Kodi mwana wanu akuoneka kuti akusokonezeka mukamalankhula? Tiyeni tikambirane za matenda a Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD)!

Kodi mwana wanu sakumvetsera bwino mukamalankhula? Kapena mumamva ngati akusokonezeka ndi zomwe mukunena? Nthawi zina pangakhale kusiyana kwa momwe ana amamvera mawu. Pazochitika zotere, vuto lotchedwa Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder, kapena (ANSD) mwachidule, lingakhale chifukwa chake. Musadandaule, tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta.

Kodi ichi ndi chiyani (Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder - ANSD)?

Mwachidule, makutu athu ndi omwe amatithandiza kumva mawu otizungulira. Kenako, amasintha mawu amenewo kukhala mauthenga omwe ubongo ungamvetse ndikutumiza ku ubongo. Komabe, nthawi zina mauthenga awa amasokonezeka akafika ku ubongo, kapena samafika konse. Ndicho chimene timachitcha kuti Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder, kapena (ANSD).

Nazi zina mwa zinthu zomwe zingachitikire ana omwe ali ndi vutoli (ANSD):

• Zingakhale zovuta kusiyanitsa mawu amodzi ndi ena.
• Mwina simungathe kumvetsa bwino zomwe wina akunena.
• Zingamveke ngati mukumva phokoso kenako mwadzidzidzi n’kulitaya .
• Zingaoneke ngati zomwe mumamva tsiku lina si zomwe mumamva tsiku lotsatira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zomwe mumamva zimasintha .

Koma pali nkhani yabwino. Ngakhale ana omwe ali ndi vutoli (ANSD) amatha kukulitsa luso lawo lolankhula ndikulankhulana bwino ndi ena pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamankhwala zoyenera, chithandizo, ndi njira zolankhulirana ndi maso (monga njira zolankhulirana pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zooneka).

N’chifukwa chiyani izi (ANSD) zimachitika? Kodi zimayambitsa chiyani?

Chifukwa chachikulu cha vutoli (ANSD) ndi kuwonongeka kwinakwake mu mitsempha yomvera , gawo la khutu lathu lamkati lotchedwa cochlea (lomwe limasonkhanitsa mawu ndikupanga mauthenga) ndi ubongo.

Ana ngati awa ali ndi mwayi wokulirapo wopeza matendawa (ANSD):

• Kwa makanda obadwa tsiku lawo lobadwa lisanafike nthawi yobereka (makanda obadwa nthawi isanakwane).
• Ngati wina aliyense m'banjamo adakumanapo ndi vutoli (ANSD) kale.
• Ngati matenda a jaundice aakulu ayamba kubadwa.
• Ngati palibe mpweya wokwanira mwana asanabadwe kapena atabadwa ((mpweya wochepa)) .
• Pali mankhwala ena omwe angawononge ziwalo zomvera mkati mwa khutu kapena mitsempha yomvera. Ngati mwana walandira mankhwala otere .
• Ngati muli ndi matenda enaake a majini kapena matenda amitsempha , monga matenda a Charcot Marie Tooth.
• Ngati mwavulala mutu kwambiri .

Kodi mumadziwa bwanji ngati muli ndi (ANSD)? Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zimenezi zingayambe pa msinkhu uliwonse. Komabe, makanda ambiri amabadwa ndi vutoli (ANSD).Zitha kukhala zofatsa mpaka zokhwima. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, ana ena amamva mawu mwachibadwa koma amavutika kumvetsa zomwe zikunenedwa momveka bwino.

Ana awa akhoza kupambana mayeso oyezetsa kumva kwa makanda, koma pakapita nthawi amazindikira pang'onopang'ono kuti ali ndi mavuto akumva.

Samalirani zinthu izi m'chaka choyamba cha mwana wanu.

Onani ngati mwana wanu akuyankha bwino pa nthawi ya kumva imeneyi m'chaka choyamba cha moyo wake. Apo ayi, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala.

• Mwana wobadwa kumene : Kodi amadzidzimuka kapena "kusanza" mwadzidzidzi akamva phokoso lalikulu?
• Pofika miyezi itatu : Kodi mwana wanu amazindikira mawu a amayi ake kapena abambo ake? Kodi amatembenuza mutu wake mbali imeneyo?
• Pofika miyezi pafupifupi 6 : Kodi mwana wanu amatembenuza maso ake kapena mutu wake mbali imeneyo akamva phokoso latsopano? Kodi amabwereza mawu ngati "uh" ndi "ah"?
• Pofika miyezi pafupifupi 12 (chaka chimodzi) : Kodi mwana wanu amapanga mawu ang'onoang'ono, opanda tanthauzo (mawu otukwana)? Kodi mwana wanu amayankha mukamutchula dzina lake? Kodi mwana wanu amayesa kutsanzira mawu? Kodi mwana wanu amanena mawu ochepa, monga "mama" ndi "bye-bye"?

Mwana wanu akakula pang'ono, onani ngati ali ndi zizindikiro izi.

Pamene mwana wanu akukula, angasonyeze zizindikiro ngati izi ngati ali ndi vuto la kumva:

• Kulankhula kumakhala kochepa, kosamveka bwino, kapena sikulankhulidwa konse .
• Kodi mukuona ngati simukumvedwa kapena kuti simukutsatira malangizo ?
• Kodi simuyankha mukalankhulana mwachizolowezi, kapena mumapereka mayankho osayenera ?
• Kodi mumasokonezeka mosavuta mukakhala ndi phokoso lalikulu ?
• Kodi mukufuna kukweza voliyumu ya TV kwambiri ?
• Kodi muli ndi vuto la kuphunzira ?

Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse za mwana wanu, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala. Ndicho chinthu chabwino kwambiri kuchita.

Kodi mumadziwa bwanji ngati muli ndi vuto la (ANSD)?

Katswiri wa za makutu ndiye munthu yekhayo amene angathe kuzindikira matenda a ANSD molondola. Iye ndiye amene amachita mayeso apadera komanso kuthandiza anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto akumva. Pali mayeso akuluakulu angapo omwe angathandize kuzindikira matenda a ANSD:

Kodi mayeso awa ndi ati?

• Mayeso a Otoacoustic emission (OAE) : Izi zimayesa momwe gawo la khutu lamkati lotchedwa cochlea likugwirira ntchito. Izi zimachitika mwana akagona kapena atakhala chete. Ma earphone ang'onoang'ono amayikidwa m'khutu ndipo amatulutsa phokoso lochepa, monga phokoso lodina. Kenako, yankho lochokera m'khutu lamkati limayesedwa ndi zomata zazing'ono zotchedwa ma electrodes.
• Mayeso a ABR (Auditory brainstem response): Izi zimayesa bwino komanso momveka bwino momwe phokoso lochokera mkati mwa khutu limayendera kudzera mu mitsempha yomvera kupita ku ubongo, womwe uli pansi pa ubongo. Ngati chidziwitsocho sichikupita ku ubongo momveka bwino, mayesowa adzawonetsa. Nthawi zambiri, ngati mayeso a (OAE) ndi abwinobwino, ndipo mayeso a (ABR) alibe yankho lalikulu kapena alibe, ndiye kuti pali mwayi waukulu wa (ANSD).
• Mayeso a minofu yapakati pa khutu (MEMR) : Pali minofu yaying'ono mkati mwa khutu lathu yomwe imalimba yokha tikamva phokoso lalikulu. Ndicho chifukwa chake imatchedwa (MEMR). Mu mayesowa, nsonga yaying'ono ya rabara imayikidwa m'khutu ndipo phokoso lalikulu limatumizidwa. Makina amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuona momwe minofu iyi imayankhira phokoso. Pankhani ya mwana yemwe ali ndi (ANSD), izi sizimachitika ndi phokoso lalikulu, kapena zimafunika phokoso lalikulu kwambiri kuposa munthu wamba kuti apeze yankho.

Mapulogalamu owunikira makutu a ana obadwa kumene angagwiritse ntchito mitundu yosavuta ya mayeso awa (OAE) ndi (ABR). Komabe, kuti mupeze matenda molondola (ANSD), mayesowa ayenera kuchitidwa mokwanira.

Ndi mayeso ena ati omwe angafunike?

Mwanayo atapezeka ndi matenda a (ANSD), angafunike kuyesedwanso kangapo:

• Kuyesa kwa (MRI) : Kuona ngati pali vuto lililonse mkati mwa khutu komanso ngati pali mitsempha yomvera m'makutu onse awiri.
• Kuyesa majini : Kuti muwone ngati vutoli (ANSD) ndi gawo la matenda a majini.
• Kuyezetsa matenda a mitsempha : Yang'anani mavuto ena a mitsempha.
• Kuyezetsa maso : Mavuto akumva ndi mavuto a maso nthawi zambiri zimayendera limodzi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwonana ndi dokotala wa maso ngati mwana yemwe ali ndi ANSD wapezeka ndi matendawa.

Kodi vutoli (ANSD) limachiritsidwa bwanji?

Ana omwe ali ndi ANSD amathandizidwa ndi gulu la akatswiri . Izi zikutanthauza kuti katswiri wa kumva (katswiri wa makutu), katswiri wa makutu, mphuno ndi pakhosi (dokotala wa ENT), katswiri wa chilankhulo cholankhulira (wothandizira chilankhulo cholankhulira), ndi katswiri wa maphunziro amagwira ntchito limodzi kuti apange dongosolo labwino kwambiri la chithandizo.

Chithandizo chimadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo msinkhu wa mwana, gawo la mitsempha yomvera lomwe silikugwira ntchito bwino, komanso momwe vuto la kumva lilili lalikulu.

Kawirikawiri, ana awa amapindula kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zothandizira kumva. Pamodzi ndi zipangizozi, kupitiriza kuchiza chilankhulo kuti akonze luso la mwana lolankhula ndi kumvetsera ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera zotsatira .

Kodi zipangizo zothandiza zimenezi ndi ziti?

• Machitidwe osinthira ma frequency (FM): Dongosolo ili (FM) limachepetsa phokoso losafunikira lomwe likuzungulirani ndipo limapangitsa mawu a wokamba nkhani (monga mphunzitsi) kumveka bwino komanso mokweza. Wokamba nkhaniyo amavala maikolofoni yaying'ono ndi (wotumiza mawu). Wotumiza mawu uyu amatumiza chizindikiro chamagetsi ku (wolandira mawu) chomwe mwana amavala m'khutu mwake kapena chomwe chimalumikizidwa mwachindunji ku (chothandizira kumva). Izi ndizothandiza kwambiri m'makalasi ndi malo ena aphokoso chifukwa zimatha kunyamulidwa.
• Chothandizira kumva : Ichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa mawu omwe amafika khutu. Ana ena omwe ali ndi ANSD angapindule ndi zothandizira kumva, makamaka akagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi makina a FM omwe tawatchula kale. Komabe, zothandizira kumva zokha sizothandiza kwambiri kwa ana omwe ali ndi ANSD , chifukwa zimangokulitsa mawu omwe ali kale omveka bwino.
• Choyikamo cha Cochlear : Kwa ana ena omwe ali ndi ANSD, makamaka omwe salandira thandizo lokwanira kuchokera ku zothandizira kumva, choyikamo cha cochlear ndi njira yabwino. Ichi ndi chipangizo chomwe chimayikidwa opaleshoni m'khutu . Chimadutsa mbali za khutu zomwe sizikugwira ntchito bwino ndipo chimalimbikitsa mwachindunji mitsempha yomvera. Ndi maphunziro abwino komanso chithandizo chopitilira, ana omwe ali ndi choyikamo cha cochlear amatha kuphunzira kumva bwino ndikulankhula bwino.

Kodi mukufuna kudziwa chiyani china?

Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito zothandizira kumva, ana omwe ali ndi ANSD amathanso kuphunzira luso lolankhulana ndi maso, zomwe ndi njira zolankhulirana pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe amaona ndi maso awo.

Kodi njira zolankhulirana ndi maso ndi ziti?

• Chilankhulo cha Manja : Ichi ndi chilankhulo chosiyana. Chili ndi galamala yakeyake, mawu ake, ndi kapangidwe kake ka ziganizo. Chapangidwa kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwa chilankhulo cholankhulidwa.
• Kulankhula Kolembedwa : Izi zimaphatikizapo wokamba nkhani akupanga manja mozungulira pakamwa. Manja amenewa amathandiza womvera kusiyanitsa zilembo zomwe zimafanana (monga 'ব' ndi 'প', kapena 'ম' ndi 'ব'). Kulankhula Kolembedwa kungagwiritsidwe ntchito m'chinenero chilichonse, ndipo n'kothandiza kwambiri m'mabanja olankhula zilankhulo ziwiri.
• Kusaina Chingerezi Cholondola (ONANI) : Iyi ndi njira ya chilankhulo cha manja yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito Chingerezi chomwecho chomwe chimalankhulidwa mofanana, liwu ndi liwu. Ilinso ndi zinthu zina za chilankhulo cha manja, koma kapangidwe ka ziganizo ndi galamala zimabwerekedwa kuchokera ku Chingerezi.

Cued Speech ndi SEE zonse zimamasulira zomwe zalankhulidwa mwachindunji. Zonsezi zapangidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi chilankhulo cholankhulidwa kuti zikuthandizeni kumvetsetsa bwino zinthu zomwe kungowerenga milomo kokha sikungathe.

Makolo ali ndi udindo wofunikira kwambiri pophunzitsa ana awo omwe ali ndi ANSD kulankhulana ndi kulankhula ndi ena. Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zitha kupezeka pogwira ntchito limodzi ndi gulu lachipatala.

Mungapeze zambiri ndi chithandizo pa mawebusayiti monga awa:

• CDC: Kutaya Kumva ndi Mwana Wanu (Webusaiti ya US Centers for Disease Control)
• Manja ndi Mawu (network ya makolo ndi akatswiri)

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, tiyeni tikukumbutseni zina mwa zinthu zomwe takambirana zomwe muyenera kukumbukira.

• Matenda a Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD) ndi vuto lomwe mauthenga ochokera ku khutu kupita ku ubongo amasokonezeka kapena sakuyenda bwino.
• Ndikofunikira kuzindikira izi msanga . Ngati mukukayikira kuti mwana wanu wasintha kapena wachedwa kumva, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
• Vutoli lingathe kuzindikirika molondola pokhapokha pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso apadera monga (OAE) ndi (ABR).
• Musadandaule, zipangizo monga (FM) systems, (zipangizo zothandizira kumva), (cochlear implants), njira zothandizira kulankhula, ndi njira zolankhulirana ndi maso zingathandize mwana wanu kulankhula bwino .
• Monga makolo, chidwi chanu, kudzipereka kwanu, komanso kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi gulu lachipatala ndizo mphamvu zazikulu kwa mwana wanu .

Kumbukirani kuti mwana aliyense ndi wosiyana, choncho ndikofunikira kupeza chithandizo ndi chithandizo choyenera kwa mwana wanu.

Matenda a Mitsempha ya Kumva, ANSD, Mavuto a Kumva, Thanzi la Ana, Mayeso a Kumva, Zomera za Cochlear, Chithandizo cha Kulankhula