Mtsinje wa moyo m'magazi mwanu: Tiyeni tiphunzire chilichonse chokhudza Plasma.

Mukaganizira za magazi, madzi ofiira amakubwererani m'maganizo, sichoncho? Koma kodi mumadziwa kuti magazi anu oposa theka ndi madzi achikasu? Ndicho chimene timachitcha plasma. Chili ngati mtsinje wa moyo m'matupi athu. Chilichonse chomwe matupi athu amafunikira chimayenda mumtsinje uwu. Kotero lero, tiyeni tikambirane za madzi odabwitsa awa, plasma, mwachidule.

Kodi Plasma ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, plasma ndi gawo lamadzimadzi la magazi anu. Kunena zoona, imapanga 55%, kapena kupitirira pang'ono theka, la kuchuluka kwa magazi anu onse. Maselo onse ofiira a magazi, maselo oyera a magazi, ndi ma platelet omwe mudamvapo amayandama mu plasma iyi, ndikunyamula m'thupi lanu lonse.

Taganizirani izi ngati saladi ya zipatso. Zidutswa za zipatsozo ndi maselo ofiira ndi oyera a magazi ndi ma platelet. Jelly yomwe yasakanizidwa pamodzi ili ngati plasma.

Madzi a m'magazi awa ndi 92% ya madzi. 7% yotsalayo ndi mapuloteni (monga ma antibodies, coagulation factors, albumin, fibrinogen). 1% ina ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu, monga mahomoni, mavitamini, mchere, ndi ma enzyme.

Kodi n’chifukwa chiyani plasma ndi yofunika kwambiri m’thupi lathu?

Plasma si madzi ochepa chabe. Imagwira ntchito yambiri m'thupi lathu. Taganizirani za plasma ngati mtsinje. Maselo ena amagazi ali ngati maboti omwe amayenda pamtsinjewo. Ngati madzi mumtsinjewo achepa, mabotiwo sangathe kuyenda, eti? Umu ndi momwe zilili. Popanda plasma, magazi athu sangayende.

Onani tebulo ili m'munsimu kuti muwone ntchito zofunika zomwe plasma imachita m'thupi lathu.

Kodi plasma imapangidwa bwanji ndipo ndi mtundu wanji?

Plasma si chinthu chomwe chimapangidwa pamalo amodzi. Imapangidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa ma electrolyte, omwe ndi mchere womwe timayamwa kudzera m'maselo athu am'mimba kuchokera m'madzi omwe timamwa komanso chakudya chomwe timadya. Koma mapuloteni ofunikira kwambiri omwe amawonjezeredwa amachokera kumalo enaake m'thupi lathu.

• Mafupa
• Maselo a magazi akale komanso akufa
• Chiwindi
• Nkhumba

Mapuloteni amenewa akaphatikizana ndi madzi amenewo, plasma yonse imapangidwa.

Kawirikawiri, maselo ofiira a m'magazi akachotsedwa m'magazi, plasma imakhala yachikasu chopepuka, ngati udzu. Komabe, ngati muli ndi vuto la matenda, mtundu uwu ukhoza kusintha. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe maselo ofiira a m'magazi amasweka (hemolysis), plasma ikhoza kukhala ya pinki. Ngati muli ndi matenda a chiwindi, omwe amayambitsa jaundice, plasma ikhoza kukhala yobiriwira kapena yofiirira.

Mitundu ikuluikulu ya mapuloteni mu plasma

Tinanena kuti plasma ili ndi mapuloteni ambiri ofunikira. Awa ndi ena mwa mitundu ikuluikulu.

Matenda ndi zizindikiro zomwe zingagwirizane ndi plasma

Ngati pali kusalinganika kapena cholakwika mu plasma, matenda osiyanasiyana amatha kuchitika.

Matenda ena:

• Matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mavuto pakugwira ntchito kwa mapuloteni, mwachitsanzo `(Amyloidosis)`.
• Matenda omwe amayambitsa mavuto a magazi kuundana, mwachitsanzo `(Hemophilia)` ndi `(von Willebrand disease)`.
• Matenda omwe amachepetsa chitetezo chamthupi (kusowa kwa mapuloteni oteteza thupi m'magazi).
• Myeloma ndi khansa yomwe imakhudza mafupa.

Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za:

Ngati mukupitiriza kukhala ndi zinthu zimenezi, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala.

• Ngakhale kuvulala pang'ono kungayambitse bala lalikulu kapena kutuluka magazi pang'ono.
• Kupweteka kwa mafupa.
• Kumva kuti mtima ukugunda modabwitsa (kugunda kwa mtima, kupweteka pachifuwa).
• Kudwala pafupipafupi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti munthu amadwala matenda mwachangu chifukwa cha kufooka kwa chitetezo chamthupi.

Kupereka plasma kungapulumutse miyoyo

Monga kupereka magazi, mungathenso kupereka plasma yokha. Izi zingapulumutse miyoyo ya odwala ambiri.

1. Kupereka magazi nthawi zonse:Mukapereka magazi, plasma imatha kuchotsedwamo pambuyo pake mu labotale.

2. Kupereka magazi okha: Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito makina apadera kuti atenge magazi anu, kulekanitsa magazi okha, ndikubwezera maselo ofiira ndi oyera otsala m'thupi lanu. Njirayi imatchedwanso ``Plasmapheresis''.

Madzi a m'magazi operekedwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kupsa, ngozi zoopsa, odwala khansa, odwala omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, ndi odwala ena ambiri. Madzi a m'magazi ochokera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi magazi amtundu wa AB ndi ofunika kwambiri chifukwa alibe ma antibodies ndipo amatha kuperekedwa kwa anthu amtundu uliwonse wa magazi. Koma kaya mtundu wanu wa magazi ndi wotani, mutha kuthandizabe popereka madzi a m'magazi.