Uhangayikishijwe n'imiti ihabwa abageze mu zabukuru? Reka tuvuge ku 'Ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gukoresha inzoga'!

Niba ufite umuntu ugeze mu zabukuru mu rugo rwawe, nka mama wawe, so, nyogokuru, cyangwa sogokuru, ushobora gutekereza gato ku miti ubaha, si byo se? Hari igihe iyo tugiye kwa muganga, baguha imiti itandukanye . Ariko uko tugenda dusaza, uburyo imibiri yacu ikira imiti burahinduka, kandi imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora kuba itabakwiriye. Hari urutonde rw'amabwiriza afasha abaganga kwita kuri ibyo bintu. Ibyo ni byo twita 'Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'inzoga.' Reka tubiganireho uyu munsi.

Ibi 'Ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gukoresha inzoga' ni ibihe?

Mu magambo make, uru ni urutonde rw'amabwiriza yashyizweho n'Umuryango w'Abanyamerika wita ku Baganga b'Abagerage , itsinda ry'inzobere mu buzima bw'abantu bakuze. Rutubwira imiti ishobora kwangiza abantu barengeje imyaka 65, cyangwa imiti ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi kurusha inyungu zayo. Uru rutonde ruzwi kandi nka 'Urutonde rw'inzoga'. Tekereza nawe, ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko abantu barenga 90% barengeje imyaka 65 bakoresha nibura umuti umwe ku kwezi, naho abarenga 66% bakoresha imiti irenga itatu. Rero muri iki gihe, uru rutonde ruzafasha cyane abaganga gutanga imiti mu buryo bwizewe.

Ni izihe ngingo eshanu z'ingenzi ziri muri 'Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'inzoga'?

Uru rutonde rushingiye ku bintu bitanu by'ingenzi, abaganga batekereza cyane cyane iyo bandikiye umuntu mukuru umuti:

• Imiti idakwiye guhabwa abantu barengeje imyaka 65, cyane cyane abatitabwaho mu mpera z'ubuzima bwabo nka abarwayi barembye cyangwa abarwayi barembye .
• Imiti ishobora kwangiza abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe (urugero, indwara z'impyiko, indwara z'umutima).
• Imiti itera ibibazo bitewe n'uko imiti ikoreshwa iyo ifashwe n'indi miti.
• Imiti ishobora kwangiza kurusha kugira ingaruka nziza bitewe n'ingaruka mbi .
• Imiti igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'impyiko (ni ukuvuga abafite ikibazo cy'impyiko) igomba gutangwa ku rugero ruto cyangwa igahagarikwa burundu.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibiyobyabwenge buri ku rutonde rw'ibigomba kuvugwaho mu gihe cy'inzoga?

Kuri uru rutonde hari ubwoko bw'imiti bugera ku 100. Biragoye kuvugaho byose, ariko kugira ngo tuguhe igitekerezo, reka turebe ingero nke zo mu byiciro bitandukanye. Ariko nanone, reka turebe impamvu iyo miti ishobora kwangiza.

• Imiti igabanya ububabare: Urugero, imiti nka `(meperidine)`. Iyi ishobora kugira uburozi ku mitsi (`(Uburozi bw'imitsi ()) n'ubwo kwiheba (`(kwiheba)`) nabyo bishobora kubaho.
• Antibiyotike: Amwe mu ma antibiyotike, urugero nka ciprofloxacin, ashobora kongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso iyo afashwe na warfarin (umuti ugabanya amaraso).
• Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara: Imiti nka carbamazepine ishobora gutera indwara yitwa SIADH - Indwara yo gusohora imisemburo irwanya diuretiki nabi, igahungabanya uburinganire bw'amazi n'umunyu mu mubiri.
• Antihistamines (ubwoko bwa kera): Imiti nka brompheniramine ishobora gutera urujijo, ubumuga bwo mu mutwe , no guta ubwenge .
• Imiti imwe n'imwe ivura umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso (Imiti igabanya umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso): Imiti imwe n'imwe, nka `(alpha-blockers),` ishobora gutera kugabanuka gutunguranye k'umuvuduko w'amaraso (`(Hypotension)`) .
• Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'amaraso cyangwa imiti igabanya amaraso: Imiti nka edoxaban rimwe na rimwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mpyiko (impyiko zidakora neza) .
• Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara zo mu mutwe: Imiti iyo ari yo yose muri uru rwego ishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zo mu bwonko, kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo gutekereza , no guta ubwenge iyo ihawe abantu bakuze.
• Imiti igabanya ububabare: Imiti yo mu itsinda rya benzodiazepines (urugero: diazepam) ishobora kugabanya kwangirika k'umuti mu mubiri, igatera kubura ubwenge, kandi igatera kunyeganyega mu gihe umuntu agenda .
• Imiti imwe n'imwe y'umutima: Imiti nka disopyramide ishobora kongera intege nke z'umutima .
• Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'imitsi yo mu mutwe: Dimenhydrinate (iboneka muri zimwe mu miti igabanya ubukana) ishobora gutera urujijo, kugabanuka k'ubwenge, no guta ubwenge .
• Imiti imwe n'imwe ya diyabete: Imiti ishaje nka chlorpropamide ishobora gutera isukari nke mu maraso (hypoglycemia) .
• Imiti yo mu gifu: Imiti imwe yo mu bwoko bwa ``H2-blocker'' ishobora gutuma umuntu arushaho kugira ihungabana, cyane cyane iyo umuntu ayifite .
• Imisemburo: Iyo estrogen itanzwe hanze, bamwe mu bagore bashobora kugira ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere na kanseri y'umura .
• Ibinini bimwe na bimwe byo gusinzira (hypnotics): Hari ibyago byo kuba imbata y'ibiyobyabwenge nka barbiturates kandi gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge birenze urugero bishobora gutera indwara zikomeye .
• Ibikoresho bigabanya imitsi: Ibi bishobora gutera ibintu nko kwitiranya, kuma mu kanwa no kubura impatwe .
• Imiti igabanya ubushyuhe itari iya steroide (NSAIDs): Imiti nka aspirine (miligarama zirenga 325 ku munsi) ishobora gutera indwara zikomeye nko kurwara ibisebe byo mu gifu, kuva amaraso, cyangwa gutobora .
• Imiti imwe n'imwe yo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero: Imiti nka atropine ishobora gutera urujijo, kugabanuka k'ubwenge, no kurota .
• Imiti imwe n'imwe yo mu nkari: ``desmopressin`` ishobora gutera urugero ruke rwa sodium mu maraso (``hyponatremia``) , ibyo nabyo bikaba ari bibi.
• Imiti imwe n'imwe yagura imiyoboro y'amaraso (vasodilators): Imiti nka `(ergoloid mesylates)` ishobora kudatanga umusaruro witezwe .

Icy'ingenzi: Izi ni ingero nke gusa. Muganga wawe ni we uzaguhitiramo umuti ukubereye. Nubwo waba warahawe umuti kuri uru rutonde, hashobora kuba hari impamvu yabyo. Ntugatinye rero, buri gihe vugana na muganga wawe.

Uru rutonde rw'ibipimo by'inzoga ruzavugururwa kangahe? Bikorwa bite?

Uru si urutonde rw’inshuro imwe rushyirwa ku ruhande gusa. Umuryango w’Abanyamerika wita ku bana bakuze (American Geriatrics Society) usuzuma kandi ukavugurura uru rutonde hafi buri myaka itatu.

Bikorwa bite? Ibi bikorwa hakoreshejwe amakuru agezweho yo mu bushakashatsi bushya bw'ubuvuzi n'igeragezwa ry'ubuvuzi. Itsinda ry'inzobere mu by'ubuvuzi riraterana, rigasuzuma urutonde rwa kera, kandi rishobora gukuraho imiti imwe n'imwe, kongeramo indi mishya, cyangwa guhindura inama zisanzweho hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bishya.

Ni ryari abaganga bakoresha 'Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya Beer'?

Uru rutonde ni igikoresho gisanzwe abaganga bakoresha iyo bandikiye abantu barengeje imyaka 65 imiti. Ariko si ikintu ureba gusa ugafata ibyemezo. Muganga wawe azasuzuma amateka yawe yose y'ubuvuzi, ubuzima bwawe bwa none, n'indi miti iyo ari yo yose, vitamine, n'inyongeramusaruro urimo gufata . Hanyuma azafata icyemezo niba umuti mushya cyangwa ingano y'umuti usanzwe ufata ari nta kibazo kuri wewe. Bashobora kandi gukenera guhindura umuti, ingano, cyangwa inshuro uhabwa hashingiwe kuri uru rutonde.

Ni ibihe bintu ugomba kwitaho mu gihe ukoresha 'Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'inzoga'?

Iki ni ikibazo cy'ingenzi cyane. 'Ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gukoresha inzoga' ni ibihe?Yagenewe abantu benshi. Kubwibyo, ntabwo ari "umuntu ku giti cye" . Ni ukuvuga ko uru rutonde rutavuga ku buzima bw'umuntu muri rusange, izindi ndwara ashobora kuba afite, cyangwa ibintu byihariye byatumye umuganga ahitamo umuti runaka.

Bityo rero, iki ni igikoresho cyiza gusa cyo gukoresha abaganga. Ntabwo gifatira ibyemezo umuganga w’umuhanga kandi w’inararibonye.

Urugero, niba umuganga ashaka kuguha umuti uri kuri uru rutonde ufatwa nk'uwangiza ubuzima, azasuzuma ibintu byinshi, harimo ubuzima bwawe n'ibidukikije urimo kuvurirwamo. Icyo gihe ni bwo azafata icyemezo cya nyuma cyo kumenya niba umuti ari mwiza kuri wewe. Kenshi na kenshi, abaganga bashobora guhitamo undi muti usimbura undi uri kuri uru rutonde. Ariko, niba umuti uri kuri uru rutonde wanditswe na muganga, umuganga azagukurikiranira hafi kugira ngo arebe niba hari ingaruka mbi zihari.

Kuki uburyo imiti igira ingaruka ku mibiri yacu buhinduka uko tugenda dusaza?

Iki ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Uko tugenda dusaza, imibiri yacu ihura n'impinduka nyinshi. Izi mpinduka zishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo imiti yinjizwa n'uko ikora mu mibiri yacu. Dore ingero zimwe na zimwe:

• Bifata igihe kirekire kugira ngo umubiri usenyuke (umetabolize) kandi uvaneho umuti. Ibi bivuze ko umuti ushobora kuguma mu mubiri wawe igihe kirekire. Niyo mpamvu abaganga rimwe na rimwe baha abantu bakuze imiti mike.
• Umuti w’indwara imwe ushobora kugira ingaruka ku yindi. Kubera ko imiti imwe n’imwe ihindura uburyo imibiri yacu ikora, ishobora no kugira ingaruka ku buryo ubundi buryo bwo kuvura bukora.
• Impinduka mu mibereho. Ibintu nk'urwego rw'imyitozo yawe n'indyo urya bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo imiti imwe n'imwe ikora neza. Rero iyo ugiye kwa muganga, ni ngombwa kuganira ku mikorere yawe ya buri munsi, ibyo urya, ndetse no kumenya niba ukora siporo. Muri ubwo buryo, ashobora guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Abaganga bazi neza imibiri yacu n'uburyo ihinduka uko imyaka igenda ikura. Iyo bagundikiye imiti, bazakurikirana uko umubiri wawe ubyitwaramo kugira ngo barebe ko nta kibazo ufite.

None se, ni ibihe bintu twagombye kwibuka muri iyi nkuru?

Noneho rero ushobora kuba usobanukiwe ko 'Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'inzoga' twavuzeho ari urutonde rw'amabwiriza y'ingenzi afasha abaganga mu gihe cyo guha imiti abantu barengeje imyaka 65.

Ibi bifasha abaganga kwibanda ku miti ishobora kwangiza umuntu ukuze no guhitamo indi miti itekanye.

Wibuke ko iki ari igikoresho cy’abaganga, ntabwo ari ikintu wagakwiye gukoresha kugira ngo uhagarike cyangwa utangire imiti wenyine.Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge ku muti ufata, nyamuneka vugana na muganga wawe. Ni we muntu mwiza wo kuguha inama nyazo. Gutega amatwi ibyiyumvo byawe ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo gukomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'inzoga , Ubuzima bw'abantu bakuru, Imiti, Ingaruka mbi, Imiti yizewe, Gusaza