komwe kumayambitsa mitundu ya magazi athu. Mwina mwamvapo anthu akunena kuti, "Mtundu wa magazi anga ndi B positive" kapena "Mtundu wa magazi anga ndi O positive." Ndi zimenezo. Pali mitundu inayi ikuluikulu ya magazi. Iyi ndi:- Mtundu wa magazi A (A)
- B (B) mtundu wa magazi
- Mtundu wa magazi a AB
- Mtundu wa magazi O
N’chifukwa chiyani mitundu ya magazi imeneyi ndi yosiyana? Nkhani ya maselo ofiira a magazi amenewo!
Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone chifukwa chake mitundu iyi ya magazi imagawidwa m'magulu A, B, O, ndi AB. Maselo athu ofiira amagazi ali ngati asilikali ang'onoang'ono omwe amanyamula mpweya m'thupi lonse. Asilikali awa ali ndi "zizindikiro" zapadera kapena "mabaji" pa "yunifolomu" yawo kapena pamalo awo. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha awa (Antigens) . Pali mitundu iwiri ya (Antigens) yomwe imakhudza kwambiri dongosolo la mtundu wa magazi la ABO: A (Antigen) ndi B (Antigen).- Mtundu wa magazi A: Ngati maselo ofiira a magazi anu ali ndi antigen A yokha, ndiye kuti mtundu wa magazi anu ndi A.
- Mtundu wa Magazi B: Ngati maselo ofiira a magazi anu ali ndi antigen B yokha, ndiye kuti mtundu wa magazi anu ndi B.
- Mtundu wa magazi a AB: Ngati maselo ofiira anu ali ndi ma antigen onse a A ndi B, ndiye kuti mtundu wa magazi anu ndi AB. Anthuwa ali ndi ma antigen onse awiri pa maselo awo ofiira a magazi.
- Mtundu wa magazi O: Ngati maselo ofiira anu alibe ma antigen a A kapena B, ndiye kuti mtundu wa magazi anu ndi O. O umatanthauza "zero," kutanthauza kuti ulibe ma antigen enieniwa.
- Anthu omwe ali ndi gulu la magazi A ali ndi Antibodies'' (Anti-B) motsutsana ndi Antigen'' (B). Izi zikutanthauza kuti gulu la magazi B siligwirizana nawo.
- Anthu omwe ali ndi gulu la magazi B ali ndi Antibodies'' (Anti-A) motsutsana ndi Antigen'' A. Izi zikutanthauza kuti gulu la magazi A siligwirizana nawo.
- Mtundu wa magazi a ABAnthu alibe Antibodies motsutsana ndi Antigens A kapena B awa. Chifukwa chake, amatha kulandira maselo ofiira amagazi kuchokera ku mtundu uliwonse (kuphatikiza Rh factor) A, B, AB, O (tikambirana izi posachedwa).
- Anthu omwe ali ndi magazi amtundu wa O ali ndi ma antibodies (Anti-A ndi Anti-B) motsutsana ndi mitundu yonse ya magazi a A ndi B. Chifukwa chake, amangolandira magazi amtundu wa O okha.
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Check Availability →Kodi chinthu (+) chabwino, (-) choipa n'chiyani? (Rh Factor)
Tsopano muyenera kuti mwamvapo za zinthu monga A positive (A+), B negative (B-). Kuwonjezera pa A, B, AB, O, palinso chidutswa china chaching'ono chowonjezedwa. Izi ndi kaya ndi positive (+) kapena negative (-). Timatcha izi kuti Rh factor (Rh Factor) . Uwu ndi mtundu wina wa (Antigen) pamwamba pa maselo ofiira a magazi. (Antigen) iyi imatchedwa D (Antigen) (RhD antigen).- Ngati muli ndi D (Antigen) iyi pa maselo ofiira a magazi anu, ndiye kuti muli ndi Rh positive . Timaiwonetsa ndi chizindikiro cha (+). Anthu ambiri ku Sri Lanka ali ndi Rh positive.
- Ngati mulibe D (Antigen) iyi pa maselo anu ofiira a magazi, ndiye kuti muli ndi Rh negative . Tikuwonetsa zimenezo ndi chizindikiro (-). Pali anthu ochepa a Rh negative.
- Zabwino (A+)
- Choyipa (A-)
- B Yabwino (B+)
- B Yoipa (B-)
- AB positive (AB+)
- AB Negative (AB-)
- O zabwino (O+)
- O yoipa (O-)
N’chifukwa chiyani n’kofunika kwambiri kudziwa mtundu wa magazi athu?
Chabwino, tsopano mwina mukuganiza kuti, "N'chifukwa chiyani ndingafune kudziwa mtundu wa magazi anga?" Ndi funso lofunika kwambiri . Pali zifukwa zingapo.1. Kuika Magazi Pakagwa Mwadzidzidzi
Mungaganize kuti, "Mulungu wanga, izi siziyenera kuchitika," koma ngati mwachita ngozi ndipo mwataya magazi ambiri, kapena ngati muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni yayikulu, mungafunike kupereka magazi owonjezera. Pazochitika zotere, muyenera kupereka magazi oyenera . Kodi mukudziwa chiyani? Ngati mupereka magazi olakwika, thupi lanu lidzazindikira maselo atsopano a magazi ngati "mdani" ndikuyamba kuwaukira. Izi zimatchedwa kuti "reaction of shed reaction" . Izi zitha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri , nthawi zina zimayambitsa kulephera kwa impso, kuvutika kupuma, kapena ngakhale imfa. Kunena zoona, zili ngati nkhondo yoopsa pakati pa "Antigens" ndi "Antibodies" zomwe zatchulidwa kale m'thupi lanu. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti madokotala adziwe mtundu wa magazi anu molondola.2. Pa nthawi ya mimba
Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa akazi. Ngati mayi ali ndi Rh negative ndipo mwana m'mimba ali ndi Rh positive (izi zitha kudziwika ndi mtundu wa magazi a abambo), mavuto ena amatha kuchitika. Ngakhale kuti mwana woyamba nthawi zambiri samakhala ndi mavuto akulu, panthawi yobereka, maselo ofiira ena a mwana amatha kusakanikirana ndi magazi a mayi. Kenako thupi la mayi limapanga Antibodies'' motsutsana ndi Antigen'' ya Rh positive. Tsopano, ngati mwana wachiwiri alinso ndi Rh positive, Antibodies'' zomwe zidapangidwa kale m'thupi la mayi zimatha kuwononga maselo ofiira a mwana. Izi zimatchedwa Rh incompatibility . Izi zingayambitse mavuto monga kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi jaundice mwa mwana. Koma musadandaule, pali mankhwala abwino a izi tsopano. Madokotala amafufuza izi panthawi ya mimba ndipo, ngati pakufunika, amapereka jakisoni wotchedwa Anti-D kuti aletse kupanga ma antibodies awa. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikiranso kudziwa mtundu wa magazi a mayi.3. Popereka magazi
Ngati ndinu wopereka magazi, kudziwa mtundu wa magazi anu kungakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa omwe mungawathandize. Zimathandizanso malo osungira magazi kupereka magazi kwa odwala omwe akufunika mitundu yosiyanasiyana.Kodi pali mtundu wa magazi womwe aliyense angapereke kwa munthu pakagwa ngozi? (Wopereka magazi kwa aliyense)
Inde, pali mtundu wapadera wa magazi. Umenewo ndi mtundu wa magazi wopanda O. Pakagwa mwadzidzidzi, ngati palibe nthawi yoti mudziwe msanga mtundu wa magazi a wodwalayo, madokotala amatha kupereka maselo ofiira opanda O. Kodi mukudziwa chifukwa chake? Chifukwa maselo a magazi opanda O alibe ma antigen a A ndi B pamwamba pawo, kapena antigen ya Rh D. Chifukwa chake, magazi awa akalowetsedwa m'thupi la munthu wokhala ndi mtundu uliwonse wa magazi, thupi silichitapo kanthu kwambiri motsutsana nawo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake magazi opanda O amatchedwa "Universal Donor" (makamaka maselo ofiira a magazi).Koma kumbukirani, izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazidzidzidzi zokha. Ndi bwino kupatsa wodwalayo mtundu wa magazi woyenera kwambiri (wonse wogwirizana ndi ABO ndi Rh) nthawi iliyonse yomwe zingatheke.Komanso, anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wa magazi a AB amatha kulandira maselo ofiira a magazi kuchokera ku mtundu uliwonse wa magazi a ABO/Rh. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi AB amatchedwanso "olandira onse" (maselo ofiira a magazi). Chifukwa alibe ma antibodies olimbana ndi ma antigen a A, B, kapena Rh m'magazi awo. Komabe, amatha kupereka magazi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi AB okha.
Kodi gulu la magazi limayesedwa bwanji? Kodi ndi chinthu chomwe timalandira kuchokera kwa makolo athu?
Inde, ndi zoona. Mtundu wa magazi athu umatsimikiziridwa ndi majini omwe timapeza kuchokera kwa amayi ndi abambo athu. Monga momwe mtundu wa tsitsi lathu, mtundu wa maso athu, ndi kutalika kwathu. Izi ndi nkhani yovuta kwambiri ya majini, koma mwachidule, mtundu wa magazi anu umatsimikiziridwa ndi kuphatikiza jini imodzi kuchokera kwa amayi anu ndi jini imodzi kuchokera kwa abambo anu. Mwachitsanzo:- Ngati makolo onse awiri ali ndi mtundu wa magazi wa O, mwana nayenso adzakhala ndi mtundu wa magazi wa O.
- Koma winayoMu mitundu ya magazi , zingakhale zosiyana pang'ono. Nthawi zina mwana akhoza kukhala ndi mtundu wa magazi wosiyana ndi wa mayi ndi bambo (mwachitsanzo, ngati mayi ndi A ndipo bambo ndi B, mwanayo akhoza kukhala A, B, AB, kapena O). Zimatengera momwe majini amapangira pamodzi.
Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji mtundu wa magazi anga?
Njira yabwino yodziwira bwino mtundu wa magazi anu ndi kuyezetsa magazi . Izi zimatchedwa mayeso a "Blood Grouping and Rh Typing".- Mungathe kufunsa za izi mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala.
- Kupanda kutero, ngati mupita kukapereka magazi, adzafufuza mtundu wa magazi anu. Kupereka magazi si chizolowezi chabwino chokha, komanso mwayi wodziwa mtundu wa magazi anu kwaulere.
- M'zipatala zina, mtundu wa magazi umayesedwanso musanachite opaleshoni , mwachitsanzo.
Tiyeni tikonze zokambiranazi ndikuzikumbukira? (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)
Chabwino, tiyeni tikambirane zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe takambirana lero. Izi zitha kukhala zothandiza pa moyo wanu tsiku lina.- Tonsefe tili ndi gulu la magazi. Pali mitundu inayi ikuluikulu: A, B, AB, ndi O.
- Kuonjezera pa izi, palinso Rh positive (+) kapena Rh negative (-) . Zonsezi pamodzi zimapanga gulu lonse la magazi (monga A+, O-).
- Mtundu wa magazi umatsimikiziridwa ndi ma antigen omwe ali pamwamba pa maselo ofiira a magazi.
- Kudziwa mtundu wa magazi anu n'kofunika kwambiri popereka magazi, kulandira magazi ( kuikidwa magazi ), kuchitidwa opaleshoni, komanso panthawi ya mimba . Kupereka mtundu wolakwika wa magazi n'koopsa.
- Mtundu wa magazi wopanda O ungaperekedwe kwa aliyense kuti alandire maselo ofiira a magazi pakagwa ngozi ( wopereka magazi onse).
- Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wa magazi wa AB akhoza kulandira maselo ofiira a magazi kuchokera kwa mtundu uliwonse ( wolandira magazi onse).
- Kayezetseni magazi kuti mudziwe mtundu wa magazi anu. Lembani pansi ndipo musunge pamalo otetezeka.
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