Ni nde muganga w’ibinure by’umubiri - inzobere mu gupima cholesterol? Reka tubirebe!

Ese umuganga wawe yakubwiye ko cholesterol yawe iri hejuru gato? Cyangwa ufite impungenge nke kuko hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite cholesterol nyinshi ? Noneho iyi nkuru izaba ingenzi cyane kuri wewe. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku 'Lipidologist', umuganga wihariye mu binure nka cholesterol.

Ni nde mu by'ukuri umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi (lipidologie)?

Mu magambo make, umuganga w’inzobere mu kuvura ibinure mu mubiri wacu, cyane cyane cholesterol . Ibi binure byitwa lipide, rimwe na rimwe bishobora kwirunda mu mitsi yacu y’amaraso bikayifunga. Ushobora kuba warumvise 'cholesterol mbi'. Inshingano nyamukuru y’aba baganga ni ugufasha abantu bafite ibibazo by’ibinure mu mubiri.

Tekereza, aba baganga badufasha kurenga ikizamini cyoroheje cy'amaraso no gukoresha ubuhanga bwabo. Basobanukiwe neza ibi bintu bidafite akamaro mu mubiri, ndetse n'ibintu bishobora gutera indwara z'umutima n'indwara z'umutima . Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko iyo urugero rwa 'cholesterol mbi' mu mubiri wacu (LDL - Low-Density Lipoprotein) rwiyongereye, ibinure (atheroma) bishobora kwiyongera mu mitsi y'amaraso. Uku kwiyongera kw'ibinure ni cyo twita 'atherosclerosis'.

Noneho, reba, iyo iyi cholesterol `(LDL)`, iyo cholesterol mbi, yishyize mu miyoboro y'amaraso yacu, itangira kuyifunga. Niyo mpamvu abahanga mu by'imirire y'amaraso bahangayikishijwe cyane n'ingano ya `(LDL)` mu maraso yawe. Niba urugero rwa `(LDL)` rwawe ruri hejuru, uba uri mu kaga ko kugira indwara y'umutima cyangwa indwara yo gucika imitsi . Rero, aba baganga bagerageza kugufasha kugenzura urugero rwa cholesterol yawe ruri hejuru no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima n'indwara z'imiyoboro y'amaraso.

Indwara z'umutima n'indwara z'imitsi ni byo bintu bitera impfu n'ubumuga ku isi. Abahanga mu by'imitsi bakoresha ubuhanga bwabo mu gufasha abantu bafite ibyago byo kurwara izi ndwara bitewe na cholesterol nyinshi.

Ese hari icyemezo cyihariye cyo kuba umuganga w’amavuta ya kanseri?

Yego, koko irahari. Muri Amerika hari umuryango witwa "American Board of Clinical Lipidology", kandi iki cyemezo cy’inzobere kiboneka nyuma yo gutsinda ikizamini bakora. Kugira ngo umuganga akore iki kizamini, agomba kuba afite uruhushya rw’ubuvuzi rwemewe n’amategeko. Nanone, agomba kuba yararangije uburambe bw’imyaka ibiri mu buvuzi, cyangwa se akaba yarahawe icyemezo cy’inzobere kivuye mu yindi nama y’ubuvuzi. Nyuma yo kubona iki cyemezo, aba baganga bagomba kugivugurura buri myaka 10. Ibi bivuze ko bahora biga ibintu bishya.

Ni iki umuganga w’imiti akora mu by’ukuri?

Inzobere mu by’imirire y’ibinure by’amaraso ahanini ivura abantu bafite ibibazo by’imirire mibi. Dore ingero nke:

• Hyperlipidemie: Ibi bibaho iyo ingano y'ibinure (cyane cyane cholesterol) mu maraso yiyongera birenze urugero rusanzwe.
• Hypercholesterolemia: Iki ni cyo gihe urugero rwa cholesterol mbi twavuze, ni ukuvuga LDL, rwiyongera cyane.
• Hypolipidemie: Ibi ni urundi ruhande. Bisobanura ko urugero rwa cholesterol mu maraso ruri hasi ugereranije n'ibisanzwe. Ibi bishobora no kuba ikibazo rimwe na rimwe.
• Indwara ya hypercholesterolemia yo mu muryango: Iyi ni indwara yihariye. Iterwa na za gene, bivuze ko urugero rwa cholesterol ya LDL ruri hejuru cyane, ihererekanywa mu bisekuruza.
• Hypertriglyceridemia: Ibi bibaho iyo hari ubundi bwoko bw'ibinure bwinshi bwitwa triglycerides mu maraso. Ibi kandi si byiza ku mutima.

Rero, mu gihe uvura izi ndwara, inzobere mu by’imirire ishobora kuguha umuti umwe cyangwa myinshi . Bashobora kandi kukugira inama yo guhindura imibereho yawe . Urugero, uburyo bwo kugenzura imirire yawe n’imyitozo ngororamubiri. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe byihariye, bashobora no gukoresha uburyo bwitwa `(Lipoprotein apheresis)`. Ibi bikubiyemo gufata amwe mu maraso yawe binyuze mu mashini yihariye, gukuramo cholesterol mbi ya `(LDL)`, hanyuma ugasubiza amaraso yawe meza mu mubiri wawe. Iki si ikintu gikorerwa buri wese, ariko gishobora kugirira akamaro cyane abagikeneye.

Ni nde muganga wa mbere tugomba kugana niba dufite cholesterol nyinshi?

Ukimara kumenya ko urugero rwa cholesterol yawe ruri hejuru gato, ushobora kubonana n'umuganga w'ibanze (PCP) . Hari igihe tumwita umuganga w'umuryango wawe. Ashobora kugufasha gucunga cholesterol yawe ku rwego rw'ibanze.

Ariko, niba ubu buryo bwo kuvura butagufitiye akamaro, cyangwa niba ufite ikibazo cyo kugenzura urugero rwa cholesterol yawe, ushobora gutekereza kugana inzobere mu by’imirire y’ibinure. Basobanukiwe neza cholesterol n’uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura. Intego yabo nyamukuru ni ukugufasha kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara z’umutima cyangwa indwara z’imitsi y’amaraso.

Hari abantu bashobora gutekereza ko abaganga bose b’indwara z’imitsi ari abaganga b’indwara z’umutima. Ariko si ko bimeze. Abenshi mu baganga b’indwara z’imitsi bafite ubumenyi bwihariye mu buvuzi bw’imbere mu mubiri cyangwa mu buvuzi bw’imiryango. Mu by’ukuri, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2010 bwagaragaje ko 50% by’abanyamuryango b’Ishyirahamwe ry’Igihugu ry’Imitsi y’Imitsi bafite ubwo buvuzi. Rero, ushobora kubaza muganga wawe usanzwe niba afite ubumenyi bwihariye mu bijyanye n’indwara z’imitsi.

Reka twige byinshi ku bijyanye n'ubushakashatsi ku maraso.

Lipidologiya ni ishami ry'ubuvuzi ryiga, rigasuzuma, rikanavura indwara z'ibinure.

Inzobere mu kuvura iminwa y'amenyo izi neza ibi bintu:

• Uko Lipoporoteyine bikora: Ibi ni nk'imodoka zitwara ibinure (nka cholesterol na triglycerides) hirya no hino mu mibiri yacu.
• Uko Ateriosclerosis ikura: Ibyo binure byiyongera mu miyoboro y'amaraso twavuze mbere.
• Uburyo imirire n'imyitozo ngororamubiri bigira ingaruka ku rugero rwa cholesterol: Uburyo ibyo turya n'imyitozo ngororamubiri dukora bigira ingaruka ku rugero rwa cholesterol yacu.
• Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura cholesterol nyinshi: imiti, guhindura imibereho, n'ibindi.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura abantu bafite indwara z'ibinure by'umubiri: Urugero, indwara nka "Familial hypercholesterolemia".
• Uburyo bwo gusuzuma ibyago byawe byo kurwara indwara z'umutima n'imitsi y'amaraso ukoresheje ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago: Kumenya ibyago byawe ukurikije ibintu nk'imyaka yawe, amateka y'umuryango wawe, ndetse niba unywa itabi cyangwa utanywa.

Mu by’ukuri, lipidology ni umwihariko mushya mu buvuzi. Yatangiye gukwirakwira mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya 2000. Ariko, yabaye umwihariko ukomeye cyane kuko ikibazo cya cholesterol nyinshi ari ikibazo ku bantu benshi muri iki gihe . Tekereza gato, muri Amerika honyine, bivugwa ko abantu barenga miliyoni 80 bafite cholesterol nyinshi. Iki kibazo gisa n’aho kirimo kwiyongera no muri Sri Lanka.

Bigenda bite iyo ugiye kureba umuganga w’iminwa?

Iyo ugiye kureba umuganga w’indwara z’imitsi, umuganga azabanza agufate amaraso . Nibyo rwose.Ikizamini cya lipide gikorwa. Ibi bishobora gupima neza urugero rw'ubwoko butandukanye bwa cholesterol (nka LDL na HDL) na triglycerides mu maraso yawe.

Hanyuma, umuganga azagukorera isuzuma ry’umubiri . Azakubwira amateka y’ubuzima bwawe. Ni ngombwa kukubwira amateka y’umuryango wawe, kuko izi ndwara rimwe na rimwe zishobora kugaragara mu miryango. Umuganga azabaza n’imyitwarire yawe ya buri munsi . Urugero, ese ukoresha itabi cyangwa imyitozo ngororamubiri? Ibi byose bizagufasha gutegura gahunda yo kuvura ikubereye.

Iyo utangiye gufata imiti igabanya cholesterol no guhindura imibereho yawe, umuganga w’imirire y’ibinure ashobora gukenera kongera kukubona. Ibi biterwa nuko urugero rwa cholesterol mu maraso yawe rugomba gusuzumwa buri gihe kugira ngo barebe neza ko ubuvuzi bwawe bukora neza. Muganga wawe ashobora kugerageza ubundi buryo bwo kuvura niba bumwe mu buryo bwo kuvura budakora.

Niba ukomeje kugira ikibazo cyo kugenzura cholesterol yawe, ntutinye gusaba muganga wawe kohereza kwa muganga w’indwara z’imitsi . Bashobora gukoresha ubuhanga bwabo kugira ngo bakore gahunda yo kuvura ikubereye. Hari abantu bamwe, cyane cyane abafite amateka yo kurwara cholesterol nyinshi mu muryango, bashobora gukenera ubuvuzi buhanitse cyangwa uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura. Bityo rero, ntutindiganye gusaba ubufasha.

None se, ni ibihe bintu by'ingenzi tugomba kwibuka muri iyi nkuru? (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Sawa, twaganiriye cyane kuri umuhanga mu by'imirire y'amaraso uyu munsi. Muri make, dore ibintu bimwe na bimwe ugomba kuzirikana:

• Inzobere mu by’imirire y’ibinure ni umuganga w’inzobere mu by’imirire y’ibinure, nka cholesterol. Bashobora kugufasha kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara z’umutima.
• Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kugenzura cholesterol yawe ukoresheje uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvurwa na muganga wawe , ni byiza kureba inzobere mu by’imirire y’ibinure.
• Abaganga b'imitsi bazareba ibintu byose kuva ku mateka y'ubuzima bw'umuryango wawe kugeza ku mibereho yawe maze bakore gahunda yo kuvura ikubereye .
• Kolesteroli nyinshi ishobora kuba umwanzi utagira icyo utekereza. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane gupimisha amaraso yawe no gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe.
• Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose, ntutinye kubaza muganga. Ni wowe ugomba kwitaho cyane ku buzima bwawe.

Rero, ntugatinye cholesterol, gerageza kuyicunga neza . Inzobere mu by'imirire ishobora kuba umuntu mwiza wo kugufasha muri urwo rugendo.

Kolesteroli , Inzobere mu by'imirire, Ibinure, Indwara z'Umutima, Kolesteroli ya LDL, Inzobere mu by'imirire, Kolesteroli, Indwara z'imirire